198 lines
6.2 KiB
Markdown
198 lines
6.2 KiB
Markdown
# Opposition: even if, even though
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## て-form: even if
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See [[TeF (4) - even if]].
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## 「と・に」しても
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See [[Considering - for - as#としても]].
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See [[Considering - for - as#にしても]].
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## たって
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<div class="usage">
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<div class="left">
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<p><span class="box">V (た)</span></p>
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<p><span class="box">い-Adj <strike>い</strike> くた</span></p>
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<p><span class="box">な-Adj + だ</span></p>
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<p><span class="box">N + だ</span></p>
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</div>
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<p class="right">+ って</p>
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</div>
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Means "even if", "even though". It has the same meaning as [[#て-form even if]].
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> [!info] Example
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> {今|いま}で行==ったって==、{間|ま}に{合|あ}わない。
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> Even if you go now, you won't make it in time.
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## それでも
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Means "but still", "even so", "anyway".
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> [!info] Example
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> 雨が{降|ふ}っていた、==それでも==出かけていた。
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> It was raining, but I still went out.
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## のに
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Means "although", "even tough". Cannot be an hypothesis, must be a confirmed fact. This, it works with past tense.
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See [[Connectors#のに#Even tough]].
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## くせに・くせして
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<div class="usage">
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<div class="left">
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<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
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<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
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<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な</span></p>
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<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
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</div>
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<p class="right">+ くせに・くせして</p>
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</div>
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Means "despite", "even tough". Has a negative connotation when a situation is not what was expected. Regularly used to talk about characteristics. Like のに, cannot be an hypothesis.
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くせして is more familiar than くせに.
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> [!info] Example
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> {掃除|そうじ}すると言った==くせに==、まだ{汚|きたな}いよ。
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> You said you would clean it up, but it's still dirty.
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>
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> {子供|こども}の==くせに==、{数学|すうがく}が{得意|とくい}です。
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> Despite a child, he is good at math.
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## ながらも
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Means "even while", "despite". It is used to express that while something is one state, something else. Cannot be used for an hypothesis: it is something that is happening right now.
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See also [[Time#ながら]].
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> [!info] Example
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> {病気|びょうき}==ながらも==、パーティーに行くつもりです。
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> Although I am sick, I'm planning to go to party.
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## Summing up
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* ==ても==, ==「と・に」しても==, ==たって== and ==それでも== have the same meaning.
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* ==「と・に」しても== have a bolder meaning.
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* ==それでも== breaks up the phrase.
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* ==のに== cannot be used for conditional situations.
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* ==くせに== talks about disappointment or characteristics.
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* ==ながらも== talks about something happening right now.
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## たとえ～ても
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<div class="usage">
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<p class="iright">たとえ + </p>
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<div class="ileft">
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<p><span class="box">V (て)</span></p>
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<p><span class="box">い-Adj <strike>い</strike> くても</span></p>
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<p><span class="box">な-Adj + でも</span></p>
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<p><span class="box">N + でも</span></p>
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</div>
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</div>
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Means "even if X is the case". Used to present possibilities.
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> [!info] Example
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> ==たとえ=={疲|つか}れ==ても==、もうちょっと{起|お}きている。
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> Even if I'm tired, I'll stay up a little longer.
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## ても始まらない
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ても{始|はじ}まらない means "there's no point, even if you..."
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Used with a verb in て form.
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> [!info] Example
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> もう{遅|おく}れているから、行==っても始まらない==。
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> I'm already late, so it's no use going now.
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## ところが
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<div class="usage">
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<div class="">
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<p><span class="box">expectation</span></p>
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</div>
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<p class="r"> + ところが + </p>
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<div class="">
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<p><span class="box">result</span></p>
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</div>
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</div>
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Means "however", "even though".
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It is used to talk about an unexpected result, that is contradictory to the precedent statement.
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> [!info] Example
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> {自転車|じてんしゃ}の{乗|の}り{方|かた}を{忘|わす}れるはありえないと{思|おも}っていた。==ところが==すっかり{忘|わす}れた。
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> I thought it was impossible to forget how to ride a bike. However, I completely forgot.
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## からと言って (NEW!)
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<div class="usage">
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<div class="left">
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<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
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<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
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<p><span class="box">な-Adj + だ</span></p>
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<p><span class="box">N + だ</span></p>
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</div>
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<p class="right">+ からといって</p>
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</div>
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からと{言|い}って means "just because", "even if".
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> [!info] Example
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> {年上|としうえ}だ==からといって=={正|ただ}しいとは{限|かぎ}りません。
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> Just because you're older doesn't mean you're right.
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## ことにはならない (NEW!)
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<div class="usage">
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<div class="left">
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<p><span class="box">V + (という)</span></p>
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<p><span class="box">い-Adj + という</span></p>
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<p><span class="box">な-Adj + だという</span></p>
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</div>
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<p class="right">+ ことにはならない</p>
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</div>
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Means "just because... doesn't mean that". Used at the end of a sentence.
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> [!info] Example
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> {卒業|そつぎょう}だからといって今すぐ{就職|しゅうしょく}できます==ことにはならい==。
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> Just because you graduated doesn't mean you can get a job right away.
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## とも (NEW!)
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<div class="usage">
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<div class="left">
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<p><span class="box">V (おう)</span></p>
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<p><span class="box">V (な<strike>い</strike>)く</span></p>
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<p><span class="box">い-Adj + <strike>い</strike> + く</span></p>
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</div>
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<p class="right">+ とも</p>
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</div>
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Means "even if", "no matter". Similar to ても ([[TeF (4) - even if]]). Used in writing.
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> [!info] Example
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> {辛|から}く==とも==、{全部|ぜんぶ}{食|た}べるつもりであった。
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> Even if it was spicy, I planned to eat it all.
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## にせよ・にしろ (NEW!)
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<div class="usage">
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<div class="left">
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<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
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<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
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<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な</span></p>
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<p><span class="box">N + (である)</span></p>
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</div>
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<p class="right">+ にせよ・にしろ</p>
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</div>
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Means "even if", "no matter". にせよ is more common in written form and にしろ is more common orally.
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> [!info] Example
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> {好|す}きじゃない==にしろ==、{野菜|やさい}を{食|た}べる{方|ほう}がいい。
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> Even if you don't like it, you should eat your vegetables.
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