203 lines
5.5 KiB
Markdown
203 lines
5.5 KiB
Markdown
# Observation - Looking like
|
|
|
|
## よう
|
|
|
|
Means that it looks like. Used from direct knowledge or experience, with a high degree of confidence. It is a more polite form of みたい.
|
|
|
|
### ようだ
|
|
|
|
<div class="usage">
|
|
<div class="left">
|
|
<p><span class="box">V (casual)</span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な</span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p class="right">+ ようだ</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
Means that it looks like, appears like, seems like.
|
|
|
|
> [!info] Example
|
|
> {子供|こども}が{嬉|うれ}しい==ようだ==。
|
|
> The kids look happy (= I can see them laughing and smiling).
|
|
|
|
### ように・ような
|
|
|
|
<div class="usage">
|
|
<div class="left">
|
|
<p><span class="box">V (casual)</span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p class="right">+ [ように + V] ・ [ような + N]</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
Expresses "in the manner of".
|
|
|
|
> [!info] Examples
|
|
> {新幹線|しんかんせん}の==ような=={速度|そく|ど}。
|
|
> Speed like a Shinkansen.
|
|
>
|
|
> アヒルの==ように==食べる。
|
|
> To eat like a duck.
|
|
|
|
## みたい
|
|
|
|
みたい means similar to, like. Used for direct observation, with a high degree of certainty in consequence.
|
|
It is a less polite form of ようだ.
|
|
|
|
### みたいだ
|
|
|
|
The basic form, used with all forms of words.
|
|
|
|
> [!info] Example
|
|
> 今日は暑いですね。夏==みたいだ==な。
|
|
> It's hot today, isn't it. It looks like it's summer.
|
|
|
|
### みたいに
|
|
|
|
<div class="usage">
|
|
<div class="left">
|
|
<p><span class="box">V (casual)</span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="box">N</span></p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p class="right">+ みたいに + V / Adj</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
The adverbial form.
|
|
|
|
> [!info] Example
|
|
> 犬==みたいに==食べた。
|
|
> I ate like a dog.
|
|
|
|
### みたいな
|
|
|
|
<div class="usage">
|
|
<div class="left">
|
|
<p><span class="box">V (casual)</span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="box">N</span></p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p class="right">+ みたいな + N</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
Similar to the precedent form, but when using with nouns.
|
|
|
|
> [!info] Example
|
|
> {故郷|ふる|さと}==みたいな==町だ。
|
|
> A city like my hometown.
|
|
|
|
## っぽい
|
|
|
|
<div class="usage">
|
|
<div class="left">
|
|
<p><span class="box">V <strike>ます</strike></span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="box">い-Adj <strike>い</strike></span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="box">N</span></p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p class="right">+ っぽい</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
This has the meaning of like, easy to, _-ish_. Makes a direct comparison with certainty, from the point of view of the person saying it. Close to an even more casual meaning of みたい.
|
|
|
|
> [!info] Examples
|
|
> {子供|こ|ども}==っぽい==。
|
|
> Childish.
|
|
>
|
|
> {忘|わす}れ==っぽい==。
|
|
> Easy to forget.
|
|
|
|
## らしい
|
|
|
|
Expresses an information based on hearsay, or based on the situation, or ressemblance. This is always used bases on a source that is unknown or ambiguous. It can be similar to a guess.
|
|
Also used for something typical.
|
|
|
|
> [!info] Examples
|
|
> 男==らしい==。
|
|
> Typical of a man (befitting of a man).
|
|
>
|
|
> 今日は{君|きみ}==らしくない==。
|
|
> You aren't yourself today.
|
|
|
|
## そう
|
|
|
|
### そうだ
|
|
|
|
<div class="usage">
|
|
<div class="left">
|
|
<p><span class="box">V <strike>ます</strike></span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="box">い-Adj <strike>い</strike></span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="box">な-Adj + だ</span></p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p class="right">+ そうだ</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
Means that it looks like.
|
|
Do not confuse with [[Observation - hearsay#そうだ]].
|
|
|
|
> [!info] Examples
|
|
> おいし==そうだ==。
|
|
> lt looks like it is delicious.
|
|
|
|
### そうに・そうな
|
|
|
|
<div class="usage">
|
|
<div class="left">
|
|
<p><span class="box">V <strike>ます</strike></span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="box">い-Adj <strike>い</strike></span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="box">な-Adj + だ</span></p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p class="right">+ 「そうに・そうな」 + N・V</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
Also means that it looks like, but connecting to nouns and verbs.
|
|
|
|
> [!info] Example
|
|
> 面白==そうに==人です。
|
|
> He seems like an interesting person.
|
|
|
|
## 気味
|
|
|
|
<div class="usage">
|
|
<div class="left">
|
|
<p><span class="box">V <strike>ます</strike></span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="box">N</span></p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p class="right">+ 気味</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
{気味|ぎみ} means that it shows weak sign of. Translates to "looks a little like".
|
|
|
|
> [!info] Example
|
|
> 今日、{君|きみ}はちょっと{病気|びょうき}==気味==です。
|
|
> You look a bit sick today.
|
|
|
|
## Summing it up
|
|
|
|
🛠 To do: check validity.
|
|
|
|
* ==ようだ== is a formal way to say that it looks like, usually from direct observation.
|
|
* ==みたい== is a less formal way, used in a casual conversation.
|
|
* ==っぽい== is even more casual. A girl trying to be masculine would be 男っぽい.
|
|
* ==らしい== is usually used when something is typical or expected. The same girl wouldn't be either 女らしい or 男っぽい because it's not what is expected from her.
|
|
* ==そうだ== is used for something that is hearsay or not directly observation, more as a guess.
|
|
* ==気味== is used for something that looks a little bit like.
|
|
|
|
## に見える
|
|
|
|
<div class="usage">
|
|
<div class="left">
|
|
<p><span class="box">V (て)</span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="box">V (casual) + ように</span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="box">い-Adj + <strike>い</strike>く</span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="box">な-Adj + に</span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="box">N + (のよう) + に</span></p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p class="right">+ 見える</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
This is used (unlike other forms that can apply to abstract similarities) exclusively for visual resemblance.
|
|
|
|
> [!info] Example
|
|
> {彼女|かのじょ}はフランス人==に見える==。
|
|
> She looks like she is French.
|