Added all N2 notions

.obsidian/app.json

@@ -1,4 +1,10 @@
 {
   "alwaysUpdateLinks": true,
-  "showInlineTitle": false
+  "showInlineTitle": false,
+  "pdfExportSettings": {
+    "pageSize": "A4",
+    "landscape": false,
+    "margin": "0",
+    "downscalePercent": 100
+  }
 }

.obsidian/community-plugins.json

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 [
   "obsidian-markdown-furigana",
   "obsidian-style-settings",
-  "obsidian42-brat",
+  "obsidian42-brat"
-  "obsidian-opener"
 ]

.obsidian/core-plugins.json

@@ -1,20 +1,31 @@
-[
+{
-  "file-explorer",
+  "file-explorer": true,
-  "global-search",
+  "global-search": true,
-  "switcher",
+  "switcher": true,
-  "graph",
+  "graph": true,
-  "backlink",
+  "backlink": true,
-  "canvas",
+  "canvas": true,
-  "outgoing-link",
+  "outgoing-link": true,
-  "tag-pane",
+  "tag-pane": true,
-  "page-preview",
+  "properties": false,
-  "daily-notes",
+  "page-preview": true,
-  "templates",
+  "daily-notes": true,
-  "note-composer",
+  "templates": true,
-  "command-palette",
+  "note-composer": true,
-  "editor-status",
+  "command-palette": true,
-  "bookmarks",
+  "slash-command": false,
-  "outline",
+  "editor-status": true,
-  "word-count",
+  "bookmarks": true,
-  "file-recovery"
+  "markdown-importer": false,
-]
+  "zk-prefixer": false,
+  "random-note": false,
+  "outline": true,
+  "word-count": true,
+  "slides": false,
+  "audio-recorder": false,
+  "workspaces": false,
+  "file-recovery": true,
+  "publish": false,
+  "sync": false,
+  "webviewer": false
+}

.obsidian/plugins/obsidian-style-settings/manifest.json

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 {
 	"id": "obsidian-style-settings",
 	"name": "Style Settings",
-	"version": "1.0.8",
+	"version": "1.0.9",
 	"minAppVersion": "0.11.5",
 	"description": "Offers controls for adjusting theme, plugin, and snippet CSS variables.",
 	"author": "mgmeyers",

.obsidian/plugins/obsidian42-brat/manifest.json

@@ -1,15 +1,14 @@
 {
 	"id": "obsidian42-brat",
 	"name": "BRAT",
-	"version": "1.0.1",
+	"version": "1.1.7",
-	"minAppVersion": "1.4.16",
+	"minAppVersion": "1.7.2",
 	"description": "Easily install a beta version of a plugin for testing.",
 	"author": "TfTHacker",
 	"authorUrl": "https://github.com/TfTHacker/obsidian42-brat",
 	"helpUrl": "https://tfthacker.com/BRAT",
 	"isDesktopOnly": false,
 	"fundingUrl": {
-		"Buy Me a Coffee": "https://bit.ly/o42-kofi",
 		"Visit my site": "https://tfthacker.com"
 	}
-}
+}

.obsidian/plugins/obsidian42-brat/styles.css

@@ -1,3 +1,105 @@
 .brat-modal .modal-button-container {
   margin-top: 5px !important;
 }
+
+.brat-modal .disabled-setting {
+  opacity: 0.5;
+}
+
+.brat-modal .disabled-setting:hover {
+  cursor: not-allowed;
+}
+
+/* Input validation styles */
+.brat-settings .valid-input,
+.brat-modal .valid-repository {
+  border-color: var(--color-green) !important;
+}
+.brat-settings .invalid-input,
+.brat-modal .invalid-repository {
+  border-color: var(--color-red) !important;
+}
+.brat-settings .validation-error,
+.brat-modal .validation-error {
+  border-color: var(--color-orange) !important;
+}
+
+/* Version selector */
+.brat-version-selector {
+  width: 100%;
+  max-width: 400px;
+  justify-content: left;
+}
+
+.brat-token-input {
+  min-width: 33%;
+}
+
+/* Token info container styles */
+.brat-token-info {
+  margin-top: 8px;
+  font-size: 0.8em;
+  padding: 8px;
+  border-radius: 4px;
+  background-color: var(--background-secondary);
+}
+
+/* Token status indicators */
+.brat-token-info.valid,
+.brat-token-status.valid {
+  color: var(--color-green);
+}
+
+.brat-token-info.invalid,
+.brat-token-status.invalid {
+  color: var(--color-red);
+}
+
+.brat-token-info.valid {
+  border-left: 3px solid var(--color-green);
+}
+
+.brat-token-info.invalid {
+  border-left: 3px solid var(--color-red);
+}
+
+/* Token details and status */
+.brat-token-status {
+  margin-bottom: 4px;
+}
+
+.brat-token-details {
+  margin-top: 4px;
+  color: var(--text-muted);
+}
+
+/* Token warnings */
+.brat-token-warning {
+  color: var(--color-orange);
+  margin-top: 4px;
+}
+
+/* Token additional info */
+.brat-token-scopes,
+.brat-token-rate {
+  color: var(--text-muted);
+  margin-top: 2px;
+}
+
+/* Flex break utility */
+.brat-modal .break {
+  flex-basis: 100%;
+  height: 0;
+}
+
+/* Validation status */
+.brat-modal .validation-status-error {
+  color: var(--text-error);
+}
+
+.brat-modal .validation-status {
+  margin-top: 0.5em;
+  margin-bottom: 0.5em;
+  font-size: 0.8em;
+  text-align: left;
+}

Conjugation/Conditional.md

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 	<p class="right">+ と</p>
 </div>
 
-Means "if" when a result is known or assumed to be true, aka a logical cause-effect relationship. Cannot be used if the result is uncertain. So it cannot be an intention, a request, a desire, an order, etc.
+Means "if", "whenever". Used when a result is known or assumed to be true, aka a logical cause-effect relationship. Cannot be used if the result is uncertain. So it cannot be an intention, a request, a desire, an order, etc.
 
 > [!info] Example
 > {急|いそ}いでない==と==、{遅刻|ちこく}に{着|つ}きます。
@@ -31,10 +31,10 @@ Means "if" when a result is known or assumed to be true, aka a logical cause-eff
 </div>
 
 Means "in the case that/of". The second part of the sentence is generally an opinion, a request or a suggestion.
-Adding の adds emphasis.
+Adding の adds emphasis. ならば can be used in more formal contexts.
 
 > [!info] Example
-> 車を使う==なら==、気を{付|つ}けて。
+> {車|くるま}を{使|つか}う==なら==、{気|き}を{付|つ}けて。
 > If you're using a car, be careful.
 
 ## たら
@@ -49,10 +49,10 @@ Adding の adds emphasis.
 	<p class="right">+ ら</p>
 </div>
 
-Means "if" or "when". Describes a condition (the first action must be completed before the second action). Usually used for hypothetical situations. It is the main word used for conditional.
+Means "if" or "when". Describes a condition (the first action must be completed before the second action). Used for hypothetical situations and certain results. It is the main word used for conditional.
 
 > [!info] Example
-> 安==かったら==、買う。
+> {安|やす}==かったら==、{買|か}う。
 > (If / When) it's cheap, I'll buy it.
 
 ## 場合
@@ -97,9 +97,10 @@ Negative form:
 	<p class="right">+ なければ</p>
 </div>
 
-See Conjugation [[Basics]] for verbs (the う sound transforms the the corresponding え sound).
+See Conjugation [[Basics]] for verbs (the う sound transforms to the corresponding え sound).
 
 Means "if". A conditional relationship without the cause-effect relationship of と.
+If A happens, then B. Situations must be hypothetical. Generally used for one-time results.
 
 > [!info] Examples
 > 雨が止==めれば==、店に行く。
@@ -169,12 +170,11 @@ Means "the more... the more". Used by repeating the same verb.
 
 ## Summing up
 
-🛠 Todo: complete this.
 * ==と== has a logical cause-effect relationship. Certain result.
 * ==なら== usually used for opinion, request, suggestion.
 * ==V-たら== describes a condition to be met for the result. Usually used for hypothetical situation.
 * ==場合== explains what to do in a described situation. More formal than V-たら.
-* ==V-ば== is a conditional relationship, close to V-たら.
+* ==V-ば== is a conditional relationship, close to V-たら. Used for hypothetical situations, generally for for one-time results.
 
 ## とすれば・としたら・とすると
 
@@ -195,3 +195,12 @@ Means "if we assume that A, B".
 > [!info] Example
 > {電車|でんしゃ}で行く==とすると==、２０{分|っぷん}かかるです。
 > If you were to go by train, it would take 20 minutes.
+
+## もし(も)
+
+Used with conditional forms ば, と, たら and ても (see [[TeF (4) - even if#Even if ても・でも|Even if: ても・でも]]).
+もしも puts more emphasis than もし.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ==もし==ペットが{病気|びょうき}になったら、{動物|どうぶつ}{病院|びょういん}に行かなきゃ。
+> If you pet gets sick, you have to bring it to the veterinarian clinic.

Conjugation/Misc.md

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+# Misc.
+
+## ~まい
+
+~まい is the opposition of the volitional form (よう). It means "will not".
+
+Careful of two exceptions:
+* する => すまい
+* くる => こまい
+
+> [!info] Example
+> この{川|かわ}は{危|あぶ}ないようだ。ここで{泳|およぐ}ぐ==まい==。
+> This river seems dangerous. I won't swim here.
+
+## ~得る・~得ない
+
+{得|え}る means "able to", "possible". Can be conjugated: えない, えた, えなかった.
+Made by:
+* adding まい to a V-る (dictionary form)
+* removing the ます stem from a verb and adding まい
+
+> [!info] Example
+> それはあり==得ない==。
+> That is impossible.
+
+⚠ Can also be read うる (on this tense only).
+
+## ぬ
+
+It is the traditional negative form of verbs: ぬ instead of ない.
+Exceptions:
+する -> せぬ
+くる -> こぬ
+いる -> あらぬ
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {彼女|かのじょ}はここにはあら==ぬ==。
+> She is not here.

Conjugation/TeF (2) - manner of doing.md

@@ -105,3 +105,55 @@ Means "not until".
 > 
 > {会合|かいごう}に{遅|おく}れてしまったが、{電話|でんわ}で{謝|あやま}==って済みました==。
 > I was late for a meeting, but I was able to apologize over the phone (thus solving the situation).
+
+## ている場合じゃない
+
+ている{場合|ばあい}(じゃない・ではない) means "this is no time to be doing". Tells the listener to stop doing what they are doing.
+Used with verbs in て form.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {夜|よる}ので、{歌|うた}え==ている場合じゃない==！
+> It's night, so it's no time to be singing!
+
+## てばかりはいられない
+
+Means "can't keep doing". Can also be used as てばかりもいられない.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {走|は}==ってばかりはいられない==。
+> I can't keep running.
+
+## ていては
+
+Means "if something continues". Used generally for negative outcomes.
+Only used for verbs.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {酒|さけ}しかを{飲|の}ん==でいては==、{健康|けんこう}が{悪|わる}くなる。
+> If you only drink alcool, your health will worsen.
+
+## てならない
+
+Means "extremely", "can't help but to do". Usually used for natural things occuring that cannot be controlled, like feeling.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> この{町|まち}には{寒|さむ}く==てならない==。
+> It's extremely cold in this town.
+
+## てたまらない
+
+With verbs conjugated in the たい form, this means "can't help but want to".
+With other forms, this means "extremely".
+
+> [!info] Example
+>  {留学|りゅうがく}に{行|い}きたく==てたまらない==。
+> I can't help but want to go abroad.
+
+## てはいられない
+
+Means "unable to", "cannot afford to". 
+
+> [!info] Example
+> お{金|かね}がないから、レストランに{食|た}べ==てはいられない==。
+> I can't afford to eat at a restaurant because I don't have any money.
+

Conjugation/TeF (3) - give & receive.md

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ Only for **verbs**.
 > I bought a cake for my mother.
 > 
 
-For casual language, ==てやる== can be used.
+For casual language, てやる can be used.
 
 ## てくれる
 

Conjugation/TeF (4) - even if.md

@@ -67,3 +67,11 @@ Used to make a supposition. Would translate to something like "even if... is the
 > [!info] Example
 > ==たとえ=={新幹線|しん|かん|せん}==でも==、１時間かかる。
 > Even if you take the Shinkansen, it will take one hour.
+
+### てでも
+
+Means "even if I have to". Expresses a strong determination to do something.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {午前|ごぜん}４{時|じ}に{起|お}きれ==てでも==、{遅刻|ちこく}するつもりはない。
+> Even if it means waking up at 4am, I don't intend to be late.

Conjugation/TeF (5) - Misc.md

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+# Te-Form (5) - Misc
+
+## て以来
+
+て{以来|いらい} means "since". Not used for recent events.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {日本|にほん}に{引|ひ}っ{越|こき}し==て以来==、{帰国|きこく}していませんでした。
+> Ever since I moved to Japan, I haven't been back to my own country.
+
+## てこそ
+
+Means "since", "only if", "unless", "until". Emphasizes on the relationship between the two parts of the sentence.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {先生|せんせい}にな==ってこそ==、{観点|かんてん}が{変|か}わる。
+> Only by becoming a teacher, your perspective changes.
+
+## てまで
+
+Means "to go as far as", "to do excessive effort".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> カードゲームが{好|す}きですけど、{全部|ぜんぶ}の{給料|きゅうりょう}を{費|つい}やし==てまで==と{思|おも}わない。
+> I like card games, but I don't want to spend my entire salary on them.
+
+## て当然だ
+
+て{当然|とうぜん}だ means that something is natural, expected.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 私が{作|つく}ったから、{完璧|かんぺき}==で当然だ==！
+> I made it, so obviously it's perfect!
+
+## ては・では
+
+It is used as a condition: "if", "when", "whenever". Generally expresses a negative outcome.
+は can be changed to ちゃ with verbs, and じゃ with な-adjectives and nouns.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {授業|じゅぎょう}に{来|こ}なく==ては=={卒業|そつぎょう}できない。
+> If you don't come to class, you will not be able to graduate.
+
+## ては~ては
+
+Same structure as [[TeF (5) - Misc#ては・では]], this time only used with verbs. Means the repetition of an action or a phenomenon.
+The verbs can be in the same order or not in the two part.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {働|はたら}い==ては=={寝|ね}、{寝|ね}==ては=={働|はたら}くばかりの{生活|せいかつ}はずるいと{思|おも}います。
+> I think a life of only working and sleeping, sleeping and working is unfair.

index.md

@@ -8,16 +8,16 @@ The goal of this website is to be a synthesis of useful resources for my Japanes
 
 ## Sources
 
-Of course, since I'm _learning_ the language, I need to borrow what I write from different sources. So this website uses data from the websites listed here. I don't want any recognition of what is here! It's mostly a compilation of what people who are way better in this language have made before.
+Of course, since I'm _learning_ the language, I need to get inspired from different sources. So this website partly uses information from the websites listed here. I don't want any recognition of what is here! It's mostly a compilation of what people who are way better in this language have made before.
 
 * [Bunpro](https://bunpro.jp/grammar_points)
 * [JLPT Sensei](https://jlptsensei.com/#jlpt-grammar-lists)
 * [Maggie Sensei](https://maggiesensei.com/)
-* [Try! Series of books](https://2024.ask-books.com/tag/try/)
+* [Try! Series of books](https://ask-books.com/tag/try/)
+* [A Handbook of Japanese Grammar](https://www.9640.jp/nihongo/en/detail/?678)
 * [Hedgehog Japanese](https://hedgehog-japanese.com/category/grammar/)
 * [Wasabi](https://www.wasabi-jpn.com/category/japanese-grammar/)
 * [Japanese StackExchange](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/)
-* [Guide du Japonais](https://guidedujaponais.fr/)
 * [Tofugu](https://www.tofugu.com)
 * [Imabi](https://imabi.org/table-of-contents-%e7%9b%ae%e6%ac%a1/)
 * [Tae-Kim's Guide](https://guidetojapanese.org/learn/)
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ In addition to those I cited, here are other resources I find useful.
 
 * [Sakubun](https://sakubun.xyz/)
 * [NHK News Web Easy](https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/easy/)
+* [Natively](https://learnnatively.com/browse/jpn/)
 
 ### Grammar
 
@@ -46,8 +47,11 @@ In addition to those I cited, here are other resources I find useful.
 
 * [Jisho](https://jisho.org/), an online dictionary
 * [Tatoeba](https://tatoeba.org), for its sentences database
-* [Tangorin](https://tangorin.com/sentences), for its sentences database
+
+### Apps
+
+- [Anki](https://apps.ankiweb.net/), the spaced repetition software
 
 ## Any errors?
 
-If you find any error, please do contact me! You can find my website in the footer of any page of this website. Thanks!
+If you find any error, please do contact me! I wrote the examples by myself, so they might not be accurate. You can find my website in the footer of any page of this website. Thanks!

🔰 Grammar/Actions.md

@@ -114,12 +114,12 @@ Means "to try to", "to make sure to". It's more of an assertion than ようと
 Used with a verb.
 
 > [!info] Example
-> 毎日に{朝|あさ}ご{飯|はん}を食べる==ようとします==。
+> 毎日に{朝|あさ}ご{飯|はん}を食べる==ようにします==。
 > I'll try to eat a breakfast everyday.
 
 ### ようとする・ようとしない
 
-Means "try to", "attempt to" (or not, in the negative form). It's more of an attempt than with ようにする.
+Means "try to", "attempt to" (or not, in the negative form). It's more of an attempt than with ようにする. Can also mean "just as I was about to".
 Used with the volitional form of verbs (よう).
 
 > [!info] Example

🔰 Grammar/Adverbs.md

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ This form is used with a verb in the negative form (ない).
 {一体|いったい} is used to make an emphasis when something is surprising, confusing, etc.
 
 > [!info] Example
-> ==いったい=={誰|だれ}がそんあことをしたか。
+> ==いったい=={誰|だれ}がそんなことをしたか。
 > Who in the world would do something like this?
 
 ## まるで
@@ -68,14 +68,6 @@ Means "as if".
 > え、{中古|ちゅうこ}ですね。==まるで=={新規|しんき}の==よう==です。
 > Eh, it's second-hand? It looks like new.
 
