114 lines
4.0 KiB
Markdown
114 lines
4.0 KiB
Markdown
# Considering - for - as
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## としては
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Means "as", "in the role of". The と particle implies a result.
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Used with nouns.
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> [!info] Example
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> 彼はカメラマン==としては==いい{仕事|しごと}をする。
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> As a cameraman, he does a good job.
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## にしては
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Means "considering", "for". The に particle implies a simultaneous existence.
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The difference with としては resides in the fact that this is used to make a contrast between the general image associated with something and what we're describing.
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Used with verbs and nouns.
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> [!info] Example
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> このカバンは安い==にしては==悪くない。
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> This bag might be cheap, it is not bad.
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## としても
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Means "assuming", "even if". It has the same meaning as [[TeF (4) - even if#Even if ても・でも|Even if: ても・でも]], but bolder.
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> [!info] Example
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> 私==としても==出来ます。
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> I can do it as well.
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## にしても
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Means "even if", "even though". It has the same meaning as [[🔰 Particles (1)#も]], but bolder. In some rare written cases, it has the same meaning as としても.
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> [!info] Example
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> フランス{語|ご}==にしても=={英語|えいご}==にしても=={彼|かれ}はとても{上手|じょうず}です。
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> He is very good at both French and English.
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## "As": Gradual change
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<div class="usage">
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<div class="left">
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<p><span class="box">V + (の)</span></p>
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<p><span class="box">N + だ</span></p>
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</div>
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<p class="right">+ につれて・にしたがって・と共に・に伴って</p>
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</div>
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The four following forms have the same meaning of a gradual change:
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* につれて
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* にしたがって
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* と{共|とも}に
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* に{伴|とも}って
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It means that when when the first part of the sentence changes, the second part changes gradually as well.
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> [!info] Example
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> {年|とし}をとる==につれて=={髪|かみ}を{抜|ぬ}けます。
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> As we get older, we lose hair.
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This example works with all forms.
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### につれて and にしたがって
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In both forms, the change is natural, and is not an intentional change. When the verb expresses gradual change, both can be used.
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につれて is more common and more used for personal actions.
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> [!info] Example
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> {冬|ふゆ}が{地|ちか}づく==にしたがって・につれて=={気温|きおん}が{下|さ}がってきた。
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> As winter approaches, the temperatures have lowered.
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### にしたがって
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This form also has the meaning of "in accordance to". It doesn't express change. It is possible to talk about intention.
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> [!info] Example
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> {歯医者|はいしゃ}==にしたがって=={毎日|まいにち}２{回|かい}{歯|は}を{磨|みが}く。
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> I brush my teeth twice a day as recommended by my dentist.
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### に伴って
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に{伴|ともな}って also has the meaning of a an instantaneous change: when the first part changes, the second part also changes instantly. The first part is the reason of it changing.
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> [!info] Example
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> オリンピックがある==に伴って=={交通費|こうつうひ}がねあが{値上|ねあ}がりしてしまった。
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> As the Olympics are held, transportations cost have increased.
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### と共に
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と{共|とも}に has 3 other meanings.
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#### Almost at the same time
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It is also used for two actions that happens at approximately the same time. The two actions do not have to be related. They also don't have to be specifically about change.
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> [!info] Example
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> {鳥|とり}は{鳴|な}き{声|ごえ}をする==と共に=={風|かぜ}が{吹|ふ}く。
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> The bird sings and the wind blows.
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#### Together with
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It can also mean "together with". It is much more formal than {一緒|いっしょ}に.
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> [!info] Example
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> {妻|つま}==と共に=={新|あたら}しい{人生|じんせい}を{始|はじ}めります。
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> I am starting a new life with my wife.
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#### As well as, also
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It can also mean "as well as", "also".
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> [!info] Example
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> パンはチーズ==と共に==フランスに{人気|にんき}{食料|しょくりょう}です。
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> Bread, along with cheese, is a popular food in France.
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