281 lines
9.5 KiB
Markdown
281 lines
9.5 KiB
Markdown
# Considering - for - as
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## としては
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🛠 Todo: nuance.
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Means "as", "in the role of". The と particle implies a result.
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More used for objective judgments.
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Used with nouns.
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> [!info] Example
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> {厳|きび}しいのに{先生|せんせい}==としては==あまり{良|よ}くない。
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> Because he is strict, he's not a very good teacher.
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## にしては
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🛠 Todo: nuance.
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Means "considering", "for". The に particle implies a simultaneous existence.
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More used to give personal opinions.
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Used with verbs and nouns.
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> [!info] Example
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> 田中さんは{父|ちち}==にしては=={最低|さいてい}です。
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> As a father, Tanaka-san is the worst.
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## としても
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🛠 Todo: nuance.
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Means "assuming", "even if".
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> [!info] Example
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> 私==としても==出来ます。
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> I can do it as well.
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## にしても
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🛠 Todo: nuance.
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Means "even if", "even though".
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> [!info] Example
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> それ==にしても==、{気|き}を{付|つ}けてくください。
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> Still, please be careful.
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## "As": Gradual change
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<div class="usage">
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<div class="left">
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<p><span class="box">V + (の)</span></p>
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<p><span class="box">N + だ</span></p>
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</div>
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<p class="right">+ につれて・にしたがって・と共に・に伴って</p>
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</div>
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The four following forms have the same meaning of a gradual change:
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* につれて
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* にしたがって
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* と{共|とも}に
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* に{伴|とも}って
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It means that when when the first part of the sentence changes, the second part changes gradually as well.
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> [!info] Example
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> TODO
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This example works with all forms.
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## につれて and にしたがって
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In both forms, the change is natural, and is not an intentional change. When the verb expresses gradual change, both can be used.
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につれて is more common and more used for personal actions.
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> [!info] Example
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> {冬|ふゆ}が{地|ちか}づく==にしたがって・につれて=={気温|きおん}が{下|さ}がってきた。
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> As winter approaches, the temperatures have lowered.
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## にしたがって
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This form also has the meaning of "in accordance to". It doesn't express change. It is possible to talk about intention.
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> [!info] Example
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> TODO
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## に伴って
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に{伴|ともな}って also has the meaning of a an instantaneous change: when the first part changes, the second part also changes instantly. The first part is the reason of it changing.
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> [!info] Example
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> TODO
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> メニューが新しくなるのにともない料金も改訂します。
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> = Menyuu ga atarashiku naru noni tomonai ryoukin mo kaitei shimasu.
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> = As the menu will be renewed, we are going to revise the price.
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## に共に
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に{共|とも}に has 3 other meanings.
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### Almost simultaneously
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(A) and (B) are happening almost simultaneously: As (A) changes, (B) changes with (A). / (A) and (B) are happening at the same time.
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Just like ~にともなって/ ともない ( = ~ ni tomonatte/ tomonai), you can use とともに ( = to tomoni) when (A) and (B) are happening at the same time or almost at the same time.
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The difference is while you use
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“(A)にともなって/ともない ( = ni tomonatte/tomonai) (B)”
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when (A) causes B, you use
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“(A)とともに ( = ~ to tomoni) (B)”
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when you just state two events/actions occur at the same time. (A) and (B) don’t have to be related.
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And (A) and (B) can be just actions not a change.
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田中さんが教室を出るとともに加藤さんが教室に入ってきた。
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= Tanaka-san ga kyoushitsu wo deru to tomoni Katou-san ga kyoushitsu ni haittekita.
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= When Tanaka san left the classroom, Katou san came in the classroom.
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A: Tanaka-san left the classroom.
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B: Kato-san entered the classroom.
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(A) is not a cause for (B). (A) and (B) happened at the same time just by chance.
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> [!info] Example
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> TODO
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### Together with
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It means the same as 一緒に = isshoni butともに( = tomoni) is much more literal.
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家族とともに新しい地でがんばっていきます。
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= Kazoku to tomo ni atarashii chi de ganbatte ikimasu.
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(formal message from someone who is going to move with his/her family.)
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= I will do my best with my family in the new location.
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> [!info] Example
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> TODO
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### As well as, also
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Ms. Kittyはマギー先生とともに素晴らしい先生だ
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= Ms. Kitty wa Maggie Sensei to tomo ni subarashii sensei da.
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= Ms. Kitty is as great a teacher as Maggie Sensei.
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> [!info] Example
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> TODO
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**つれて and したがって**
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The change is natural and not an intentional change.
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夏が近づくにつれて / したがって日が長くなってきた。
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= Natsu ga chikazuku ni tsurete/shitagatte hi ga nagaku nattekita.