-## むしろ
-
-Means "instead" or "rather".
-
-> [!info] Example
-> ==むしろ=={自転車|じてんしゃ}で行こうと思います。
-> I think I'd rather go by bike.
-
 ## もう
 
 Means "already".
@@ -91,3 +83,25 @@ Means "already". More formal than もう, implies that something is too late and
 > [!info] Example
 > {遅|おそ}く{起|お}きたので==すでに==バスは{出発|しゅっぱつ}してしまった。
 > I woke up late, so the bus already left.
+
+## どうせ
+
+Means "anyhow", "at any rate".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ==どうせ==、{僕|ぼく}のアドバイスを{聞|き}かないんでしょう。
+> Anyhow, you won't listen to advice, right?
+
+## なお
+
+Means "more", "in addition". Used in writing.
+Can be used:
+- in a similar way as もっと;
+- to add information to a previous sentence.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ==なお=={考|かんが}えるせんいけない。
+> I still have to think about it.
+> 
+> {今日|きょう}はたくみさんが{休|やす}みです。==なお==、{彼|かれ}は{仕事|しごと}を{終|お}わりなかった。
+> Takumi-san is not there today. In addition, he did not finish his work.

🔰 Grammar/Advice - Guidance - Proposition.md

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+# Advice, guidance, proposition
+
+## たらどう
+
+Used to ask about a situation, usually to give advice. Translates to "why don't you" or "how about".
+Used with the たら form of verbs.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ゲームをし==たらどう==か。
+> How about you play a game?
+
+## たらいいですか
+
+Used to ask about an advice or instructions. Translates to "what should I do".
+Used with the たら form of verbs.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 何を{飲|の}ん==だらいいですか==。
+> What should I drink?
+
+## ことだ
+
+Means "should do". It is used for suggestion or giving advice in spoken language.
+Used after verbs with a る or ない ending.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {砂糖|さとう}が{多|おお}すぎる{食|た}べ{物|もの}を{食|た}べない==ことだ==。
+> You shouldn't eat food that is too high in sugar.
+
+## ようではないか
+
+Means "why don't we", "shall we", "let's do". Used with a verb in the volitional form (おう). ではないか can be replaced by じゃないか.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {一緒|いっしょ}に{飲|の}==もうではないか==。
+> Why don't we have drinks together?

🔰 Grammar/Advice - Guidance.md

@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-# Advice & guidance
-
-## たらどう
-
-Used to ask about a situation, usually to give advice. Translates to "why don't you" or "how about".
-Used with the たら form of verbs.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> ゲームをし==たらどう==か。
-> How about you play a game?
-
-## たらいいですか
-
-Used to ask about an advice or instructions. Translates to "what should I do".
-Used with the たら form of verbs.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> 何を{飲|の}ん==だらいいですか==。
-> What should I drink?

🔰 Grammar/Amounts - frequency.md

@@ -1,15 +1,19 @@
 # Amounts of frequency
 
-## Never
+## 再び
 
-🛠
+{再|ふたた}び means "again", "once more".
-ぜんぜん?
+
-{絶対|ぜったい}に?
+> [!info] Examples
+> ==再び=={来|き}ませんですね。
+> I won't be coming again.
+
+## Never
 
 ### 決して～ない
 
 <div class="usage">
-	<p class="iright">消して + </p>
+	<p class="iright">決して + </p>
 <div class="ileft">
 	<p><span class="box">V (ない)</span></p>
 	<p><span class="box">い-Adj <strike>い</strike> くない</span></p>
@@ -18,23 +22,15 @@
 </div>
 </div>
 
-{決|け}して~ない means "never".
+{決|けっ}して~ない means "never". Used with negative verbs.
 
 > [!info] Examples
 > 私は==決して=={夢|ゆめ}を{覚|おぼ}えません。
 > I never remember my dreams.
 
-### とても～ない
-
-Means "cannot". This form implies a strong impossibility. Used with negative verbs, often in potential form.
-
-> [!info] Examples
-> {苦|にが}い{食|たべ}べ{物|もの}は==とても==食べられ==ない==。
-> I cannot eat bitter food.
-
 ## Rarely
 
-### めったに～ない (5%)
+### めったに～ない
 
 <div class="usage">
 	<p class="r">めったに + </p>
@@ -49,16 +45,22 @@ Means "cannot". This form implies a strong impossibility. Used with negative ver
 	<p class="r">+ めったに</p>
 </div>
 
-Means "hardly", "rarely".
+Means "hardly", "rarely". Used with negative verbs.
 
 > [!info] Examples
 > {車|くるま}は==めったに=={運転|うんてん}し==ません==。
 > I rarely drive a car.
 
-### あまり (30%)
+### あまり
 
-🛠
+Means "rarely".
-negative.
+Used with negative verbs.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {最近|さいきん}{絵|え}を==あまり=={書|か}けない。
+> I haven't been able to draw much lately.
+
+## Unlikely
 
 ### そうもない・そうにない
 
@@ -71,24 +73,57 @@ Made by removing ます from a verb and adding そうもない・そうにない
 
 ## Sometimes
 
+### たまに
+
+Means "occasionally", "once in a while".
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {彼女|かのじょ}は{抹茶|まっちゃ}を==たまに=={飲|の}む。
+> She occasionally drinks matcha.
+
 ### 時々
 
-🛠
+{時々|ときどき} means "sometimes".
-ときどき
-たまに
 
-## Usually
+> [!info] Examples
-
+> ==時々=={遊園地|ゆうえんち}に{行|い}く。
-🛠
+> I sometimes go to amusement parks.
-づつう
-ふだん
 
 ## Often
 
-🛠
+### 度々
-よく
+
-しょっちゅう
+{度々|たびたび} means "often", "frequently".
-たびたび
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {私|わたし}の{彼女|かのじょ}は==度々=={遅|おく}れてきます。
+> My girlfriend is often late.
+
+### よく
+
+Means "often".
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {最近|さいきん}、{数学|すうがく}の{練習|れんしゅう}{問題|もんだい}を==よく==やっています。
+> I have been doing a lot of math exercises lately.
+
+## Always
+
+### いつも
+
+Means "always", "every time".
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {夏|なつ}の{時|とき}==いつも==アイスクリームを食べます。
+> I always eat ice cream in the summer.
+
+### ずっと
+
+Means "always", "continuously".
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {蛇|へび}が==ずっと=={好|す}きだった。
+> I've always loved snakes.
 
 ### たものだ
 
@@ -98,8 +133,3 @@ Used with a verb in the past tense (た) by adding ものだ.
 > [!info] Examples
 > {子供|こども}のころはいつも{森|もり}で{遊|あそ}==んだものだ==。
 > I always played in the woods when I was a kid.
-
-## Always
-
-🛠
-いつも

🔰 Grammar/Amounts - quantification.md

@@ -43,6 +43,14 @@ Used with words in negative form.
 > どうしてエアコンを{付|つ}きましたか。{今|いま}は==別に=={暑|あつ}==くない==よ。
 > Why did you turn on the AC? It's not that hot right now.
 
+## わずかに
+
+Means "slightly", "only", "a little". Used at the beginning of a phrase to indicate a particularly small amount of something.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> いつでも{隣|となり}の{人|ひと}の{音|おと}が==わずかに=={聞|き}こえます。
+> You can always hear the neighbours a little bit.
+
 ## No matter how
 
 ### どんなに～ても
@@ -71,6 +79,42 @@ Means "no matter what".
 > ==どうしても=={花火|はなび}に行きたい。
 > No matter what, I want to go see the fireworks.
 
+## At least
+
+### 少なくとも
+
+{少|すく}なくとも means "at least". Implies an obligation.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ==少なくとも==もっと{三人|さんにん}が{必要|ひつよう}です。
+> At least three more people are required.
+
+### せめて
+
+Means "at least". Implies a request.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ==せめて=={週|しゅう}に{一度|いちど}{勉強|べんきょう}してください。
+> Please study at least once a week.
+
+## だけましだ
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + である</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ だけましだ</p>
+</div>
+
+Means "should be grateful for", "at least", "better than". Means that while something is not good, or not as good as one wishes, it's still better than nothing or an alternative.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {給料|きゅうりょう}がちょっとすくない、{就職|しゅうしょく}==だけましだ==。
+> The salary is a little low, but at least I found a job.
+
 ## Very
 
 ### てしょうがない・てしかたがない
@@ -85,13 +129,11 @@ Means "no matter what".
 </div>
 
 Means both "extremely" and "can't be helped".
+See [[Can't help - doesn't matter#てしょうがない・てしかたがない]]
 
 > [!info] Example
 > {今日|きょう}は{暑|あつ}く==てしょうがない==。
 > Today is extremely hot.
-> 
-> {隣|となり}の{会話|かいわ}は{聞|き}き==ってしょうがない==。
-> I can't help but to listen to the conversion next door.
 
 ### なかなか
 
@@ -139,16 +181,98 @@ Means "as much as possible". なるべく is a bit softer than できるだけ.
 
 ### あまり
 
-🛠🛠🛠🛠
+<div class="usage">
-so much… that
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ あまり</p>
+</div>
 
-https://jlptsensei.com/learn-japanese-grammar/%e3%81%82%e3%81%be%e3%82%8a-amari-meaning/
+Means "so much... that".
-https://bunpro.jp/grammar_points/%E3%81%82%E3%81%BE%E3%82%8A
+Nominalized adjectives can be used as nouns. See [[Transformation#~さ adjective as noun]] and [[Transformation#~み adjective as noun]].
+
+> [!info] Example
+> おいしさの==あまり==、このレストラン{毎日|まいにち}行きたい。
+> The food is so delicious that I want to eat in this restaurant every day.
 
 ### あまりにも
 
-🛠🛠🛠🛠
+<div class="usage">
-too much; so much… that; excessively ~
+	<p class="iright">あまりに(も) + </p>
+<div class="ileft">
+	<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">Adj</span></p>
+</div>
+</div>
 
-https://jlptsensei.com/learn-japanese-grammar/%e3%81%82%e3%81%be%e3%82%8a%e3%81%ab%e3%82%82-amari-ni-mo-meaning/
+<div class="usage">
-https://bunpro.jp/grammar_points/%E3%81%82%E3%81%BE%E3%82%8A%E3%81%AB
+	<p class="r">あまりの + </p>
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">N</span></p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+Means "so much... that". A version of あまり that can also be used with adjectives.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {先生|せんせい}が==あまりに=={厳|きび}しくて、{私|わたし}は{泣|な}き{始|はじ}めった。
+> The teacher was so strict that I started to cry.
+
+## Not at all
+
+### ちっとも~ない
+
+Means "not at all". Has a nuance of perhaps happening once or twice. It is casual.
+Used with a verb in the negative (ない) form.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ==ちっとも=={学校|がっこう}を{休|やす}まない。
+> I never miss school.
+
+### 少しも~ない
+
+<div class="usage">
+	<p class="iright">少しも + </p>
+<div class="ileft">
+	<p><span class="box">V (ない)</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj + <strike>い</strike> くない</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + ではない</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + ではない</span></p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+{少|すこ}しも~ない means "not at all". Has a nuance of perhaps happening once or twice. Mostly used in writing.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> そのアパートは==少しも==大きくなかった。
+> That appartment was really not big.
+
+### 全く~ない
+
+{全|まった}く~ない means "not at all". Has a nuance of absolutely never happening.
+Used with a verb in the negative (ない) form.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ==全く=={信|しん}じられない。
+> That is absolutely unbelievable.
+
+### として~ない
+
+Means "not at all". Has a nuance of absolutely never happening.
+Insists more on the duration: "not even".
+Used before a a duration, a number, etc.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {彼女|かのじょ}は{一日|いちにち}==として=={仕事|しごと}を{遅|おく}れなかった。
+> She has never missed a day of work, not even one day.
+
+### 全然
+
+{全然|ぜんぜん} means "not at all".
+
+⚠ In more casual settings, it can be used for positive meanings: "completely", "totally".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ==全然=={知|し}らなかった。
+> I had no idea.

🔰 Grammar/Amounts.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Amount
+# Amounts
 
 ## くらい・ぐらい
 
@@ -34,6 +34,14 @@ Also means "to the extent of".
 > 食べなくて{寝|ね}たい==ぐらい=={疲|つか}れています。
 > I'm tired to the extent of not eating and going to sleep.
 
+## ばかり
+
+Means "about" or "approximately", when used with nouns indicating time or distance. Has the same meaning as ぐらい or ほど, but only in written form.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {薬屋|くすりや}まで１０分==ばかり==かかる。
+> It takes about 10 minutes to get to the pharmacy.
+
 ## は particle
 
 See [[🔰 Particles (1)#は]].
@@ -50,7 +58,42 @@ See [[🔰 Particles (1)#は]].
 	<p class="right">+ 程</p>
 </div>
 
-Like くらい, it describes an approximate amount. It focuses on a limit being reached. It translates to "about" or "to the extent".
+{程|ほど}, like くらい, it describes an approximate amount. It focuses on a limit being reached. It translates to "about" or "to the extent".
 
 > [!info] Example
 > {地下鉄|ちかてつ}を{乗|の}るために、{死|し}ぬ==程=={走|はし}った。
+> In order to catch the subway, I ran to death.
+
+## 一応
+
+{一応|いちおう} means "more or less", "roughly".
+Can also mean "just in case". Used to tell the minimum required amount is done.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> ==一応=={終|お}わりましたけど。
+> I more or less finished, but...
+
+## 一度に
+
+{一度|いち|ど}に means "all at once".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> バスは==一度に==１００{人|にん}を{乗|の}せることができる。
+> A bus can carry 100 persons at a time.
+
+## ずつ
+
+Used with nouns that express a number or a counter, meaning "each", "at time".
+Used with {少|すこ}し, means "little by little".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ２{個|こ}==ずつ==ください。
+> I'll take two of each please.
+
+## ろくに～ない
+
+Means "not enough, improperly, insufficiently". Used with a negative phrase.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> ５{年|ねん}{中国語|ちゅうごくご}を{勉強|べんきょう}したのに、==ろくに=={喋|しゃべ}ら==ない==。
+> Even tough I studied Chinese for 5 years, I cannot speak it really well.

🔰 Grammar/Based on.md

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+# Based on
+
+## からして
+
+Means "based on", "judging from". Extracts a conclusion from an observation.
+Used with nouns.
+
+Also used to present an extreme example where if A is true, then of course B will also be true. Generally negative.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {新|あたら}しい{部長|ぶちょう}のことの{噂|うわさ}==からして==、{心配|しんぱい}です。
+> Judging from the rumors about the new manager, I'm worried.
+> 
+> もちろん{親|おや}さんはうるさい==からしたら==、{子供|こども}もうるさいです。
+> Of course if the parents are noisy, the kids will also be.
+
+## をもとに・に沿って
+
+をもとに and に{沿|そ}って mean "based on", "in accordance with". Use a source to do something, following it.
+Used with nouns.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> この{教科書|きょうかしょ}==をもとに==、{練習問題|れんしゅうもんだい}を{作|つく}った。
+> Based on this text textbook, I made practice questions.
+
+## に基づいて
+
+に{基|もと}づいて means "based on". It is more formal than をもとに and に沿って.
+Used with nouns.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> この{映画|えいが}は{漫画|まんが}==に基づいた==。
+> This movie was based on a manga.
+
+## に応えて
+
+に{応|こた}えて means "in response to". Implies a change depending on what is necessary, suitable, etc.
+Used with nouns.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {社長|しゃちょう}の{願|ねが}う==に応えて==、{残業|ざんぎょう}をしました。
+> In reponse to my boss's request, I worked overtime.
+
+## に応じて
+
+に{応|おう}じて means "in accordance with". It is less direct than に応えて.
+Used with nouns.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {社長|しゃちょう}の{願|ねが}う==に応じて==、{残業|ざんぎょう}をしました。
+> In response to my boss's request, I worked overtime. (the request might have been implicit, and not asked directly)
+
+## の下で・のもとに
+
+の{下|もと}で・の{下|もと}に means "under", "on the basis of".
+Used with nouns.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {新|あたら}しい{法律|ほうりつ}==の下で==はそれは{禁止|きんし}されている。
+> Under the new law, that is prohibited.

🔰 Grammar/Can't help - doesn't matter.md

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+# Can't help; doesn't matter
+
+## Can't help
+
+### てしょうがない・てしかたがない
+
+Means both "extremely" and "can't be helped". Implies that it's something very much wanted.
+Also expresses strong emotion, feeling, desire that cannot be controlled.
+See [[Amounts - quantification#てしょうがない・てしかたがない]].
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ラーメンが{食|た}べ==てしょうがない==。
+> I can't help but to eat ramen.
+> 
+> {隣|となり}の{会話|かいわ}は{聞|き}き==ってしょうがない==。
+> I can't help but to listen to the conversion next door.
+
+### ずにはいられない
+
+Means "can't help but do something". Implies that one can't stop doing it.
+Made with a verb in the negative form (ない) without the ない ending and adding ずにはいられない. 
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {悲|かな}しいのでアイスクリーム食べ==ずには入れれない==。
+> I'm sad so I can't help but eat ice cream.
+
+## ないではいられない
+
+This means "cannot help doing something". Has the same nuance as ずにはいられない。
+Made with a verb in the negative form (ない) without the ない ending and adding ではいられない.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ゲームをし==ないではいられない==。
+> I can't help but play games.
+
+## ざるを得ない
+
+ざるを{得|え}ない means "can't help doing". Implies that it is not the first choice, but that there is no other option available.
+Made with a verb in the negative form (ない) and adding ざるを得ない.
+Exception: する becomes せ.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> この{仕事|しごと}をせ==ざるを得ない==。
+> I have no choice but to do this job.
+
+## Doesn't matter
+
+### ても構わない
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V (て)</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj <strike>い</strike> くて</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + で</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + で</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ もかまわない・もかまいません</p>
+</div>
+
+ても{構|かま}わない means "it doesn't matter if", "I don't mind".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ここで{座|すわ}==っても構いません==か。
+> Would it be okay if I sit here?
+> 
+> ==かまわない==よ。
+> I don't mind.

🔰 Grammar/Certainty.md

@@ -1,13 +1,39 @@
 # Certainty
 
-## Certain: に違いない
+## Certain
 
-に{違|ちが}いない means "I'm certain that".
+### に決まっている
+
+に{決|き}まっている means "certain that". It is casual.
 
 > [!info] Example
-> 私は{試験|しけん}を{合格|ごうかく}==に違いない==。
+> 私は{試験|しけん}を{合格|ごうかく}==に決まっている==。
 > I'm sure I'll pass the exam.
 
+### に違いない
+
+に{違|ちが}いない means "certain that". It is polite.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {絶対|ぜったい}に来る==に違いない==。
+> He's definitely coming.
+
+### に相違ない
+
+に{相|そう}{違|い}ない means "certain that". It is very formal.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 彼女は{必|かなら}ず{悲|かな}しい==に相違ない==。
+> I'm certain that she's sad.
+
+## Uncertain: というものではない
+
+Means "there is no guarantee that", "not necessarily".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {高|}い{商品|しょうひん}を{買|か}って{良質|りょうしつ}==というものではない==。
+> Buying a product that is expensive does not guarantee that it is of good quality.
+
 ## Not always: とは限らない
 
 <div class="usage">
@@ -39,21 +65,22 @@
 	<p class="right">+ わけがない</p>
 </div>
 
-Means that there is no way, "impossible". 🛠 nuance?
+Means that there is no way, "impossible". The nuance is that the way of doing is unknown, thus impossible for the subject. But someone else might know.
+It can also mean that the will to do is not present, especially with する.
 
 > [!info] Example
-> {全部|ぜんぶ}食べられる==わけがない==よ！
+> もうこんな時間。帰り==わけがない==。
-> It is impossible to eat it all!
+> It's already this late. I have no way to go back home (I don't know how).
 
 ### ようがない・ようもない
 
-~{様|よう}がない means that there is no way, "impossible". 🛠 nuance?
+~{様|よう}がない means that there is no way, "impossible".
 Works by removing ~ます from a verb and adding ようがない・ようもない.
-🛠 difference between ようがない and ようもない?
+The nuance it that it is impossible in general. With する, it can mean the same as わけがない, i.e. "I don't know how to".
 
-> [!info] Example
+> [!info] Example 
-> もうこんな時間。帰り==ようがない==。
+> {全部|ぜんぶ}食べられる==ようがない==よ！
-> It's already this late. I have no way to go back home.
+> It is impossible to eat it all!
 
 ### まさか
 
@@ -62,14 +89,3 @@ Usually at the start of a sentence, expresses surprise, about something that see
 > [!info] Example
 > ==まさか=={僕|ぼく}たちのチームが{負|ま}けた。
 > I cannot believe our team lost.
-
-
-
-
-# TODO
-
-## こそ
-
-for sure (emphasize preceding word); precisely; definitely ~
-
-https://jlptsensei.com/learn-japanese-grammar/%e3%81%93%e3%81%9d-koso-meaning/

🔰 Grammar/Combination actions.md

@@ -114,20 +114,6 @@ It focuses on the end of the action rather than the process.
 > マラソンの{全部|ぜんぶ}を{走|はし}り==通した==。
 > He ran through the whole marathon.
 
-## ～込む
-🛠
-~{込|こ}む has 
-
-> [!info] Example
-> 
-
-to do something for a long time or to move something inside
-
-https://jlptsensei.com/learn-japanese-grammar/%e8%be%bc%e3%82%80-%e3%81%93%e3%82%80-komu-meaning/
-https://www.tofugu.com/japanese/komu-compound-verbs/
-https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=31xnxSFUCiw
-https://www.reddit.com/r/LearnJapanese/comments/12b4dtj/%E8%BE%BC%E3%82%80_n3_grammar_what_even_is_this/
-
 ## ～直す
 
 ~{直|なお}す means to do something again.
@@ -143,3 +129,82 @@ https://www.reddit.com/r/LearnJapanese/comments/12b4dtj/%E8%BE%BC%E3%82%80_n3_gr
 > [!info] Example
 > この１３時間{飛行|ひこう}で{座|すわ}り==っぱなし==でした。
 > I sat the entire time on this 13 hours flight.
+
+## ~かねる
+
+~かねる means "unable to do", due to an external circumstance. It is polite.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ごめんなさい、それをでき==かねます==。
+> I'm sorry, I cannot do that.
+
+## ~っこない
+
+~っこない means that something is not possible.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {全然|ぜんぜん}{勉強|べんきょう}しなかった。。。{合格|ごうかく}し==っこない==よ。
+> I did not study at all... There's no way I'll pass.
+
+## ~抜く
+
+~{抜|ぬ}く means to do something to the end, or completely. The nuance is that someone tried hard and has made an effort to achieve this result.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> それは{毎日|まいにち}やり==抜く=={無理|むり}ですよ。
+> You cannot do this every day.
+
+## ~給え
+
+~{給|たま}え is used for a light order. It is used by someone of higher rank to someone of lower rank.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ここに{座|すわ}り==給え==。
+> Seat here.
+
+## ~つつ(も)
+
+~つつ means that something happens at the same time as another action. Adding も adds the meaning of "even": "even while doing".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 食べ==つつ==、飲みましょう。
+> While eating, let's drink.
+
+## ~つつある
+
+~つつある means that something is in an ongoing process or action, in a similar manner as てくる.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {雪|ゆき}が{降|ふ}り==つつある==。
+> It is snowing.
+
+## ～込む
+
+~{込|こ}む has multiple meanings depending on the verb. Sometimes it is idiomatic and so it cannot exactly be guessed. However, there are some broad categories.
+
+⚠ Depending on the context, verbs can fall into multiple categories!
+
+### Going into
+
+* If the verb describes a movement, adding 込む add the meaning of "into" (jumping => jumping into).
+* If the verb already has a notion of "into", it put emphasis into it. It could have a meaning like "completely into".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {海|うみ}に{飛|とび}び==込んだ==。
+> He jumped into the ocean.
+
+### Emphasis
+
+When the verb does not include physical movement, 込む can be used to put emphasis on certain verbs (deeply, a lot, etc).
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {猫|ねこ}が{眠|ねむ}り==込んでいます==。
+> The cat is fast asleep.
+
+### Repetition
+
+The last common meaning is for an action that is repeated until a point is reached. It can also be an action that is done for a long time.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {毎朝|まいあさ}5キロ{走|かし}り==込む==。
+> Every morning I go for a 5km run (emphasis on the fact that it is a long run).

🔰 Grammar/Comparison.md

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 ## より
 
-With the following pattern, it means that A is "more" Adj "than" B.
+With the following pattern, it means that A is "more" something "than" B.
 
 <div class="usage">
 	<p class="r">AはB +</p>
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@ With the following pattern, it means that A is "more" Adj "than" B.
 > 電車は車==より=={速|はや}いです。
 > Trains are faster than cars.
 
+Do not confuse with [[🔰 Particles (2)#より]].
+
 ## より(も)
 
 <div class="usage">
@@ -109,7 +111,7 @@ Used with nouns.
 </div>
 
 Means that the extent has not been reached, so it is not as much.
-See also [[Amount#ほど]].
+See also [[Amounts#ほど]].
 
 > [!info] Example
 > {韓国|かんこく}==ほど=={辛|から}いの食べ{物|もの}は==ない==。
@@ -117,3 +119,28 @@ See also [[Amount#ほど]].
 > 
 > {中国|ちゅうごく}{料理|りょうり}は{韓国|かんこく}{料理|りょうり}==ほど=={辛|から}く==ない==です。
 > Korean food is spicier than Chinese food.
+
+## ならまだしも
+
+Means that A is okay, but B is not. "Rather", "instead".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {寒|さむ}いだけ==ならまだしも==、{雨|あめ}が{降|ふ}ているから行きたくない。
+> It would be fine if it was just cold, but since it's raining I don't want to go.
+
+## に限る
+
+に{限|かぎ}る means "the best is".
+Used with verbs and nouns.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> パンなら、フランス==に限る==。
+> Bread is best in France.
+
+## に越したことはない
+
+に{越|こし}したことはない means "there's nothing better than...". Implies that it is nice to reach it.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {健康|けんこう}のために{早|はや}く{寝|ね}る==に越したことはない==。
+> For your health, it's best to go to bed early.

🔰 Grammar/Connectors - even if.md

@@ -1,148 +0,0 @@
-# Connectors: even if, even though
-
-## のに
-
-Means "although", "even tough".
-See [[Connectors#のに#Even tough]].
-
-## それでも
-
-Means "but still", "even so", "anyway".
-
-> [!info] Example
-> 雨が{降|ふ}っていた、==それでも==出かけていた。
-> It was raining, but I still went out.
-
-## くせに
-
-<div class="usage">
-<div class="left">
-	<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
-	<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
-	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な</span></p>
-	<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
-</div>
-	<p class="right">+ くせに</p>
-</div>
-
-Means "despite", "even tough". Has a negative connotation.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> {掃除|そうじ}すると言った==くせに==、まだ{汚|きたな}いよ。
-> You said you would clean it up, but it's still dirty.
-
-## として
-as; in the role of ~
-
-https://jlptsensei.com/learn-japanese-grammar/%e3%81%a8%e3%81%97%e3%81%a6-toshite-meaning/
-https://bunpro.jp/grammar_points/%E3%81%A8%E3%81%97%E3%81%A6
-
-## にしては
-
-Means "considering". The nuance is that 
-Used with verbs and nouns.
-
-> [!info] Example
->
-
-for; considering it’s (something or someone)
-
-https://jlptsensei.com/learn-japanese-grammar/%e3%81%ab%e3%81%97%e3%81%a6%e3%81%af-ni-shite-wa-meaning/
-https://bunpro.jp/grammar_points/%E3%81%AB%E3%81%97%E3%81%A6%E3%81%AF
-
-## にしても
-
-Means "even if", "even though".
-🛠 nuance?
-
-> [!info] Example
-> それ==にしても==、{気|き}を{付|つ}けてくください。
-> Still, please be careful.
-
-## さえ (nouns)
-
-🛠🛠🛠🛠🛠🛠🛠🛠🛠🛠🛠
-Means "even".
-Can be emphasized by used でさえ, and reemphasized with でさえも.
-Used with a noun.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> 
-
-## さえ (verbs)
-
-🛠🛠🛠🛠🛠🛠🛠🛠🛠🛠🛠
-even; so much as; not even
-
-https://jlptsensei.com/learn-japanese-grammar/%e3%81%95%e3%81%88-sae-%e3%81%a7%e3%81%95%e3%81%88%e3%82%82-meaning/
-https://bunpro.jp/grammar_points/%E3%81%95%E3%81%88
-
-## たとえ～ても
-
-<div class="usage">
-	<p class="iright">たとえ + </p>
-<div class="ileft">
-	<p><span class="box">V (て)</span></p>
-	<p><span class="box">い-Adj <strike>い</strike> くても</span></p>
-	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + でも</span></p>
-	<p><span class="box">N + でも</span></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-
-Means "even if X is the case". Used to present possibilities.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> ==たとえ=={疲|つか}れ==ても==、もうちょっと{起|お}きている。
-> Even if I'm tired, I'll stay up a little longer.
-
-## たって
-
-<div class="usage">
-<div class="left">
-	<p><span class="box">V (た)</span></p>
-	<p><span class="box">い-Adj <strike>い</strike> くた</span></p>
-	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + だ</span></p>
-	<p><span class="box">N + だ</span></p>
-</div>
-	<p class="right">+ って</p>
-</div>
-
-Means "even if", "even though".
-🛠 nuance?
-
-> [!info] Example
-> {今|いま}で行==ったって==、{間|ま}に{合|あ}わない。
-> Even if you go now, you won't make it in time.
-
-## ても始まらない
-
-ても{始|はじ}まらない means "there's no point, even if you..."
-Used with a verb in て form.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> もう{遅|おく}れているから、行==っても始まらない==。
-> I'm already late, so it's no use going now.
-
-## ところが
-
-<div class="usage">
-<div class="">
-	<p><span class="box">expectation</span></p>
-</div>
-	<p class="r"> + ところが + </p>
-<div class="">
-	<p><span class="box">result</span></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-
-Means "however", "even though".
-It is used to talk about an unexpected result, that is contradictory to the precedent statement.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> {自転車|じてんしゃ}の{乗|の}り{方|かた}を{忘|わす}れるはありえないと{思|おも}っていた。==ところが==すっかり{忘|わす}れた。
-> I thought it was impossible to forget how to ride a bike. However, I completely forgot.
-
-## Summing up
-
-🛠 To do.
-See also [[TeF (4) - even if]].

🔰 Grammar/Connectors - in order to.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# In order to
+# Connectors: in order to
 
 ## のに
 
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ See [[Connectors#のに#In order to]].
 
 <div class="usage">
 <div class="left">
-	<p><span class="box">V (ない)</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
 	<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
 	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な</span></p>
 	<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ See [[Connectors#のに#In order to]].
 	<p class="right">+ ため(に)</p>
 </div>
 
-Means "in order to".
+Means "in order to". Mostly used in writing, rarely used with negative.
 
 > [!info] Examples
 > {面接|めんせつ}の==ために==ヒゲを{剃|そ}らなきゃ。
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ Can also mean "as a result of". Verbs are generally used in past tense.
 
 ## には
 
-Means "in order to", "for", "to".
+Means "in order to", "for", "to". Implies a implicit second part (in order to A... but not B).
 Used with verbs and nouns.
 
 > [!info] Examples
@@ -46,16 +46,18 @@ Can also mean "as for", "regarding".
 
 ## ように
 
-Means "in order to".
+Means "in order to". Implies that an effort is made or a goal to obtain. There is generally will implied.
 Used with verbs.
 
 > [!info] Examples
-> {泳|およ}ぐ==ように==、{水着|みずぎ}を{持|も}ってください。
+> １００メートルを{泳|およ}げる==ように==、毎週練習しなきゃ。
-> Bring your swimsuit in order to swim.
+> In order to swim 100m, I have to train every week.
 
 ## Summing up
 
-🛠 Todo!
+* ==のに== and ==ために== have the same meaning, but ために is usually more written than のに.
+* ==には== implies an implicit second part.
+* ==ように== implies an effort or an objective.
 
 ## てはいけないから・とはいけないから
 
@@ -65,25 +67,3 @@ Used with both a verb in て-form, and a verb in dictionary (る) with いけな
 > [!info] Examples
 > {遅|おく}れる==とはいけないから==、ちょっと{急|いそ}いでください。
 > In order not to be late, please hurry up a bit.
-
-
-
-
-🛠🛠🛠🛠🛠🛠🛠🛠🛠🛠
-this should probably not be here
-
-## 上で
-
-<div class="usage">
-<div class="left">
-	<p><span class="box">V (た)</span></p>
-	<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
-</div>
-	<p class="right">+ 上で</p>
-</div>
-
-{上|うえ}で means "after", "upon". Shows a logical progression. Mostly used in formal situations.
-
-> [!info] Examples
-> {面接|めんせつ}の==上で==、{連絡|れんらく}します。
-> We will contact you after the interview.

🔰 Grammar/Connectors.md

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ Used with nouns and verbs.
 	<p class="right">+ のに</p>
 </div>
 
-The first meaning is "although", "even tough".
+The first meaning is "although", "even tough". Cannot be an hypothesis, must be a confirmed fact. This, it works with past tense.
 
 > [!info] Example
 > 食べたばかり==なのに==、まだお{腹|なか}が{空|す}いた。
@@ -58,6 +58,22 @@ Used to introduce a new topic of conversation. Translates to "by the way".
 > ==ところで==、車の{修理|しゅうり}はどう。
 > By the way, how are the repairs for your car?
 
+## By the way: ちなみに
+
+Used to provide a new information on the current topic of conversation. Translates to "by the way".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {駅|えき}に行くつもりです。==ちなみに==、駅の{前|まえ}には{新|あたら}しいレストランが{開|あけた}けたと言われた。
+> I'm going to the train station. By the way, I heard that a new restaurant has opened in front of the station.
+
+## Come to think of it: そう言えば
+
+Used to talk about a topic connected to the previous one, as something that is remembered.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ==そういえば==、{今日|きょう}の{試験|しけん}はどうだったか。
+> Come to think of it, how was today's exam?
+
 ## Certainly: 確かに
 
 {確|たし}かに means "surely", "certainly".
@@ -65,3 +81,6 @@ Used to introduce a new topic of conversation. Translates to "by the way".
 > [!info] Example
 > この{歌|うた}は==確かに=={面白|おも|しろ}そうだ。
 > This song certainly sounds interesting.
+
+
+

🔰 Grammar/Consequence.md

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+# Consequence
+
+## に関わる
+
+に{関|かか}わる means "to affect", "to be involved". Used with nouns that express something influential.
+Used with nouns.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {命|いのち}==に関わる=={事故|じこ}がありました。
+> There was a life-threatening incident.
+
+## がきっかけで・をきっかけに
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V + の・こと</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ がきっかけで・をきっかけに</p>
+</div>
+
+Means "to take advantage of", "because of", "as an opportunity to". It is a common form.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {彼女|かのじょ}と{出会|であ}ったの==がきっかけで==、ポップ{音楽|おんがく}が{好|す}き{始|はじ}まった。
+> After meeting her, I started liking pop music.
+
+## を契機に 
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V + の・こと</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ を契機に</p>
+</div>
+
+を{契機|けいき}に means "lead to", "as a result of", "as a good opportunity to". It is used for an important change, in formal situations.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {戦争|せんそう}==を契機に==、{人々|ひとびと}は{家|いえ}を{失|うしな}った。
+> As a result of the war, people lost their homes.
+
+## そうすると
+
+Means "having done that". Used for something where there is no control, or to confirm an information.
+Used at the beginning of a phrase.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ゆっくり{食|た}べてみて。==そうすると==、おいしくなる。
+> Try eating slower. Doing that, it will taste better.
+
+## 甲斐がある
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V (た)</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">V (ます)</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ かいがある</p>
+</div>
+
+{甲斐|かい}がある means "to be worth". 甲斐がない means "to not be worth".
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> １００{点|てん}{持|も}ったから{朝|あさ}まで{勉強|べんきょう}した==かいがあった==。
+> I got 100 points, so it was worth it studying until morning.