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= As summer approaches, the days are getting longer.
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(A) causes (B) / (A) influences (B)
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As you can see ~につれて / つれ ( = ~ ni tsurete / tsure) and にしたがって / したがい ( = ~ ni shitagatte / shitagai) are interchangeable when the main verb expresses the gradual change.
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They are both literal expressions so you often use them to describe natural phenomena or social situations but I would say ~につれて/つれ ( = ni tsurete/tsure) are slightly more common thus you use them for your personal stuff more.
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**Another difference is,**
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**(A)** にしたがい ( = ni shitagai) **(B)** also means “following”/ “ in accordance with” which has nothing to do with change.
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In this usage, you can express your will / intention with the following verb.
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noun + にしたがって ( = ni shitagatte) / にしたがい ( = ni shitagai) + what is going to happen/ what you are going to do
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ルールに従ってください。
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= Ruuru ni shitagatte kudasai.
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= Please follow the rules.
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**にともなって**
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As (A) changes, B changes gradually
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As well as につれて / つれ ( = ni tsurete / tsure) / にしたがって / したがい = ni shitagatte / shitagai) にともなって / ~にともない ( = ~ ni tomonatte/ tomonai) are used to describe gradual change.
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人口の減少にともない労働力不足の問題が生じている。
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= Jinkou no genshou ni tomonai roudouryokubusoku no mondai ga shoujite iru.
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=As the population has declined, a labor shortage has arisen.
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**As (A) changes, (B) changes instantaneously: (B) changes right after (A) occurs / (A) and (B) occur simultaneously**
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(A) doesn’t have to describe change and it could be just an event or motion.
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(A) is the cause/reason for (B): (A) causes (B), Due to (A), (B) happened
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(Similar expression: noun + のため ( = no tame) / Vので ( = node) / (more conversational) Vから ( = kara) )
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メニューが新しくなるのにともない料金も改訂します。
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= Menyuu ga atarashiku naru noni tomonai ryoukin mo kaitei shimasu.
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= As the menu will be renewed, we are going to revise the price.
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Though you are talking about the possibility of (A) and (B) happening at the same time, (B) could instantaneously change.
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You can’t use ~につれて/つれ ( = ~ ni tsurete/tsure) /~にしたがって/したがい ( = ni shitagatte/shitagai)
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**とともに ( = to tomoni) is very similar to ~にともなって/ ともない ( = ~ ni tomonatte / tomonai)**
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As (A) changes, (B) changes gradually
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**meaning 2**
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(A) and (B) are happening almost simultaneously: As (A) changes, (B) changes with (A). / (A) and (B) are happening at the same time.
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Just like ~にともなって/ ともない ( = ~ ni tomonatte/ tomonai), you can use とともに ( = to tomoni) when (A) and (B) are happening at the same time or almost at the same time.
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The difference is while you use
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“(A)にともなって/ともない ( = ni tomonatte/tomonai) (B)”
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when (A) causes B, you use
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“(A)とともに ( = ~ to tomoni) (B)”
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when you just state two events/actions occur at the same time. (A) and (B) don’t have to be related.
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And (A) and (B) can be just actions not a change.
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田中さんが教室を出るとともに加藤さんが教室に入ってきた。
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= Tanaka-san ga kyoushitsu wo deru to tomoni Katou-san ga kyoushitsu ni haittekita.
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= When Tanaka san left the classroom, Katou san came in the classroom.
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A: Tanaka-san left the classroom.
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B: Kato-san entered the classroom.
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(A) is not a cause for (B). (A) and (B) happened at the same time just by chance.
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**together with: to do something with ~**
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It means the same as 一緒に = isshoni butともに( = tomoni) is much more literal.
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家族とともに新しい地でがんばっていきます。
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= Kazoku to tomo ni atarashii chi de ganbatte ikimasu.
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(formal message from someone who is going to move with his/her family.)
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= I will do my best with my family in the new location.
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**as well as ~ / also ~**
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Ms. Kittyはマギー先生とともに素晴らしい先生だ
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= Ms. Kitty wa Maggie Sensei to tomo ni subarashii sensei da.
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= Ms. Kitty is as great a teacher as Maggie Sensei.
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>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
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>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
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>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
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>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
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>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
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>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
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>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
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>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
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>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
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とともに means,
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1. something happens simultaneously,
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2. different work or different people become together and make action in one situation.
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にしたがって means,
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1. something will be done following to other matters change.
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2. follow the other people
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3. obey other people's opinion with no objection
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につれて means,
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1. something will change according to other matters change.
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If the case is '1' we can use any word, but in the case of '2' or '3' we can use only 'にしたがって' or 'とともに' word.
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