🔰 Grammar/Considering - for - as.md

@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+# Considering - for - as
+
+## としては
+
+Means "as", "in the role of". The と particle implies a result.
+Used with nouns.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 彼はカメラマン==としては==いい{仕事|しごと}をする。
+> As a cameraman, he does a good job.
+
+## にしては
+
+Means "considering", "for". The に particle implies a simultaneous existence.
+The difference with としては resides in the fact that this is used to make a contrast between the general image associated with something and what we're describing.
+Used with verbs and nouns.
+
+> [!info] Example 
+> このカバンは安い==にしては==悪くない。
+> This bag might be cheap, it is not bad.
+
+## としても
+
+Means "assuming", "even if". It has the same meaning as [[TeF (4) - even if#Even if ても・でも]], but bolder.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 私==としても==出来ます。
+> I can do it as well.
+
+## にしても
+
+Means "even if", "even though". It has the same meaning as [[🔰 Particles (1)#も]], but bolder. In some rare written cases, it has the same meaning as としても.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> フランス{語|ご}==にしても=={英語|えいご}==にしても=={彼|かれ}はとても{上手|じょうず}です。
+> He is very good at both French and English.
+
+## "As": Gradual change
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V + (の)</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + だ</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ につれて・にしたがって・と共に・に伴って</p>
+</div>
+
+The four following forms have the same meaning of a gradual change:
+* につれて
+* にしたがって
+* と{共|とも}に
+* に{伴|とも}って
+
+It means that when when the first part of the sentence changes, the second part changes gradually as well.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {年|とし}をとる==につれて=={髪|かみ}を{抜|ぬ}けます。
+> As we get older, we lose hair.
+
+This example works with all forms.
+
+### につれて and にしたがって
+
+In both forms, the change is natural, and is not an intentional change. When the verb expresses gradual change, both can be used.
+につれて is more common and more used for personal actions.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {冬|ふゆ}が{地|ちか}づく==にしたがって・につれて=={気温|きおん}が{下|さ}がってきた。
+> As winter approaches, the temperatures have lowered.
+
+### にしたがって
+
+This form also has the meaning of "in accordance to". It doesn't express change. It is possible to talk about intention.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {歯医者|はいしゃ}==にしたがって=={毎日|まいにち}２{回|かい}{歯|は}を{磨|みが}く。
+> I brush my teeth twice a day as recommended by my dentist.
+
+### に伴って
+
+に{伴|ともな}って also has the meaning of a an instantaneous change: when the first part changes, the second part also changes instantly. The first part is the reason of it changing.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> オリンピックがある==に伴って=={交通費|こうつうひ}がねあが{値上|ねあ}がりしてしまった。
+> As the Olympics are held, transportations cost have increased.
+
+### と共に
+
+と{共|とも}に has 3 other meanings.
+
+#### Almost at the same time
+
+It is also used for two actions that happens at approximately the same time. The two actions do not have to be related. They also don't have to be specifically about change.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {鳥|とり}は{鳴|な}き{声|ごえ}をする==と共に=={風|かぜ}が{吹|ふ}く。
+> The bird sings and the wind blows.
+
+#### Together with
+
+It can also mean "together with". It is much more formal than {一緒|いっしょ}に.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {妻|つま}==と共に=={新|あたら}しい{人生|じんせい}を{始|はじ}めります。
+> I am starting a new life with my wife.
+
+#### As well as, also
+
+It can also mean "as well as", "also".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> パンはチーズ==と共に==フランスに{人気|にんき}{食料|しょくりょう}です。
+> Bread, along with cheese, is a popular food in France.

🔰 Grammar/Description.md

@@ -16,12 +16,22 @@ Means "named", "called".
 > {台風|たいふう}が来る==という==ニュース。
 > A news that a typhoon is coming.
 
+## いわゆる
+
+Means "called".
+Used with nouns.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> 彼は==いわゆる==オタクです。
+> He is what they call an otaku.
+
 ## と言ってもいい
 
 Means "you could say".
 
 > [!info] Examples
 > サッカーは{彼|かれ}の{得意|とくい}です。ほとんどサッカーのプロ==と言ってもいい==。
+> Soccer is his strong point. You could almost say he's a pro.
 
 ## がする
 
@@ -77,11 +87,13 @@ Means that something is "full of" or "covered with" something undesirable.
 
 <div class="usage">
 	<p class="iright">N + は + </p>
+<div class="ileft">
 <div class="left">
 	<p><span class="box">V + こと</span></p>
 	<p><span class="box">い-Adj + こと</span></p>
 	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な + こと</span></p>
 	<p><span class="box">N</span></p>
+</div>
 </div>
 	<p class="right">+ で有名</p>
 </div>

🔰 Grammar/Emphasis.md

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+# Emphasis
+
+## に限って
+
+に{限|かぎ}って means "particularly when", "only when".
+Used with nouns.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> このレストランは{金曜日|きんようび}==に限って==、{特別|とくべつ}な{食|た}べ{物|もの}を{作|つく}る。
+> This restaurant only makes special food on Fridays.
+
+## ことに
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ ことに</p>
+</div>
+
+Means "particularly", "especially". Used to describe and emphasize the speaker's feelings.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> こんなに{長|なが}い{間|あいだ}{彼|かれ}から{連絡|れんらく}があった==ことに=={驚|おどろ}きました。
+> I was surprised to hear from him after such a long time.
+
+## それなら
+
+Means "if that's the case". Highlights the previous statement.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {今週|こんしゅう}{忙|いそが}しいんでしょうか。==それなら==、{来週|らいしゅう}はどうですか。
+> You're busy this week, right? Then, what about the next one?
+
+## だって
+
+Means "even someone". It is informal.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> それはこども==だって=={知|し}っている。
+> Even kids know that.

🔰 Grammar/Exception.md

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+# Exception
+
+## は別として
+
+は{別|べつ}として means "aside from", "whether or not".
+Used with nouns.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {虫|むし}==は別として==、{今日|きょう}は{楽|たの}しかった。
+> Aside from the insects, today was fun.
+
+With verbs and adjectives, かどうか is placed before.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {勝|かつ}かどうか==は別として==、{試合|しあい}をやってみたい。
+> Whether we win or not, I want to play the game.
+
+## を除いて
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">N</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r">+ を除いて</p>
+</div>
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">N</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r">+ を除く + </p>
+	<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">N</span></p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+を{除|のぞ}いて means "except".
+Used with nouns.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 私==を除いて==、{皆|みな}さんが{合格|ごうかく}しました。
+> Everyone except me passed.

🔰 Grammar/Experience.md

@@ -7,3 +7,12 @@ Used with past verbs to talk about things experienced before.
 > [!info] Example
 > 日本に行==ったことがあるですか==。
 > Have you ever been to Japan?
+
+## に慣れる
+
+に{慣|な}れる means "to be used to".
+Used with nouns.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {自転車|じてんしゃ}{通勤|つうきん}==に慣れました==。
+> I got used to commute by bicycle.

🔰 Grammar/In addition.md

@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+# In addition
+
+## も～ば～も
+
+<div class="usage">
+	<p class="iright">N1 + も + </p>
+<div class="ileft">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V (ば)</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj <strike>い</strike> ければ</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + なら</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + なら</span></p>
+</div>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ N2 + も</p>
+</div>
+
+Means "also", "as well". Means that both N1 and N2 are true (and should share a connection).
+⚠ Despite using conditional form, it is not conditional in meaning.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {母|はは}はポルトガル{語|ご}==も==できれ==ば==スペイン{語|ご}==も=={話|はな}せる。
+> My mother can speak Portuguese as well as Spanish.
+
+## おまけに
+
+Means "in addition". Used for emphasis for similar qualities (positive, negative). Used orally.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {暑|あつ}くて==おまけに==エアコンが{壊|こわ}れてしまった。
+> It was hot, and to make matters worse, the air conditioning broke.
+
+## しかも
+
+Means "moreover", "what's more". Talks about a same subject, for objective information, implying that A and B exist at the same time. It is similar to おまけに, but used for writing.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> このレストランはとても{美味|おい}しいね。==しかも==、{安|やす}いよ！
+> This restaurant is delicious. What's more, it's cheap!
+
+## 上に
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ 上(に)</p>
+</div>
+
+{上|うえ}に means "and also", "in addition", "as well". Used with similar qualities (positive with positive, negative with negative).
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> この{家|いえ}は{狭|せま}い==上に=={家賃|やちん}は{高|たか}すぎる。
+> This house is small, and the rent is too expensive.
+
+## その上
+
+その{上|うえ} means "besides", "in addition". Means the same as 上に, but with two separate sentences.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> この{家|いえ}は{狭|せま}い。==その上==、{家賃|やちん}は{高|たか}すぎる。
+> This house is small. In addition, the rent is too expensive.
+
+## に加えて
+
+に{加|くわ}えて means "in addition to". It is formal, and often used in business settings.
+Used with nouns.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {今年|ことし}はピンポン==に加えて==バドミントンを{教|おし}えます。
+> This year, I'll be teaching badminton in addition to ping pong.
+
+## Not only, but also
+
+### はもちろん
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">N</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r">+ はもちろん + </p>
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">phrase</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r">+ も・さえ</p>
+</div>
+
+Means "not only but also", "not to mention". The most common form.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> このゲームセンターにはゲーム==はもちろん==ボウリング==も==あります。
+> This game center not only has games but also bowling.
+
+### はもとより
+
+Means "not only but also". Similar meaning than はもちろん. Conveys a sense of continuity. Used mostly in writing.
+Used with nouns.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {雪|ゆき}が{多|おお}いので、{電車|でんしゃ}==はもとより==タクシーもない。
+> There is so much snow that there are no trains, let alone taxis.

🔰 Grammar/Instead.md

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+# Instead
+
+## むしろ
+
+Means "instead" or "rather".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ==むしろ=={自転車|じてんしゃ}で行こうと思います。
+> I think I'd rather go by bike.
+
+## 代わりに
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ 代わりに</p>
+</div>
+
+{代|か}わりに means "instead of", "in exchange for". Generally used to talk about things.
+Does not have a notion of replacing in a temporal transition, more like a one off occurrence.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {今朝|けさ}{自転車|じてんしゃ}の==代わりに=={地下鉄|ちかてつ}で行きました。
+> I took the train this morning instead of biking.
+
+## にかわって・にかわり
+
+Means "instead of". Generally used about persons.
+Also has a notion of "taking over" as in replacing in a temporal transition.
+にかわり is more formal than にかわって.
+Used with nouns.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {私|わたし}==に代わって=={妹|いもうと}が{行|い}った。
+> My sister went in my behalf.

🔰 Grammar/Listing.md

@@ -47,6 +47,15 @@ This particles means "and" or "with". Used for a list that is exhaustive. Connec
 > フランス語==と==スペイン語を習っています。
 > I am learning French and Spanish.
 
+### 及び
+
+{及|およ}び means "and", like と. Used in formal settings.
+Used with nouns.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {試験|しけん}には{鉛筆|えんぴつ}==及び=={消|け}しゴムを{持|も}ってきてください。
+> Please bring a pencil and an eraser to the exam.
+
 ### て connecting
 
 Used for a list that is exhaustive. Connects verbs.
@@ -72,6 +81,15 @@ Used with nouns.
 > お金がないのでカフェ**や**レストラン==など=={払|はら}えない。
 > I can't pay things like cafes or restaurant (etc.) because I have no money.
 
+### といった
+
+Used to describe typical examples: "things as", "like", "such as". It is casual. It has the same meaning as など.
+Used with nouns.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> フランスとカナダ==といった=={国|くに}はフランス{語|ご}を{話|はな}す。
+> Countries such as France and Canada speak French.
+
 ### とか～とか
 
 Used for a list that is unexhaustive. Translates to "and", "among other things". More casual than や. Ending a sentence with とか can soften the meaning. Can also be used to quote someone.
@@ -127,29 +145,34 @@ It can be used to emphasize something when used at the end of a sentence.
 > 言ってない==し==！
 > I never said that!
 
+### やら~やら
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ やら + B + やら</p>
+</div>
+
+This form is unexhaustive and can be translated as "and", "among other things".
+It has 3 nuances:
+- Conveys a negative image
+- Among other things, in an unorganized manner
+- Conflicting feelings
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {今日|きょう}{電車|でんしゃ}がなかった==やら==、{車|くるま}が{壊|こわ}れた==やら==、{家|いえ}に{出|で}かけられませんでした。
+> There were no trains and my car broke down, so I couldn't go out.
+> 
+> {黒|くろ}い==やら=={白|しろ}い==やら=={着物|きもの}があります。
+> There are black and white kimonos (among other things).
+> 
+
 ## Summing up
 
 * ==や== means "and", and is formal. Can be completed by ==など== (= etc).
 * ==とか== also means "and", but is casual.
 * ==たり== means "or", "things like". Used to express possibilities.
 * ==し== means "and", but with an emphasis on a review.
-
-## And also
-
-### も～ば～も
-
-and; also; as well; either/or; neither/nor
-
-https://jlptsensei.com/learn-japanese-grammar/%e3%82%82%ef%bd%9e%e3%81%b0%ef%bd%9e%e3%82%82-mobamo-meaning/
-
-### 上に（うえに）
-
-as well; besides; in addition to; not only… but also ~
-
-https://jlptsensei.com/learn-japanese-grammar/%e4%b8%8a%e3%81%ab-ue-ni-meaning/
-
-### はもちろん
-
-not to mention; not only ... but also ~
-
-https://jlptsensei.com/learn-japanese-grammar/%e3%81%af%e3%82%82%e3%81%a1%e3%82%8d%e3%82%93-wa-mochiron-meaning/

🔰 Grammar/Means.md

@@ -65,3 +65,51 @@ Used with a noun.
 > 
 > 台風==により==、出かけられない。
 > Because of the typhoon, I cannot go out.
+
+## 次第で
+
+{次第|しだい}で means "depending on". The difference with によって is that the options are limited and quantifiable.
+Used with nouns.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {試験|しけん}の{結果|けっか}==次第で=={来年|らいねん}の{学校|がっこう}が{変|か}わります。
+> Depending on the results I get on this test, my school next year will not be the same.
+
+## とおりに
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">V (る・た)</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r">+ とおりに</p>
+</div>
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">N</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r">+ のとおりに・どおりに</p>
+</div>
+
+Means "just as", "precisely". Can be written as 通り.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {計画|けいかく}==どおり=={間|ま}に{合|あ}った。
+> We arrived on time as planned.
+
+## だけは
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">V (る)</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r">+ だけは + </p>
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box"> V (た)</span></p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+Means "to do all that one can".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {試験|しけん}のため{勉強|べんきょう}する==だけは=={勉強|べんきょう}した。
+> I studied as much as I could for the exam.

🔰 Grammar/Natural - expected.md

@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+# Natural, expected
+
+## 当然だ
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r">+ のは・のも + 当然だ</p>
+</div>
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r">+ のは・のも + 当然だ</p>
+</div>
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r">+ な + のは + 当然だ</p>
+</div>
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">N</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r">+ は・も + 当然だ</p>
+</div>
+
+{当然|とうぜん}だ means "it is only natural", "no wonder".
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {彼女|かのじょ}に{負|ま}けた==のは当然だ==、プロだから。
+> It's no wonder I lost to her, she's a pro.
+
+## のももっともだ
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V + のも・のは</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj + のも・のは</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な + のも・のは</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + も・は</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ もっともだ</p>
+</div>
+
+Means "no wonder", "is only natural".
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {超自然的|ちょうしぜんてき}があるから、その{話|はなし}は{信|しん}じられない==のはもっともだ==。
+> There's supernatural elements, so it's only natural that this story is hard to believe.
+
+## ものだ
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ ものだ・みんだ</p>
+</div>
+
+Means "normally" or "should". Used to describe conventions, common sense, or what is expected in the current situation.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {毎日|まいにち}２{回|かい}{歯|は}を{磨|みが}く==ものだ==。
+> You're supposed to brush your teeth twice a day.
+
+## だけのことはある
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ だけのことはある</p>
+</div>
+
+Means "as expected", "not surprising". Often used with [[Adverbs#さすが|さすが]] or やはり. Not used for negative outcomes.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {彼女|かのじょ}は{上手|じょうず}ですね。さすが{毎日|まいにち}{練習|れんしゅう}==だけのことはある==なあ。
+> She's very good. As expected from someone who trains everyday.
+
+## と考えられる
+
+と{考|かんが}えられる means "is thought to be", "can be considered as". Used to convey an objective or widely spread opinion, contrary to と思われる.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> タバコは{健康|けんこう}に{悪|わる}い==と考えられています==。
+> Tobacco is considered bad for one's health.
+
+## だけに
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ だけに</p>
+</div>
+
+Means "as one would expect", "it's only natural that". 
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {都市|とし}は{人口|じんこ}が{多|おお}い==だけに==、{地下鉄|ちかてつ}がある。
+> The city is so populous, so as one might expect, it has a subway.

🔰 Grammar/Obligation - must (not).md

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+# Obligation: なければ・ないと
+
+## Must
+
+### なくちゃ・なきゃ
+
+Only used on casual spoken conversations.
+This form is used with the negative form of a verb (ない), and adding なくちゃ and optionally one of the following ending: だめ, いけない, いけません, ならない, なりません.
+
+なくちゃ is the shortened form of なくては.
+なきゃ is the shortened form of なければ.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {歯|は}を{磨|みが}か==なくちゃいけない==。
+> I must brush my teeth.
+
+### なくては「いけない・ならない」
+
+Also formed with the negative form of a verb.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 今{遅|おそ}いね。{寝|ね}に行か==なくてはいけない==。
+> It's late now. I have to go to sleep.
+
+### なければ「いけない・ならない」
+
+Also formed with the negative form of a verb.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {事務所|じむしょ}では{静|しず}かにし==なければならない==。
+> You have to be quiet in the office.
+
+### ないといけない
+
+Also formed with the negative form of a verb.
+In casual contexts, can be shortened as ないと.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 今日は{勉強|べんきょう}し==ないといけない==。
+> I have to study today.
+
+## Must not
+
+#### 「ちゃ・じゃ」「だめ・いけない・いけません」
+
+Only used on casual spoken conversations. いけません is a bit more formal.
+This form is used with a V-て, depending on the ending:
+* with て, ちゃ is used.
+* with で, じゃ is used.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> その{花|はな}を食べ==ちゃだめ==。
+> Don't eat those flowers.
+> 
+> {花瓶|か|びん}の水を{飲|の}ん==じゃいけない==。
+> Don't drink the water of the flower vase.
+
+### てはいけない
+
+Used in a more formal or written manner. Used with a V-て.
+てはならない is a stronger form.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {鉄道|てつ|どう}に{歩|ある}い==てはいけません==。
+> Do not walk on the railroad.
+
+## Comparing いけない and ならない
+
+* ==いけない== is the standardly used form. It implies a subjective view, that it would be better to do something, to avoid negative consequences (eg: brushing one's teeth, eating well, etc).
+* ==ならない== is usually more formal or in written form. It implies a is more objective view, something that has to be done because there's no other way (eg: respecting the law, paying taxes, etc).
+
+## Comparing なくては, なければ and ないと
+
+なくては and なければ are generally interchangeable in speech. However:
+* ==なくては== is generally used when there is _no penalty_ for not complying.
+* ==なければ== is generally used when there _is a penalty_ for not complying.
+* ==ないと== is lighter and does not imply that there can or cannot be penalty. Its construction is based on the [[Conditional#と]] particle, and should be based on knowledge or experience.

🔰 Grammar/Obligation.md

@@ -26,63 +26,14 @@ Can be used as わけはいかない or わけにはいきません.
 > {本当|ほんとう}に飲み会に行く==わけにはいかない==よ。
 > There's really no way I can go to the afterwork.
 
-## ずにはいられない
+## なくてもいい
 
-Means "can't help but do something".
+Means "don't have to". Used with a verb in the negative form (ない), appending なくてもいい.
-Made with a verb in the negative form (ない) without the ない ending and adding ずにはいられない. 
+Can also be used as なくていい.
 
 > [!info] Example
-> {悲|かな}しいのでアイスクリーム食べ==ずには入れれない==。
+> 今日はレストランで{手伝|て|つ}わ==なくてもいい==。
-> I'm sad so I can't help but eat ice cream.
+> You don't have to help out at the restaurant today (it's okay if you don't help at the restaurant today).
-
-## Must
-
-### なくちゃ・なきゃ
-
-Only used on casual spoken conversations.
-This form is used with the negative form of a verb (ない), and adding なくちゃ and optionally one of the following ending: だめ, いけない, いけません, ならない, なりません.
-
-なくちゃ is the shortened form of なくては.
-なきゃ is the shortened form of なければ.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> {歯|は}を{磨|みが}か==なくちゃいけない==。
-> I must brush my teeth.
-
-### なくては「いけない・ならない」
-
-Also formed with the negative form of a verb.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> 今{遅|おそ}いね。{寝|ね}に行か==なくてはいけない==。
-> It's late now. I have to go to sleep.
-
-### なければ「いけない・ならない」
-
-Also formed with the negative form of a verb.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> {事務所|じむしょ}では{静|しず}かにし==なければならない==。
-> You have to be quiet in the office.
-
-### ないといけない
-
-Also formed with the negative form of a verb.
-In casual contexts, can be shortened as ないと.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> 今日は{勉強|べんきょう}し==ないといけない==。
-> I have to study today.
-
-## べきだ
-
-Means "should do", "must do".
-Used with verbs.
-する can be used as するべき or すべき.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> {来週|らいしゅう}{試験|しけん}があるので{勉強|べんきょう}す==べきです==。
-> There is an exam next week, so I should study.
 
 ## てからでないと
 
@@ -93,56 +44,66 @@ Used with a verb in て form, with からでないと or からでないけれ
 > {払|はら}==ってからでないと=={入|はい}るができること。
 > You can enter only after paying.
 
+## こと as "should do"
 
-🛠🛠🛠🛠
+### こと
-Todo: new notions!
 
-### Comparing いけない and ならない
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V (dictionary)</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">V (ない)</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ こと</p>
+</div>
 
-* ==いけない== is the standardly used form. It implies a subjective view, that it would be better to do something, to avoid negative consequences (eg: brushing one's teeth, eating well, etc).
+Means "should do". Mostly used to set rules.
-* ==ならない== is usually more formal or in written form. It implies a is more objective view, something that has to be done because there's no other way (eg: respecting the law, paying taxes, etc).
 
-### Comparing なくては, なければ and ないと
+> [!info] Example
+> ここに{車|くるま}を{止|と}めない==こと==です。
+> Don't park your car here.
 
-なくては and なければ are generally interchangeable in speech. However:
+### ことになっている
-* ==なくては== is generally used when there is _no penalty_ for not complying.
-* ==なければ== is generally used when there _is a penalty_ for not complying.
-* ==ないと== is lighter and does not imply that there can or cannot be penalty. Its construction is based on the [[Conditional#と]] particle, and should be based on knowledge or experience.
 
-## Must not
+This form is used to express rules or expectations.
-
+Used with dictionary (る) and negative (ない) form of verbs.
-#### 「ちゃ・じゃ」「だめ・いけない・いけません」
-
-Only used on casual spoken conversations. いけません is a bit more formal.
-This form is used with a V-て, depending on the ending:
-* with て, ちゃ is used.
-* with で, じゃ is used.
 
 > [!info] Examples
-> その{花|はな}を食べ==ちゃだめ==。
+> {指|ゆび}で食べない==ことになっている==。
-> Don't eat those flowers.
+> You're not supposed to eat with your fingers.
-> 
-> {花瓶|か|びん}の水を{飲|の}ん==じゃいけない==。
-> Don't drink the water of the flower vase.
 
-### てはいけない
+### ことはない
 
-Used in a more formal or written manner. Used with a V-て.
+This has two meanings:
+* it is not necessary to
+* it never happens
+
+Used with a verb in the dictionary form.
 
 > [!info] Example
-> {鉄道|てつ|どう}に{歩|ある}い==てはいけません==。
+> {走|はし}る==ことはない==。まだ{時間|じかん}がある。
-> Do not walk on the railroad.
+> There's no need to run. There's still time.
 
-### なくてもいい
+## 必ず
 
-Means "don't have to". Used with a verb in the negative form (ない), appending なくてもいい.
+{必|かなら}ず means certainly, definitely. Expresses an obligation.
-Can also be used as なくていい.
 
 > [!info] Example
-> 今日はレストランで{手伝|て|つ}わ==なくてもいい==。
+> 明日の{授業|じゅ|ぎょう}==必ず==来てください。
-> You don't have to help out at the restaurant today (it's okay if you don't help at the restaurant today).
+> Please be sure to attend tomorrow's class.
 
-## べきではない・べきじゃない
+## べき
+
+### べきだ
+
+Means "should do", "must do". Compared to the [[Obligation - なければ・ないと]] forms and 必ず, it has a nuance of being less universally logical. It is defined by the speaker's own logic.
+Used with verbs.
+する can be used as するべき or すべき.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {来週|らいしゅう}{試験|しけん}があるので{勉強|べんきょう}す==べきです==。
+> There is an exam next week, so I should study.
+
+### べきではない・べきじゃない
 
 The contrary of べきだ is べきではない・べきじゃない.
 
@@ -150,22 +111,23 @@ The contrary of べきだ is べきではない・べきじゃない.
 > {泥|どろ}を食べる==べきではない==。
 > You should not eat mud.
 
+## はずだ・はずがない
 
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ はずだ ・ はずがない</p>
+</div>
 
+はずだ means "it must/should be", while はずがない means "it cannot be". Has a nuance of being sure that it is something possible (or impossible).
 
-
+> [!info] Examples
-
+> {彼|かれ}は今日来る==はずだ==。
-
+> He should be coming today.
-
+> 
-# TODO
+> そんあ==はずがありません==。
-
+> This cannot be true.
-## ないと
-
-
-
-
-
-must do; unless/if you don't ~
-
-https://jlptsensei.com/learn-japanese-grammar/%e3%81%aa%e3%81%84%e3%81%a8-naito-meaning/
-https://bunpro.jp/grammar_points/%E3%81%AA%E3%81%84%E3%81%A8

🔰 Grammar/Observation - hearsay.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Observation - Hearsay
+# Observation: hearsay
 
 ## んだって
 
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ Similar in the quotation sense to [[Description#って・って言う・と言
 
 ## と聞いた
 
-Used for something you heard by someone identifiable: for example, you were told by someone.
+と{聞|きい}いた is used for something you heard by someone identifiable: for example, you were told by someone.
 Mostly used formally.
 
 > [!info] Example
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ Mostly used formally.
 
 ## と言われている
 
-Used when you heard something, but not from someone specifically identifiable: general knowledge, a rumour, etc.
+と{言|い}われている is used when you heard something, but not from someone specifically identifiable: general knowledge, a rumour, etc.
 For nouns, だ is placed before.
 Mostly used formally.
 
@@ -69,18 +69,39 @@ Can be used as ==ということだ== or ==とのことだ==. A more casual vers
 > {専門家|せん|もん|か}によると、{今年|ことし}の{夏|なつ}は{最高|さいこう}{暑|あつ}くなる==ということです==。
 > According to the experts, this summer will be the hottest ever.
 
-## Summing it up
+## Summing up
 
 * ==んだって== used for quotation, similar to って, when the information is new.
-* ==と聞いた== is used for something for something you heard from an identifiable speaker. Is mostly formal.
+* ==と聞いた== is used for something you heard from an identifiable speaker. Is mostly formal.
 * ==と言われている== is used for something for something you heard from an unspecified speaker. Is mostly formal.
 * ==そうだ== is used for hearsay and is casual.
 * ==ということだ== is used for hearsay, when the validity of the information is certain. More formal than そうだ.
 
-# TODO
+## によると・によれば
+ 
+Means "according to".
+Used with nouns. With verbs, ところ is added before.
 
-## によると /によれば
+> [!info] Examples
+> {天気予報|てんきよほう}==によると=={今日|きょう}は{雪|ゆき}が{降|ふ}るようだ。
+> According to the weather forecast, it's supposed to snow today.
 
-according to ~
+## とか(で)
 
-https://jlptsensei.com/learn-japanese-grammar/%e3%81%ab%e3%82%88%e3%82%8b%e3%81%a8-%e3%81%ab%e3%82%88%e3%82%8c%e3%81%b0-ni-yoru-to-ni-yoreba-meaning/
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + だ</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + だ</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ とか(で)</p>
+</div>
+
+Used to tell information heard via rumour. "I heard that..."
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {目黒|めぐろ}に{住|す}んでいる==とか==。
+> Apparently they live in Meguro.
+
+Do not confuse with [[Listing#とか～とか]].

🔰 Grammar/Observation - looking like.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Observation - Looking like
+# Observation: looking like
 
 ## よう
 
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ This has the meaning of like, easy to, _-ish_. Makes a direct comparison with ce
 > 今日、{君|きみ}はちょっと{病気|びょうき}==気味==です。
 > You look a bit sick today.
 
-## Summing it up
+## Summing up
 
 * ==ようだ== is a formal way to say that it looks like, usually from direct observation. Used for logical assumptions.
 * ==そうだ== is used for things that are on the more subjective side.
@@ -207,9 +207,43 @@ This is used (unlike other forms that can apply to abstract similarities) exclus
 > {彼女|かのじょ}はフランス人==に見える==。
 > She looks like she is French.
 
+## かのよう「だ・に・な」
 
+Means "as if", "just like".
+Use かのうようだ if it is ending the sentence, かのうように before a verb, かのような before a noun.
 
+> [!info] Examples
+> このゲームは{現実|げんじつ}==かのようだ==。
+> This game is just like reality.
 
+## どうやら
 
+Means "it seems like", used with notions like ようだ or らしい.
+Used at the beginning of a phrase.
 
+> [!info] Examples
+> ==どうやら=={離婚|りこん}したようだ。
+> Apparently they got divorced.
 
+## げ
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V <strike>ます</strike></span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">V な<strike>い</strike></span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">V た<strike>い</strike></span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj + <strike>い</strike></span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + <strike>な</strike></span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N (limited)</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ げ</p>
+</div>
+
+Means that something or someone looks like, appears to. Cannot be used for yourself.
+It is used in a similar manner as そう, but only to describe the feelings of someone.
+
+⚠ Irregular form: いい => よい => よさげ
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {新|あたら}しい{部長|ぶちょう}{不安|ふあん}==げ==です。
+> The new manager seems anxious.

🔰 Grammar/Observation - tendency - feelings.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Observation - Tendency & feelings
+# Observation: tendency & feelings
 
 ## がる・がっている
 

🔰 Grammar/Observation.md

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# Observation
+
+## ところを見ると
+
+ところを{見|み}ると means "judging from".
+Used with verbs.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> ヘルメットを{被|かぶ}ている==ところを見ると==、{自転車|じてんしゃ}で{来|き}ました。
+> Judging from the fact that he's wearing a helmet, he must have come by bicycle.
+
+## からすると・からすれば
+
+Means "judging from", "considering". 
+Used with nouns.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {服|ふく}を´{着|き}る==からすると==、{今日|きょう}は{面接|めんせつ}に{行|い}くでしょう。
+> Judging from the clothes you're wearing, I guess you're going to pass an interview today.

🔰 Grammar/Only - just.md

@@ -27,6 +27,14 @@ Can also be used as だけではなく.
 > この{都市|とし}は大きい==だけでなく==、きれいでもある。
 > This city is not only big, it's also pretty.
 
+## のみ
+
+It is a more formal, written version of だけ. It is only used with nouns.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> この{道|みち}は{歩行者|ほこうしゃ}==のみ==です。
+> This road is pedestrian only.
+
 ## きり
 
 <div class="usage">
@@ -37,27 +45,26 @@ Can also be used as だけではなく.
 	<p class="right">+ きり・っきり</p>
 </div>
 
+Used with verbs and nouns, it indicates a cutting off point.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {一人|ひとり}==きり==で{住|す}んでいます。
+> I live alone.
+
 Used with a noun, it means "only".
 
 > [!info] Example
 > このバスで{一度|いちど}==きり=={乗|の}った。
+> I only rode this bus once.
 
 Used with a verb, it means "since", "after", "even since".
 
 > [!info] Example
-> 
+> {彼|かれ}は{卒業|そつぎょう}した==きり=={見|み}なかった。
+> I haven't seen him since we graduated.
 
 Using it as っきり is more casual.
 
-
-
-only; just; since; after ~
-
-https://jlptsensei.com/learn-japanese-grammar/%e3%81%8d%e3%82%8a-kiri-meaning/
-https://japanesequizzes.com/all-about-japanese-particles-%E3%81%8D%E3%82%8A-kiri/
-https://bunpro.jp/grammar_points/%E3%81%8D%E3%82%8A
-https://yasuwangblog.com/kkiri-en/
-
 ## ばかり
 
 Means "only" or "nothing but", and can convey surprise or negative judgment depending on the context.
@@ -100,34 +107,51 @@ Used to say "only" with a negative meaning.
 </div>
 
 Means "not only A but also B".
+Can also be used as ばかりか, for a slightly stronger effect.
 
 > [!info] Examples
 > 彼女は{綺麗|きれい}==ばかりでなく=={天才|てんさい}もあるです。
 > She's not only beautiful, she's also a genius.
 
-## Summing it up
+## に限らず
 
-"Only" can be said with:
+に{限|かぎ}らず means "not only A, but also B".
-* ==だけ==
+Used with nouns.
-* ==きり==
-* ==ばかり==
 
-"Not only" can be said with:
+> [!info] Examples
-* ==だけでなく==
+> この{店|みせ}は{平日|へいじつ}==に限らず==、{週末|しゅうまつ}も{営業|えいぎょう}している。
-* ==ばかりでなく==
+> This store is open not only on weekdays but also on weekends.
 
-differences => https://cotoacademy.com/how-to-say-only-just-in-japanese-dake-shika-nai-bakari-whats-the-difference/
+## のみならず
 
-https://bunpro.jp/grammar_points/%E3%81%A0%E3%81%91%E3%81%97%E3%81%8B
+Means "not only, but also".
 
-https://www.reddit.com/r/Japaneselanguage/comments/1747tsd/difference_between_%E3%81%A0%E3%81%91_and_%E3%81%8D%E3%82%8A/
+> [!info] Examples
-
+> {彼|かれ}は{優|やさ}しくない{人|ひと}==のみならず==、{口|くち}も{悪|わる}い。
-
+> Not only is he not kind, but he's also bad mouthed.
-
-# TODO
 
 ## てばかりいる
 
-only; nothing but ~
+Means "only", "nothing but".
+Used with a verb in て form.
 
-https://jlptsensei.com/learn-japanese-grammar/%e3%81%a6%e3%81%b0%e3%81%8b%e3%82%8a%e3%81%84%e3%82%8b-te-bakari-iru-meaning/
+> [!info] Examples
+> {僕|ぼく}の{犬|いぬ}は{鳴|な}け==てばかりいる==。
+> My dog is always barking.
+
+## でしかない
+
+Means "nothing but" or "no more than". More often than not conveys a negative nuance.
+Used with nouns.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {彼|かれ}は{子供|こども}==でしかない==。
+> He nothing more than a child.
+
+## に過ぎない
+
+に{過|す}ぎない means "just", "no more than". Used for something that is not of great quality, quantity or level.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> 彼女はただ{初心者|しょしんしゃ}==に過ぎない==。
+> She's just a beginner.

🔰 Grammar/Opposition - although.md

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+# Opposition: although
+
+## 割に
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ 割に</p>
+</div>
+
+{割|わり}に means "considering A, B", "although".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> このマンションは{古|ふる}い==割に=={高|たか}いです。
+> This apartment is expensive considering how old it is.
+
+## ことは～が
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r">+ ことは + </p>
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r">+ が</p>
+</div>
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r">+ ことは + </p>
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r">+ が</p>
+</div>
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r">+ ことは + </p>
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r">+ が</p>
+</div>
+
+⚠ It must be the same verb or adjective at both end!
+
+Means "although".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {勉強|べんきょう}する==ことは==する==が==、まだ{下手|へた}です。
+> Although I study everyday, I'm still bad at it.
+
+## といっても
+
+Means "although". Puts a nuance to the first statement describing that it is not as much as imagined, and adds a complimentary information.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {彼|かれ}は{医者|いしゃ}==といっても==、あまり{頭|あたま}が{良|よ}くない。
+> He may be a doctor, but he is not very smart.
+
+## にも関わらず
+
+にも{関|かか}わらず means "regardless", "despite".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {危険|きけん}==にもかかわらず==、{彼|かれ}はまだそれをやった。
+> Despite the danger, he still did it.
+
+## ものの
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + である</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ ものの</p>
+</div>
+
+Means "although", "even though". It is formal. Similar to のに. The first part is positive, and the second one is negative.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {今日|きょう}は{晴|は}れた==ものの==とても{寒|さむ}い。
+> It is sunny today, but very cold.
+
+## もっとも
+
+Means "although", "but". Connects two phrases. Used in literature.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 帰国するつもりです。==もっとも==時間がある場合だけど。
+> I plan to return to my country. But only if I had the time...

🔰 Grammar/Opposition - but - however.md

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+# Opposition: but, however
+
+## が
+
+Between two sentences, it has the meaning of "but".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> この{建物|たてもの}は大きいです==が==、トイレは{一|ひと}つだけあります。
+> This building is huge but has only one toilet.
+
+## でも
+
+This is the basic way to say "but".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> コンビニに行きました。==でも==、何も買わなかった。
+> I went to the convenience store. But I didn't buy anything.
+
+⚠ Do not confuse with [[TeF (4) - even if#Even if ても・でも]].
+
+## しかし
+
+This is similar to でも, meaning "however", but usually more formal and most commonly found in written form.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {戦争|せん|そう}は{悪|わる}いこと。==しかし==、{人類|じん|るい}はいつも{戦|たたか}っています
+> War is bad. However, humanity is always fighting.
+
+## けど・けれども
+
+Means "but". Contrary to でも (which is more stand-alone), this links two clauses. The second clause can also be implicit and not said.
+けれども is more formal than けど. 
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {外|そと}は{暑|あつ}い==けど==行きたい。
+> It's hot outside but I'd still like to go.
+
+It can also be used to soften your assertion.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {明日|あした}に行きたい==けど==。
+> I'd like to go tomorrow... (but I don't want to cause any inconvenience).
+
+## 「ん・の」「だけど・ですけど」
+
+Means "but", "however". 
+の is more formal than ん, and ですけど is more formal than だけど.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {手伝|てつだ}いたい==んですけど=={暇|ひま}はない。
+> I'd like to help but I don't have time.

🔰 Grammar/Opposition - even if.md

@@ -0,0 +1,197 @@
+# Opposition: even if, even though
+
+## て-form: even if
+
+See [[TeF (4) - even if]].
+
+## 「と・に」しても
+
+See [[Considering - for - as#としても]].
+See [[Considering - for - as#にしても]].
+
+## たって
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V (た)</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj <strike>い</strike> くた</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + だ</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + だ</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ って</p>
+</div>
+
+Means "even if", "even though". It has the same meaning as [[#て-form even if]].
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {今|いま}で行==ったって==、{間|ま}に{合|あ}わない。
+> Even if you go now, you won't make it in time.
+
+## それでも
+
+Means "but still", "even so", "anyway".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 雨が{降|ふ}っていた、==それでも==出かけていた。
+> It was raining, but I still went out.
+
+## のに
+
+Means "although", "even tough". Cannot be an hypothesis, must be a confirmed fact. This, it works with past tense.
+See [[Connectors#のに#Even tough]].
+
+## くせに・くせして
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ くせに・くせして</p>
+</div>
+
+Means "despite", "even tough". Has a negative connotation when a situation is not what was expected. Regularly used to talk about characteristics. Like のに, cannot be an hypothesis.
+くせして is more familiar than くせに.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {掃除|そうじ}すると言った==くせに==、まだ{汚|きたな}いよ。
+> You said you would clean it up, but it's still dirty.
+> 
+> {子供|こども}の==くせに==、{数学|すうがく}が{得意|とくい}です。
+> Despite a child, he is good at math.
+
+## ながらも
+
+Means "even while", "despite". It is used to express that while something is one state, something else. Cannot be used for an hypothesis: it is something that is happening right now.
+See also [[Time - during#ながら]].
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {病気|びょうき}==ながらも==、パーティーに行くつもりです。
+> Although I am sick, I'm planning to go to party.
+
+## Summing up
+
+* ==ても==,  ==「と・に」しても==, ==たって== and ==それでも== have the same meaning. 
+	*  ==「と・に」しても== have a bolder meaning.
+	*  ==それでも== breaks up the phrase.
+* ==のに== cannot be used for conditional situations.
+* ==くせに== talks about disappointment or characteristics.
+* ==ながらも== talks about something happening right now.
+
+## たとえ～ても
+
+<div class="usage">
+	<p class="iright">たとえ + </p>
+<div class="ileft">
+	<p><span class="box">V (て)</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj <strike>い</strike> くても</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + でも</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + でも</span></p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+Means "even if X is the case". Used to present possibilities.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ==たとえ=={疲|つか}れ==ても==、もうちょっと{起|お}きている。
+> Even if I'm tired, I'll stay up a little longer.
+
+## ても始まらない
+
+ても{始|はじ}まらない means "there's no point, even if you..."
+Used with a verb in て form.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> もう{遅|おく}れているから、行==っても始まらない==。
+> I'm already late, so it's no use going now.
+
+## ところが
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">expectation</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r"> + ところが + </p>
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">result</span></p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+Means "however", "even though".
+It is used to talk about an unexpected result, that is contradictory to the precedent statement.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {自転車|じてんしゃ}の{乗|の}り{方|かた}を{忘|わす}れるはありえないと{思|おも}っていた。==ところが==すっかり{忘|わす}れた。
+> I thought it was impossible to forget how to ride a bike. However, I completely forgot.
+
+## からと言って
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + だ</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + だ</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ からといって</p>
+</div>
+
+からと{言|い}って means "just because", "even if".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {年上|としうえ}だ==からといって=={正|ただ}しいとは{限|かぎ}りません。
+> Just because you're older doesn't mean you're right.
+
+## ことにはならない
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V + (という)</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj + という</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + だという</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ ことにはならない</p>
+</div>
+
+Means "just because... doesn't mean that". Used at the end of a sentence.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {卒業|そつぎょう}だからといって今すぐ{就職|しゅうしょく}できます==ことにはならい==。
+> Just because you graduated doesn't mean you can get a job right away.
+
+## とも
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V (おう)</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">V (な<strike>い</strike>)く</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj + <strike>い</strike> + く</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ とも</p>
+</div>
+
+Means "even if", "no matter". Similar to ても ([[TeF (4) - even if]]). Used in writing.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {辛|から}く==とも==、{全部|ぜんぶ}{食|た}べるつもりであった。
+> Even if it was spicy, I planned to eat it all.
+
+## にせよ・にしろ
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + (である)</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ にせよ・にしろ</p>
+</div>
+
+Means "even if", "no matter". にせよ is more common in written form and にしろ is more common orally.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {好|す}きじゃない==にしろ==、{野菜|やさい}を{食|た}べる{方|ほう}がいい。
+> Even if you don't like it, you should eat your vegetables.

🔰 Grammar/Opposition.md

@@ -1,52 +1,5 @@
 # Opposition
 
-## が
-
-Between two sentences, it has the meaning of "but".
-
-> [!info] Example
-> この{建物|たてもの}は大きいです==が==、トイレは{一|ひと}つだけあります。
-> This building is huge but has only one toilet.
-
-## でも
-
-This is the basic way to say "but".
-
-> [!info] Example
-> コンビニに行きました。==でも==、何も買わなかった。
-> I went to the convenience store. But I didn't buy anything.
-
-## しかし
-
-This is similar to でも, meaning "however", but usually more formal and most commonly found in written form.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> {戦争|せん|そう}は{悪|わる}いこと。==しかし==、{人類|じん|るい}はいつも{戦|たたか}っています
-> War is bad. However, humanity is always fighting.
-
-## けど・けれども
-
-けれども is more formal than けど. Contrary to でも (which is more stand-alone), this links two clauses. The second clause can also be implicit and not said.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> {外|そと}は{暑|あつ}い==けど==行きたい。
-> It's hot outside but I'd still like to go.
-
-It can also be used to soften your assertion.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> {明日|あした}に行きたい==けど==。
-> I'd like to go tomorrow... (but I don't want to cause any inconvenience).
-
-## (ん・の)(だけど・ですけど)
-
-🛠 what is the nuance?
-
-but; however; although; regarding ~
-
-https://jlptsensei.com/learn-japanese-grammar/%e3%81%a0%e3%81%91%e3%81%a9-dakedo-meaning/
-https://bunpro.jp/grammar_points/%E3%82%93%E3%81%A0%E3%81%91%E3%81%A9-%E3%82%93%E3%81%A7%E3%81%99%E3%81%8C
-
 ## に反して
 
 に{反|はん}して means "contrary to". Opposes the first noun to the rest of the sentence.
@@ -55,47 +8,129 @@ https://bunpro.jp/grammar_points/%E3%82%93%E3%81%A0%E3%81%91%E3%81%A9-%E3%82%93%
 > {常識|じょうしき}==に反して==、彼は{勉強|べんきょう}しなかった。
 > Contrary to common sense, he did not study.
 
-## ながらも
+## に対して
 
-Means "even while", "despite". It is used to express that while something is one state, something else.
+に{対|たい}して.
-See also [[Time#ながら]].
+See [[Towards#In contrast to]].
+
+## 逆に
+
+{逆|ぎゃく}に means "on the contrary". Means that it is the opposite of something else.
 
 > [!info] Example
-> {病気|びょうき}==ながらも==、パーティーに行くつもりです。
+> {人|ひと}が{大体|だいたい}ウサギが{好|す}き==逆に=={彼|かれ}は{嫌|きら}い。
-> Although I am sick, I'm planning to go to party.
+> Most people like rabbits, but on the contrary he hates them.
 
-## 割に
+## かえって
+
+Means "on the contrary", "rather". Used for bad results, contrary to what was expected.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {薬|くすり}を{飲|の}んだら==却って=={調子|ちょうし}が{悪|わる}くなった。
+> Despite drinking medicine, on the contrary my condition got worse.
+
+## 反面
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な・である</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + である</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ 反面</p>
+</div>
+
+{反面|はんめん} means "on the other hand", "however". Has the same meaning as かえって.
+Also used between two phrases as その反面.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> スープはおいしい==反面==、ちょっと{冷|つめ}たい。
+> The soup is good but a bit cold.
+
+## 一方で
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + である</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + である</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ 一方(で)</p>
+</div>
+
+{一方|いっぽう}で means "on the other hand", "on another note".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> その{犬|いぬ}は{大|おお}きい==一方で==、とても{穏|おだ}やかと{親切|しんせつ}です。
+> The dog is big, but on the other hand he is very calm and kind.
+
+## に関わらず
+
+に{関|かか}わらず means "regardless", "no matter".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ここは{年齢|ねんれい}==に関わらず==、{誰|だれ}でも{歓迎|かんげい}します。
+> Everyone is welcome here, regardless of age.
+
+## を問わず
+
+を{問|と}わず means "regardless of".
+Used with nouns.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {年齢|ねんれい}==を問わず==、{誰|だれ}でも{歓迎|かんげい}する。
+> Everyone is welcome, regardless of age.
+
+## それなのに
+
+Means "and yet".
+Used to combine two sentences, appearing at the start of the second one.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {同僚|どうりょ}が{風邪|かぜ}をひいた。==それなのに==、{事務所|じむしょ}に{行|い}くつもりです。
+> My colleague has a cold. And yet, he plans to go to the office.
+
+## それにしても
+
+Means "even so", "nevertheless".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {毎日|まいにち}{頑張|がんば}る、==それにしても==まだ{下手|へた}です。
+> I try my best every day, but I'm still not very good.
+
+## はともかく
+
+Means "setting aside", "apart from". Can be completed by として.
+Used with nouns.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> この服は値段==はともかく==、完璧です。
+> These clothes are perfect, regardless of their price.
+
+## どころか
 
 <div class="usage">
 <div class="left">
 	<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
 	<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
 	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な</span></p>
-	<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N</span></p>
 </div>
-	<p class="right">+ 割に</p>
+	<p class="right">+ どころか</p>
 </div>
 
-{割|わり}に means "considering A, B".
+Means "far from", "anything but". Negates what comes before and emphases what comes after.
 
-> [!info] Example
+> [!info] Examples
-> 
+> {好|す}きな==どころか==、{事実|じじつ}は{嫌|きら}いだった。
+> Far from liking it, truth is that I hated it.
 
-considering ~; for ~; despite ~
+## どころではない
 
-https://jlptsensei.com/learn-japanese-grammar/%e5%89%b2%e3%81%ab-%e3%82%8f%e3%82%8a%e3%81%ab-wari-ni-meaning/
+Means "not the time for", "far from", "out of the question". Means that something is not ideal.
-https://bunpro.jp/grammar_points/%E3%82%8F%E3%82%8A%E3%81%AB
 
-
+> [!info] Examples
-🛠 check [[Connectors - even if]]
+> {今|いま}は{電車|でんしゃ}の{中|なか}だから、{歌|うた}う==どころではない==。
-lots of things are similar
+> We're on a train right now, so it's not the time to sing.
-
-
-
-# TODO
-
-## といっても
-
-although I say; although one might say ~
-
-https://jlptsensei.com/learn-japanese-grammar/%e3%81%a8%e3%81%84%e3%81%a3%e3%81%a6%e3%82%82-to-ittemo-meaning/

🔰 Grammar/Planning.md

@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ This form is stronger than つもり. For a same sentence, the nuance could be a
 > 来年日本へ行く==予定==です。
 > I'm planning to go to Japan next year (I have my tickets).
 
-## Summing it up
+## Summing up
 
 * ==ようとおもう== expresses a thought about doing.
 * ==つもり== expresses an intention.

🔰 Grammar/Point of view.md

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+# Point of view
+
+## にしたら・にすれば
+
+Means "from the point of view of", "from the perspective of".
+Used with nouns.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {観光客|かんこうきゃく}==にしたら==、その{食|た}べ{物|もの}は{多分|たぶん}{不思議|ふしぎ}すぎる。
+> For tourists, this food is probably too strange.
+
+## にとって
+
+Means "concerning", "regarding". Focuses on the standpoint of the preceding part. It is used for general opinions that are shared with the majority.
+Used with nouns.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 猫==にとって=={睡眠|すい|みん}は{大切|たいせつ}です。
+> Sleeping is important for cats.
+
+## の上で・上の
+
+の{上|うえ}で・{上|うえ}の means "according to", "from the point of view of". Used for rules, information, data, etc.
+Used with nouns.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {規則|きそく}==の上で==はタバコを{吸|す}うは{禁止|きんし}です。
+> According to the rules, smoking is prohibited.
+
+## 上: from the standpoint of
+
+Attached to a noun, {上|じょう} means "from the standpoint of".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {法律|ほうりつ}==上==、それは{禁止|きんし}です。
+> Legally, that is prohibited.
+
+## ものがある
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ ものがある</p>
+</div>
+
+Means "there is something". Used to express subjective opinion.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> この{車|くるま}には{怪|あや}しい==ものがある==。
+> There's something suspicious about this car.
+
+## から見ると
+
+から{見|み}ると means "from the point of view of", "by the look of". Used for objective judgment, based on a situation.
+Also used as から見れば, からみて or からみたら.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {先生|せんせい}==からみると==、{学生|がくせい}は{怠|なま}け{者|もの}すぎる。
+> From the teacher's point of view, the students are too lazy.
+
+## から言うと
+
+から{言|い}うと means "from the point of view of", "by the look of". Used for more subjective judgment, so cannot be used with people.
+Also used as から言えば or から言って.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {状況|じょうきょう}==から言うと==、{経済|けいざい}はよくない。
+> Given the situation, the economy is no good.

🔰 Grammar/Possibility - Obligation.md

@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
-# Possibility - obligation
-
-## はずだ・はずがない
-
-<div class="usage">
-<div class="left">
-	<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
-	<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
-	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な</span></p>
-	<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
-</div>
-	<p class="right">+ はずだ ・ はずがない</p>
-</div>
-
-はずだ means "it must/should be", while はずがない means "it cannot be".
-
-> [!info] Examples
-> {彼|かれ}は今日来る==はずだ==。
-> He should be coming today.
-> 
-> そんあ==はずがありません==。
-> This cannot be true.
-
-## 必ず
-
-{必|かなら}ず means certainly, definitely. Expresses an obligation.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> 明日の{授業|じゅ|ぎょう}==必ず==来てください。
-> Please be sure to attend tomorrow's class.

🔰 Grammar/Possibility - expectation.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Possibility - expectation
+# Possibility: expectation
 
 ## きっと
 

🔰 Grammar/Possibility - impossibility.md

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# Possibility: impossibility
+
+### とても～ない
+
+Means "cannot". This form implies a strong impossibility. Used with negative verbs, often in potential form.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {苦|にが}い{食|たべ}べ{物|もの}は==とても==食べられ==ない==。
+> I cannot eat bitter food.
+
+## ものか・もんか
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V (る)</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj </span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + な</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ ものか・もんか</p>
+</div>
+
+Means "there's no way it will happen", "absolutely not", "as if". Expresses disagreement or disbelief.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> こんなたくさん{家事|かじ}をする==ものか==。。。{無理|むり}です。
+> There's no way I could do so much housework... It's impossible.

🔰 Grammar/Possibility - no choice.md

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+# Possibility: no choice
+
+## しかない
+
+Means "have no choice but".
+Used with verbs in dictionary form.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {説明書|せつめいしょ}を{読|よ}む==しかない==な。
+> I guess I have no choice but to read to manual.
+
+## よりほかない・にほかならない
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r">+ よりほかない</p>
+</div>
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">N</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r">+ にほかならない</p>
+</div>
+
+Means "nothing but", "simply". This form puts more emphasis than しかない.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {携帯|けいたい}は{壊|こわ}れていったので、{新|あたら}しいのを{買|か}う==よりほかない==。
+> My phone broke, so I have no choice but to buy a new one.

🔰 Grammar/Possibility - options.md

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+# Possibility: options
+
+## でも
+
+Used to list one or more possible options.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ジュース==でも==お茶==でも==飲もうか。
+> Shall we drink something like a juice or tea?
+
+⚠ Do not confuse with [[TeF (4) - even if#Even if ても・でも|Even if: ても・でも]].
+
+## かどうか
+
+Means "whether or not". It is the most common form used.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 行きたい==かどうか=={分|わ}からない。
+> I'm not sure if I want to go or not.
+
+## か何か
+
+か{何|なに}か means "or something".
+Used with nouns.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ジュース==か何か=={飲|の}もうか。
+> Shall we drink something like a juice?
+
+## ようか~まいか
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">V (よう)</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r">+ か + </p>
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r">+ まいか</p>
+</div>
+
+Rules for the second verb:
+- **V-る**:
+	- dictionary (る) form + まい
+	- V (~~ます~~) + まい
+- **V-う**: dictionary (る) form + まい
+- **くる**: こまい・くるまい
+- **する**: しまい・すまい・するまい
+
+Means "whether or not". Used to consider options. Usually written, but common orally with the verb 言う.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {雨|あめ}だ。。。行こう==か==、行く==まいか==。。。
+> It's raining... Should I go or not...
+
+## か
+
+Means "or". Can be used when there is uncertainty between two or more choices.
+See [[Question#か]].
+
+## 又は
+
+{又|また}は can be used for two things:
+* choosing between two options ("or")
+* listing two options ("both")
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 日本語==又は==英語でしゃべれます。
+> I can speak both Japanese and English.
+
+## それとも
+
+This is used to give a choice between a limited set of two options. It is casual.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 何が食べたい。ラーメン==それとも==カレーか。
+> What do you want to eat? Ramen or curry?
+
+## あるいは
+
+Means "or", "perhaps". Mostly used in written form. Can be used orally, if the difference between the two options is large.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {月曜日|げつようび}は{暇|ひま}ですか。==あるいは=={水曜日|すいようび}。
+> Are you free on Monday? Or Wednesday?

🔰 Grammar/Possibility - wish.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Possibility - Wish
+# Possibility: wish
 
 ## ぜひ
 

🔰 Grammar/Possibility.md

@@ -1,13 +1,5 @@
 # Possibility
 
-## でも
-
-Used to list one or more possible options.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> ジュース==でも==お茶==でも==飲もうか。
-> Shall we drink something like a juice or tea?
-
 ## かもしれない
 
 Express a possibility, like "perhaps".
@@ -26,6 +18,30 @@ Can be used as もしかしたら, もしかすると and もしかして.
 > ==もしかして=={今日|きょう}も{郵便局員|ゆうびんきょくいん}が来ません==かもしれない==。
 > Perhaps the postman will not come today either.
 
+## かねない
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V (<strike>ます</strike>)</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + に</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ かねない</p>
+</div>
+
+Means "possibly", "might", "could be". Usually used for negative outcomes. Mostly used in written language.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> この{道|みち}は{危|あぶ}ないので{事故|じこ}が{起|お}き==かねない==。
+> This road is dangerous, so an accident might happen.
+
+## 恐らく
+
+{恐|おそ}らく means "probably", "perhaps". Placed at the beginning of a phrase. Implies a high probability.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ==恐らく=={彼女|かのじょ}は{今日|きょう}も{来|こ}ない。
+> She probably won't come today either.
+
 ## ことができる
 
 Means "can", "able to".
@@ -36,20 +52,12 @@ It has the same meaning as the potential form (see Conjugation [[Basics]]).
 > {英語|えいご}を{話|はな}す==ことが出来ない==。
 > I cannot speak English.
 
-## かどうか
-
-Means "whether or not". 
-
-> [!info] Example
-> 行きたい==かどうか=={分|わ}からない。
-> I'm not sure if I want to go or not.
-
 ## ないことはない
 
 <div class="usage">
 <div class="left">
 	<p><span class="box">V (ない)</span></p>
-	<p><span class="box">い-Adj <stroke>い</stroke> くない</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj <strike>い</strike> くない</span></p>
 	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + ではない</span></p>
 	<p><span class="box">N + ではない</span></p>
 </div>
@@ -62,52 +70,131 @@ Means "not impossible to", "it is not that". Used with negative forms.
 > 本を{読|よ}ま==ないことはない==ですが、{最近|さいきん}は{暇|ひま}がない。
 > It's not that I don't read books, it's just that I don't have free time these days.
 
-## か
+## 恐れがある
 
-Means "or". Can be used when there is uncertainty between two or more choices.
+<div class="usage">
-See [[Question#か]].
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V (る・ない)</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj </span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ 恐らくがある</p>
+</div>
 
-## 又は
+{恐|おそ}れがある means "there is a risk that". Used when something bad could happen.
-
-{又|また}は can be used for two things:
-* choosing between two options ("or")
-* listing two options ("both")
 
 > [!info] Example
-> 日本語==又は==英語でしゃべれます。
+> また{地震|じしん}の==恐らくがある==。{気|き}を{付|つ}けて。
-> I can speak both Japanese and English.
+> There will probably be another earthquake. Please be careful.
 
-## それとも
+## ようでは
 
-This is used to give a choice between a limited set of two options. It is casual.
+Means "if". Used when the result would be bad.
+Used with verbs.
 
 > [!info] Example
-> 何が食べたい。ラーメン==それとも==カレーか。
+> {化|ば}け{物|もの}が{来|く}る==ようでは==、あなたを{食|た}べちゃうよ。
-> What do you want to eat? Ramen or curry?
+> If a monster comes, it will eat you.
 
+## ものなら
 
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">V (potential れる)</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r">+ ものなら</p>
+</div>
 
+Means "if A were possible, then B". Implies that A is either impossible or unlikely.
 
-# TODO
+> [!info] Example
+> {合格|ごうかく}できる==ものなら==、{世界中|せかいじゅう}{一番|いちばん}うれしいなあ。
+> If I could pass, I would be the happiest in the world (but it is unlikely I'll pass).
 
-## じゃない
+## ないことには～ない
-maybe; most likely; confirmation of information; express surprise towards listener
 
-https://jlptsensei.com/learn-japanese-grammar/%e3%81%98%e3%82%83%e3%81%aa%e3%81%84-janai-meaning/
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V (ない)</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj (ない)</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + でない</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + である</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ ことには + </p>
+	<p class="box">V (ない)</p>
+</div>
 
-## か何か（かなにか）
+Means "unless you do something".
 
-or something ~
+> [!info] Examples
+> {運転|うんてん}{免許|めんきょ}を{持|も}った==ないことには=={運転|うんてん}できない。
+> You can't drive unless you have a driving licence.
 
-https://jlptsensei.com/learn-japanese-grammar/%e3%81%8b%e4%bd%95%e3%81%8b-ka-nani-ka-meaning/
+## にしろ~にしろ
 
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r">+ にしろ + </p>
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r">+ にしろ</p>
+</div>
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r">+ にしろ + </p>
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r">+ にしろ</p>
+</div>
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r">+ ことは + </p>
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r">+ にしろ</p>
+</div>
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">N</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r">+ ことは + </p>
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">N</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r">+ にしろ</p>
+</div>
 
+Means "whether... or". Can be used as にせろ~にせろ or にしても~にしても, which is more formal.
 
-## もしも～たら・なら・たなら
+> [!info] Example
+> {動物|どうぶつ}==にしろ=={植物|しょくぶつ}==にしろ==、その{物質|ぶっしつ}は{危険|きけん}です。
+> Whether animals or plants, the substance is dangerous.
 
-🛠🛠🛠🛠🛠
+## なくはない・なくもない
-もしも〜たら
-if; in the case; supposing ~
 
-https://jlptsensei.com/learn-japanese-grammar/%e3%82%82%e3%81%97%e3%82%82%e3%80%9c%e3%81%9f%e3%82%89-moshimo-tara-meaning/
+<div class="usage">
-https://bunpro.jp/grammar_points/%E3%82%82%E3%81%97%E3%82%82%EF%BD%9E%E3%81%AA%E3%82%89%E3%83%BB%E3%82%82%E3%81%97%E3%82%82%EF%BD%9E%E3%81%A7%E3%82%82
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V (なく<strike>て</strike>)</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj (く) + なく</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + では + なく</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + が・は・に + なく</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ はない・もない</p>
+</div>
+
+Means "it's not that".
+With potential form of verbs, means that something is possible, despite seeming not.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> やる{気|き}==がなくはない==、{時間|じかん}は{少|すく}ないです。
+> It's not that I don't have the will, I just don't have time.

🔰 Grammar/Question.md

@@ -17,6 +17,30 @@ It can also be used when there is uncertainty between two or more choices. It ca
 > 雨==か=={分|わ}かりません。
 > I don't know if it will rain.
 
+## かな・かしら
+
+Means "I wonder", "should I?". かな is a neutral form, while かしら sounds feminine.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> この{帽子|ぼうし}を{被|かぶ}ろう==かな==。
+> Should I wear this hat?
+
+## かい
+
+Using this particle, the sentences becomes a yes/no question. Very casual, masculine connotation.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 来るの==かい==。
+> Are you coming?
+
+## どうやって
+
+Means "how", "in what way".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> これを==どうやって==作れましたか。
+> How did you make this?
+
 ## Probably - right - isn't it?
 
 ### でしょう
@@ -65,26 +89,20 @@ This particle when added to the end of a sentence meaning "right?".
 * ==ではないか==・==じゃないか== invites or suggests an action.
 * ==ね== asks an agreement or a confirmation.
 
-## かな・かしら
+## ことか
 
-Means "I wonder", "should I?". かな is a neutral form, while かしら sounds feminine.
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + である</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ ことか</p>
+</div>
+
+Means "how" or "what". Used to describe an extent that is unusual or unbelievable. It is mostly used in written contexts, as it is a bit dramatic.
 
 > [!info] Example
-> この{帽子|ぼうし}を{被|かぶ}ろう==かな==。
+> フランスには、パン{屋|や}の{多|おお}さにどれほど{信|しん}じられない==ことか==。
-
+> It's incredible how many bakeries there are in France.
-## かい
-
-Using this particle, the sentences becomes a yes/no question. Very casual, masculine connotation.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> 来るの==かい==。
-> Are you coming?
-
-## どうやって
-
-Means "how", "in what way".
-
-> [!info] Example
-> これを==どうやって==作れましたか。
-> How did you make this?
-

🔰 Grammar/Reason.md

@@ -24,6 +24,24 @@ It is more objective than から: it expresses a situation that exists, and that
 See [[🔰 Particles (2)#Because]].
 It is more subjective than ので: it expresses more personal needs/actions/opinions.
 
+## ことから
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ ことから</p>
+</div>
+
+Means "based on the fact that". Most formal than から, and puts an emphasis on it being true (objective information).
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {部屋|へや}から{音|おと}がある==ことから==、{誰|だれ}かいるはずです。
+> From the fact that there is sound coming from the room, someone must be there.
+
 ## んです・のです
 
 <div class="usage">
@@ -91,66 +109,12 @@ Means "for that reason", "because of".
 See also [[Connectors - in order to#ために]].
 
 > [!info] Example
-> {丸い日|まるいにち}{働|はたら}いていた、==そのために=={今|いま}{寝|ね}に行きます。
+> {丸|まる}い{日|にち}{働|はたら}いていた、==そのために=={今|いま}{寝|ね}に行きます。
 > I worked the whole day. For that reason, I'm going to bed.
 > 
 > {日本|にほん}に行きたい。==そのために==、{日本語|にほんご}をちゃんと{勉強|べんきょう}しています。
 > I want to go to Japan. In order to do so, I'm studying seriously.
 
-## せいで
-
-<div class="usage">
-<div class="left">
-	<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
-	<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
-	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な</span></p>
-	<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
-</div>
-	<p class="right">+ せいで</p>
-</div>
-
-Means "because of". Mostly used for negative contexts, to blame, etc.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> あなたの==せいで=={負|ま}けた。
-> We lost because of you.
-
-## おかげで
-
-<div class="usage">
-<div class="left">
-	<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
-	<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
-	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な</span></p>
-	<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
-</div>
-	<p class="right">+ おかげで</p>
-</div>
-
-Means "because of". Used for positive contexts, like "thanks to".
-
-> [!info] Example
-> あなたの==おかげで=={勝|か}った。
-> We lost because of you.
-
-## というのは
-
-<div class="usage">
-<div class="">
-	<p><span class="box">phrase</span></p>
-</div>
-	<p class="r"> + というのは + </p>
-<div class="">
-	<p><span class="box">definition</span></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-
-Means "this means", "known as", "because".
-
-> [!info] Example
-> 「モバゲー」==というのは==モバイルゲームのことです。
-> "Mobage" stands for mobile game.
-
 ## わけだ・わけではない
 
 <div class="usage">
@@ -169,3 +133,186 @@ Means "this means", "known as", "because".
 > [!info] Example
 > {毎日|まいにち}{料理|りょうり}を{作|つく}るからうまくになった==わけだ==。
 > I got good at cooking because I cook every day.
+
+See also [[Certainty#わけがない]].
+
+## からこそ
+
+Means "precisely because". Made with the [[🔰 Particles (2)#Because|から]] and [[🔰 Particles (2)#こそ|こそ]] particles, to emphasize the reason.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {清潔|せいけつ}==だからこそ=={快適|かいてき}です。
+> It's precisely because it's clean that it is comfortable.
+
+⚠ Uses the same rules as [[🔰 Particles (2)#Because|から]].
+
+## ことだから
+
+Means "exactly because". Usually used to talk about something characteristic to someone.
+Used with nouns + の.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {彼女|かのじょ}==のことだから==、{必|かなら}ず{来|き}ます。
+> It's precisely because it's her that I'm sure she'll come.
+
+## につき
+
+Means "due to". Used when a change happens. It is formal.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {年次|ねんじ}{休業|きゅうぎょう}==につき==、セールが{開催|かいさい}{中|ちゅう}。
+> Due to the annual closure, a sale is being held.
+
+## もの・もん
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V (+ んだ)</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj (+ んだ)</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj (+ なんだ)</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N (+ なんだ)</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ もの・もん</p>
+</div>
+
+Means "because". It is usually casual.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {具合|ぐあい}が{悪|わる}い。。。{臭|くさ}い==んだもの==。
+> I don't feel well... because something stinks.
+
+## ものだから
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + な</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ ものだから・ものですから・もんだから</p>
+</div>
+
+Means "because". Used to emphasize what has been said before, the reason for something, explaining something, or giving an excuse.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {電車|でんしゃ}{事故|じこ}があった==ものだから==、{私|わたし}は{遅|おく}れてしまった。
+> There was a train accident, so I was late.
+
+## Positive
+
+### おかげで
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ おかげで</p>
+</div>
+
+Means "because of". Used for positive contexts, like "thanks to".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> あなたの==おかげで=={勝|か}った。
+> We won because of you.
+
+### だけあって
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ だけあって・だけのことはあって</p>
+</div>
+
+Means "being the case", "as expected", "precisely because". Only used for positive results.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {彼女|かのじょ}==だけあって==、{美|うつく}しい{服|ふく}を{着|き}た。
+> As expected of her, she wore beautiful clothes.
+
+## Negative
+
+### せいで
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ せいで</p>
+</div>
+
+Means "because of". Mostly used for negative contexts, to blame, etc.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> あなたの==せいで=={負|ま}けた。
+> We lost because of you.
+
+### ばかりに
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ ばかりに</p>
+</div>
+
+Means "simply because". Usually used for negative results.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {彼|かれ}はたった{一|ひと}つミスをした==ばかりに=={解雇|かいこ}されました。
+> He was fired after making only one mistake.
+
+## Since... it's obvious that...
+
+All three patterns mean "because A... obviously B". They have slight differences.
+Used when talking about things like decision, judgement, etc.
+
+### 上は
+
+{上|うえ}は is the most formal form.
+Used with verbs (る, た forms).
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {先生|せんせい}が{言|い}った==上は=={必|かなら}ずする。
+> Since the teacher said it, I will definitely do it.
+
+### 以上は
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + である</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + である</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ 以上は</p>
+</div>
+
+{以上|いじょう}は is formal.
+Only with this form, both parts of the sentence can talk about different persons.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {彼|かれ}がまだ{来|き}ません==以上は==、{今|いま}{帰|かえ}ります。
+> Since he still have not come, I'm going home now.
+
+### からには
+
+It is used in conversations. Can only be used for talking about oneself. Generally used for positive results.
+Used with verbs.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> お{金|かね}がある==からには==、いい{家|いえ}を{買|か}うつもりです。
+> Since I have money, I plan to buy a nice house.

🔰 Grammar/Request.md

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 ## てください
 
-It is a polite request that is translated as "please do". See Conjugation [[Basics]] ("command").
+It is a polite request that is translated as "please do".
 In casual speech, can be shortened to て.
 
 > [!info] Example
@@ -27,6 +27,8 @@ Means "is it alright if?", "may I?".
 > ここに{座|すわ}==てもいい==ですか。
 > May I sit here?
 
+A more polite way is [[Can't help - doesn't matter#ても構わない]].
+
 ## ないでください
 
 Means "please don't". It is a polite request. Removing the ください makes it more casual.
@@ -47,8 +49,17 @@ It is used with verbs by removing the ます and adding なさい. In casual con
 
 ## ように言う
 
+<div class="usage">
+	<p class="r">V +</p>
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">ように</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r">+ V 「言う・命じる・頼む・...」</p>
+</div>
+
 It means "to tell", "to request", "to order".
-It is form by added ように{言|い}う to a verb. The verb {頼|たの}む can be used for requests, while {命|めい}じる can be used for order. The verb {言|い}う can tell the three meanings depending on the tone.
+
+The verb {頼|たの}む can be used for requests, while {命|めい}じる can be used for order. The verb {言|い}う can tell the three meanings depending on the tone. Other similar verbs can be used ({注意|ちゅうい}する, {進|すす}む, etc).
 
 > [!info] Example
 > {子供|こども}にお{菓子|か|し}を食べない==ように言った==。

🔰 Grammar/State.md

@@ -73,6 +73,14 @@ Used with verbs that expresses change.
 > {禁煙|きんえん}の{場所|ばしょ}は{増|ふ}えている==一方です==。
 > The number of places where smoking is prohibited keeps increasing.
 
+## ばかりだ
+
+Means "to continue to", in a negative direction. Used with verbs in the dictionary form (る), that describe a form of change. Can also be used as ばっかり, ばっか, ばかし, and ばっかし instead of ばかり.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {病気|びょうき}は{悪|わる}くなる==ばかりです==。
+> The illness is only getting worse.
+
 ## 結果
 
 <div class="usage">

🔰 Grammar/Talking about.md

@@ -2,20 +2,41 @@
 
 ## と言えば・と言うと
 
-と{言|い}えば・と{言|い}うこと means "speaking of".
+と{言|い}えば・と{言|い}うと means "speaking of".
 
 > [!info] Example
 > 日本==と言えば==、富士山です。
 > Speaking of Japan, Mount Fuji comes to mind.
 
+## というのは
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">phrase</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r"> + というのは + </p>
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">definition</span></p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+Means "this means", "known as", "because".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 「モバゲー」==というのは==モバイルゲームのことです。
+> "Mobage" stands for mobile game.
+
 ## において・における
 
 Means "in", "at", "regarding".
-Used with nouns. Is used in formal language.
+Used with nouns. It is used in formal language.
 
 > [!info] Example
 > {冬|ふゆ}==において=={雪|ゆき}が{降|ふ}る。
 > Snow falls in winter.
+> 
+> 荒川==において=={花火|はなび}。
+> Fireworks held on Arakawa River.
 
 ## について
 
@@ -26,6 +47,38 @@ Used with nouns.
 > {面接|めんせつ}==について==はいつがよろしいでしょうか。
 > Regarding the interview, when would be a good time?
 
+## をめぐって
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">N</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r">+ をめぐって</p>
+</div>
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">N</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r">+ をめぐる +</p>
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">N</span></p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+Means "concerning", "in regard to". It has the same meaning as について.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 田中さん==をめぐって==、いろんな{噂|うわさ}がある。
+> There are many rumours concerning Tanaka-san.
+
+## というものだ
+
+Means "concerning", "something called". Used for explanations or morals.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> これはノートパソコン==というものだ==。
+> This is what we call a laptop.
+
 ## に関する・に関して
 
 に{関|かん}する・に{関|かん}して means "related to", "about". More formal than について.
@@ -43,6 +96,16 @@ Means "in other words". Used after a first phrase for an alternative explanation
 > この{映画|えいが}は１２０分、==つまり==２時です。
 > This movie is 120 minutes, that is to say 2 hours.
 
+## ということは
+
+Means "that is to say", "in other words". Used when the answer needs thinking. つまり is more direct.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> A: あの{人|ひと}はわたしの{父|ちち}の{妹|いもうと}んです。
+> B: ==ということは==、あなたのおばさんですね。
+> A: She's my father's sister.
+> B: That means she's your aunt, right.
+
 ## すなわち
 
 Means "in other words". More formal than つまり.
@@ -51,6 +114,14 @@ Means "in other words". More formal than つまり.
 > この{映画|えいが}は１２０分、==すなわち==２時です。
 > This movie is 120 minutes, that is to say 2 hours.
 
+## 要するに
+
+{要|よう}するに means "in summary". It is placed at the beginning of the sentence.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ==要するに==、新しい仕事に就きました。
+> In summary, I got a new job.
+
 ## にかけて
 
 Means "through", "concerning". It is used for something that happens over a period of time.
@@ -71,3 +142,56 @@ Used with nouns.
 > 
 > フランスの文化はパン==をはじめ==、ワインも{人気|にんき}です。
 > French culture is popular not only for bread, but also for wine.
+
+## なんか・なんて
+
+Means "such as", "things like". It is used to give examples or to show emphasis.
+なんか is more informal than なんて. Both are spoken form, while [[Listing#など]] is more written.
+なんて is used with all words, while なんか is used with nouns.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> iPod==なんか=={古|ふる}いな{物|もの}です。
+> Things like iPod are old.
+
+## 例えば
+
+{例|たと}えば means "for example".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {虫|むし}が{好|すき}きです。==例えば=={蝉|せみ}です。
+> I like insect. For example, cicadas.
+
+## ものだ・ものではない
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V (る・ない)</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj </span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ ものだ・ものではない</p>
+</div>
+
+ものだ is used when something is common knowledge, custom, etc. That it is something that is natural or expected.
+ものではない is used for something that is not expected.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {車|くるま}はいつも{高|たか}い==ものだ==。
+> Cars are always expensive.
+
+## というふうに
+
+Means "as if to say", "in such a way that", "like". Used to describe the manner in which something is done, give examples.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {彼|かれ}は{泥棒|どろぼう}==というふうに=={立|た}ち{去|さ}ってしました。
+> He departed like a thief.
+
+## ふうに
+
+Means "in the way of".
+Used after words like こんな, そんな, あんな, どんな and verbs.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> こんな==ふうに==はだめ！
+> Do not do it like this!

🔰 Grammar/Thanks.md

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# Thanks
+
+## せっかく
+
+Means "with trouble", "thank you for the trouble", etc.
+Used at the beginning of a phrase.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ==せっかく==ケーキを{持|も}てきてくれてありがとう。
+> Thank you for bringing the cake.
+
+## 幸い・幸いなことに
+
+{幸|さいわ}い・{幸|さいわ}いなことに means "luckily", "fortunately".
+Used at the beginning of a phrase.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ==幸い==、{一番|いちばん}{欲|ほ}しかったガシャポンが{手|て}に{入|い}れった。
+> Luckily, I got the gashapon I wanted the most.

🔰 Grammar/Time - close.md

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+# Time - close
+
+## ところ
+
+Means "just about to". Used when describing what we're about to do. Can also mean "just after something happened".
+Used by combining to a verb.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 今ご{飯|はん}を作る==ところ==です。
+> I'm about to make dinner.
+
+## かと思ったら
+
+かと{思|おも}ったら means "just when".
+Can also be used as かと思うと and かと思えば.
+Used with a verb in the past (た) form.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> スーパーに{行|い}った==かと思ったら==、{雪|ゆき}が{降|ふ}り{出|だ}した。
+> Just as I went to the supermarket, it started snowing.
+
+## か~ないかのうちに
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">V (る)</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r">+ か +</p>
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">V (ない)</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r">+ か + のちに</p>
+</div>
+
+か~ないかのうちに means "right after", "as soon as". It is formal.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {彼|かれ}は{電車|でんしゃ}が{駅|えき}に{着|つ}く==か=={着|つ}かない==かのうちに=={走|はし}り{始|はじ}めた。
+> He started running as soon as the train arrived at the station.
+
+## 次第
+
+{次第|しだい} means "as soon as". Made by removing the ます stem of a verb.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {食|たべ}べ==次第==、オフィスに行ってください。
+> As soon as you've eaten, please go to the office.
+
+With に at the end, it means "gradually".
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {彼|かれ}は==次第に=={上手|じょうず}になってきた。
+> He's gradually gotten better.
+
+## 直ちに
+
+{直|ただ}ちに means "immediately", "at once". 
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> ==直ちに=={出|で}かけなきゃ！
+> I need to get going right now!
+
+## ところに
+
+Means "at the time", "when", "while", "just as". Used with verbs in the ている form.
+Focuses on the scene or situation rather than the action.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> ばかばかしいことをしていた==ところに==、{先輩|せんぱい}{入|はい}りました。
+> While I was doing something stupid, my senior came in.
+
+## 一気に
+
+{一気|いっき}に means "at once", "all at once" and "instantly", "right away".
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> ==一気に=={全部|ぜんぶ}{食|た}べちゃった。
+> I ate it all in one go.
+> 
+> {彼|かれ}を{叱|しか}った{後|あと}で、==一気に=={止|や}めました。
+> After scolding him, he stopped right away.

🔰 Grammar/Time - during.md

@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+# Time: during
+
+## 間
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V (dictionary)</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ 間</p>
+</div>
+
+{間|あいだ} means "while" or "during". Used to express something that is done for the whole period of time.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 電車に{乗|の}っている==間==、ゲームをしてた。
+> While I was on the train, I was playing a game.
+
+Can also be used to talk about a distance between two physical places or the time between two things.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> １時から９じまでの==間==、{寝|ね}ます。
+> I sleep between 1AM and 9AM.
+
+## 間に
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V (casual, non-past)</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ 間に</p>
+</div>
+
+A first meaning is similar to {間|あいだ} (while), but with intentionality.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 電車に{乗|の}っている==間に==、本を読みました。
+> While I was on the train, I read a book.
+
+A second meaning is a statement of something that happened during a time period, independently of your actions.
+Contrary to 間, it doesn't include the whole time period. So 間に means that at a point during the time period, something happened.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {夜|よる}の==間に==、{隣|となり}の木が{落|お}ちていた。
+> During the night, the tree next door fell.
+
+## ながら
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">V-<strike>ます</strike></span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r"> + ながら + ...</p>
+</div>
+
+Means "while", "simultaneously". The difference with ついでに is that here the main action is the second one. Happens at the same time.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {歩|ある}き==ながら=={電話|でん|わ}を見ています。
+> While walking, I'm looking at my phone.
+
+## ついでに
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V (dictionary)</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">V (た)</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ ついでに</p>
+</div>
+
+Means "while", "at the same time". The difference with ながら is that here the main action is the first one. An opportunity of doing something during the occurrence of the first one (but not for the entire time).
+
+> [!info] Example
+> スーパーに行く==ついでに==、おにぎりを{買|か}ってくれませんか。
+> While you're going to the supermarket, could you bring onigiri?
+
+## と同時に
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V (る)</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + である</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ と同時に</p>
+</div>
+
+と{同時|どうじ}に means "at the same time as", "while". Contrary to ながら, it is used for something that happens at a precise moment, not during the whole time.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {電車|でんしゃ}に{乗|の}っている==と同時に==、おじいさんが{落|お}ちた。
+> While on the train, an old man fell off.
+
+## 中
+
+{中|ちゅう}・{中|じゅう} means different things depending on its pronunciation:
+* ちゅう is used when pointing a specific time: "during", "at some point".
+* じゅう is used for the entire time or area: "through", "within", "before it ends".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {午後|ごご}==中==に{会議|かいぎ}がある。
+> There is a meeting in the afternoon (ちゅう).
+> 
+> {今年|ことし}==中==にスウェーデンに行きたい。
+> I want to go to Sweden before the end of this year (じゅう).
+
+## うちに
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V (casual)</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ うちに</p>
+</div>
+
+Means "while". The nuance is that the time is optimal and should be taken advantage of.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {晴|は}れる==うちに=={散歩|さんぽ}しましょう。
+> Let's take a walk while the weather is nice.
+
+## 限り
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V (る・た・ない・ている・)</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + である</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ 限り</p>
+</div>
+
+{限|かぎ}り means "as long as", "while". Also means "limited to".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> この{映画|えいが}は{来週|らいしゅう}==限り=={劇場|げきじょう}で{上映|じょうえい}されます。
+> This movie will be in theaters the next week only.
+> 
+> {仕事|しごと}を{真面目|まじめ}にする==限り==、{大丈夫|だいじょうぶ}。
+> As long as you're serious doing your job, it will be fine.
+
+## 途中で・途中に
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V (dictionary)</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ 途中で・途中に</p>
+</div>
+
+{途中|とちゅう}で・{途中|とちゅう}に means "in the middle of", "on the way".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {帰|かえ}る==途中で=={自動販売機|じ|どう|はん|ばい|き}で{飲|のみ}み{物|もの}を{買|か}った。
+> On the way home, I bought a drink from the vending machine.
+
+## ているところ
+
+Means "in the process/middle of doing".
+See [[TeF (2) - manner of doing#ているところ]].
+
+## 最中に
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V (ている)</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ 最中に</p>
+</div>
+
+{最中|さいちゅう}に means "in the middle of". Happens during something else, interrupting or disturbing it.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {運転|うんてん}していた==最中に=={鹿|しか}が{現|あらわ}れた。
+> While I was driving, a deer appeared.
+
+## しばらく
+
+Means "for a while", "for now".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ==しばらく==お{待|ま}ちください。
+> Please wait for a moment.

🔰 Grammar/Time - finally.md

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+# Time: finally
+
+## やっと
+
+Means that something happened at last, with efforts. More rarely means "barely".
+Used at the beginning of a phrase.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ==やっと=={論文|ろん|ぶん}を書き{終|お}わった。
+> I finally finished writing my thesis.
+
+## ついに
+
+Means "finally", "at last". Something happened after working to accomplish the goal. Positive implications.
+Used at the beginning of a phrase.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ==ついに== {新|あたら}しい{地下鉄|ちかてつ}が{出来上|で|き|あ}がった。
+> At last, the new subway was completed.
+
+## あげく
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V (た)</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ あげく</p>
+</div>
+
+Means "in the end", "finally". Implies a negative result, despite effort given.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {一緒|いっしょ}に{暮|く}らした==あげく==、{別|わか}れることに{決|き}めました。
+> After living together, we decided to break up.
+
+## いよいよ
+
+Means "finally". Explains that something finally happened (after preparation, waiting, etc).
+Used at the beginning of a phrase.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> ==いよいよ=={作|つく}り{終|お}わりました。
+> I finally finished it.
+
+## 末に
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V (た)</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ 末に</p>
+</div>
+
+{末|すえ}に means "finally". Focuses on the end of the preparation.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> ==末に=={準備|じゅんび}を{終|お}わりました。
+> Finally, I finished the preparations.

🔰 Grammar/Time - recently.md

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+# Time: recently
+
+## さっき
+
+Means that something happened recently, either just now, or a little while ago.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ==さっき==家に出てきた。
+> I just left home.
+
+## たところ
+
+Combined with a verb in the past tense, it express that something just occurred (something just ended, just started, etc).
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 今食べた==ところ==だ。
+> I just finished to eat right now.
+
+## たばかり
+
+Combined with a verb in the past tense, it express that something just occurred (something just ended, just started, etc). It is more subjective than ところ. It doesn't have to be something that literally just happened, but something that feels like it just happened. 
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 今食べた==ばかり==だ。
+> I just finished to eat right now.
+
+When comparing the two examples, the meaning is different depending on the context. Imagine a friend asking you to go eat with him. When using ところ, it means you just finished your meal this instant. When using ばかり, it means that it feels too soon to eat again just yet from your point of view, independently of how much time has really passed.
+
+## たて
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">V <strike>ます</strike></span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r">+ たて</p>
+</div>
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">V <strike>ます</strike></span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r">+ たて + </p>
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">の + N</span></p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+Means that something has just been finished. It cannot be used with all verbs. It has a meaning of something fresh, that changes after completion (fresh food that degrades, etc).
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {炊|たき}き==たて==のお{好|この}み{焼|やき}きを食べるべきです。
+> You should eat freshly cooked okonomiyaki.

🔰 Grammar/Time - regularity.md

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+# Time: regularity
+
+## たびに
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V (dictionary)</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ たびに</p>
+</div>
+
+Means "whenever", "every time".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {犬|いぬ}を{見|み}る==たびに=={幸|しあわ}せになる。
+> Whenever I see a dog, I feel happy.
+
+## おきに
+
+Means "every other". This is used for repeated intervals, after a noun indicating something measurable.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> この電車は４分==おきに=={出発|しゅ|っぱつ}します。
+> This train leaves every four minutes.
+
+## ごとに
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V (dictionary)</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ ごとに</p>
+</div>
+
+Means "each", "every". Used for intervals.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {彼女|かのじょ}に{会|あ}う==ごとに==、{心|こころ}がドキドキする。
+> Every time I see her, my heart pounds.
+
+## おきに vs ごとに
+
+The way the intervals are counted between these two grammar structure is different.
+* おきに refers to what is _inside_ the interval.
+* ごとに refers to the interval _per se_.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> １日==おきに== =２日==ごとに== = every other day = every second day
+> ●○●○●○●
+>
+> ２日==おきに== =３日==ごとに== = every three days = every third day
+> ●○○●○○●○○●
+
+## につけ
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V (る)</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ につけ・につけて</p>
+</div>
+
+Means "every time", "whenever". Formal and rarely used nowadays.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> 私が{掃除機|そうじき}を{使|つか}う==につけ==、うちの{犬|いぬ}が{怖|こわ}がります。
+> Every time I use the vacuum cleaner, my dog is scared.

🔰 Grammar/Time - surprise.md

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+# Time: surprise
+
+## 急に
+
+{急|きゅう}に means that something happened unexpectedly or quickly.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ==急に==電車が{現|あらわ}れた。
+> A train suddenly appeared.
+
+## ふと
+
+This means "suddenly", "unexpectedly", "unintentionally". Emphasis is on the lack of intention.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ==ふと=={通|とお}りに１０００円を{見|み}つけた。
+> I found 1000 yen on the street by chance.
+
+## いきなり
+
+Means "suddenly". Used before a phrase containing an action. It implies something that is more surprising than with 急に, puts more emotion into it.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> ==いきなり=={雨|あめ}が{降|ふ}ってきた。
+> It suddenly started raining.
+
+## たとたん
+
+Means "just as". Used for an action that happens just at the moment something else occurs. Can convey a nuance of something unexpected or surprising.
+Used with verbs in the past form (た).
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {部屋|へや}を{掃除|そうじ}し==たとたん==、うちの{猫|ねこ}が{吐|は}いてしまった。
+> As soon as I cleaned my room, my cat vomited.

🔰 Grammar/Time - throughout.md

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+# Time - throughout
+
+## から〜にかけて
+
+Means "through", "from... until". Indicates that something happens over a period of time.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {朝|あさ}==から=={夜|よる}==にかかて==ゲームしたい。
+> I want to play games from morning to night.
+
+## にわたって
+
+Means "throughout", "over (a period)". It is formal.
+Used with nouns.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {今日|きょう}==にわたって=={不運|ふうん}だった。
+> I've had bad luck throughout the day.

🔰 Grammar/Time.md

@@ -18,14 +18,22 @@ Means "time". When used like this, means "at the time of".
 > 行った==とき==、{誰|だれ}もいなかった。
 > When I went, no one was there.
 
-## ところ
+## 際に
 
-Means "just about to". Used when describing what we're about to do.
+<div class="usage">
-Used by combining to a verb.
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V (dictionary)</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">V (た)</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ 際に・際は</p>
+</div>
+
+{際|さい}に means "time", "when". More formal than とき.
 
 > [!info] Example
-> 今ご{飯|はん}を作る==ところ==です。
+> {家|いえ}で{入|はい}る==際に=={靴|くつ}を{脱|ぬ}いでください。
-> I'm about to make dinner.
+> Please take off your shoes when entering the house.
 
 ## ことがある
 
@@ -36,73 +44,11 @@ Used by combining to a verb.
 > {時々|とき|どき}パリへ行く==ことがある==。
 > I sometimes go to Paris.
 
-## ながら
+## から～まで
 
-<div class="usage">
+See から: [[🔰 Particles (2)#From, since]] (from).
-<div class="">
+See まで: [[🔰 Particles (2)#まで]] (until).
-	<p><span class="box">V-<strike>ます</strike></span></p>
+See から～まで: [[🔰 Particles (2)#から～まで]] (from... until).
-</div>
-	<p class="r"> + ながら + ...</p>
-</div>
-
-Means "while", "simultaneously".
-
-> [!info] Example
-> {歩|ある}き==ながら=={電話|でん|わ}を見ています。
-> While walking, I'm looking at my phone.
-
-## 間
-
-<div class="usage">
-<div class="left">
-	<p><span class="box">V (dictionary)</span></p>
-	<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
-</div>
-	<p class="right">+ 間</p>
-</div>
-
-{間|あいだ} means "while" or "during". Used to express something that is done for the whole period of time.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> 電車に{乗|の}っている==間==、ゲームをしてた。
-> While I was on the train, I was playing a game.
-
-Can also be used to talk about a distance between two physical places or the time between two things.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> １時から９じまでの==間==、{寝|ね}ます。
-> I sleep between 1AM and 9AM.
-
-## 間に
-
-<div class="usage">
-<div class="left">
-	<p><span class="box">V (casual, non-past)</span></p>
-	<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
-	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な</span></p>
-	<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
-</div>
-	<p class="right">+ 間に</p>
-</div>
-
-A first meaning is similar to {間|あいだ} (while), but with intentionality.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> 電車に{乗|の}った==間に==、本を読みました。
-> While I was on the train, I read a book.
-
-A second meaning is a statement of something that happened during a time period, independently of your actions.
-Contrary to 間, it doesn't include the whole time period. So 間に means that at a point during the time period, something happened.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> {夜|よる}の==間に==、{隣|となり}の木が{落|お}ちていた。
-> During the night, the tree next door fell.
-
-# から～まで
-
-See から: [[🔰 Particles (2)#From, since]].
-See まで: [[🔰 Particles (2)#まで]].
-See から～まで: [[🔰 Particles (2)#から～まで]].
 
 ## 前に
 
@@ -140,75 +86,13 @@ See から～まで: [[🔰 Particles (2)#から～まで]].
 > 食べた==後で==、寝ます。
 > After eating, I'll go to sleep.
 
-## さっき
-
-Means that something happened recently, either just now, or a little while ago.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> ==さっき==家に出てきた。
-> I just left home.
-
-## たところ
-
-Combined with a verb in the past tense, it express that something just occurred (something just ended, just started, etc).
-
-> [!info] Example
-> 今食べた==ところ==だ。
-> I just finished to eat right now.
-
-## ているところ
-
-See [[TeF (2) - manner of doing#ているところ]].
-
-## たばかり
-
-Combined with a verb in the past tense, it express that something just occurred (something just ended, just started, etc). It is more subjective than ところ. It doesn't have to be something that literally just happened, but something that feels like it just happened. 
-
-> [!info] Example
-> 今食べた==ばかり==だ。
-> I just finished to eat right now.
-
-When comparing the two examples, the meaning is different depending on the context. Imagine a friend asking you to go eat with him. When using ところ, it means you just finished your meal this instant. When using ばかり, it means that it feels too soon to eat again just yet from your point of view, independently of how much time has really passed.
-
-## 急に
-
-{急|きゅう}に means that something happened unexpectedly or quickly.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> ==急に==電車が{現|あらわ}れた。
-> A train suddenly appeared.
-
-## やっと
-
-Means that something happened at last. More rarely means "barely".
-
-> [!info] Example
-> ==やっと=={論文|ろん|ぶん}を書き{終|お}わった。
-> I finally finished writing my thesis.
- 
-## までに
-
-This indicates a time limit for the action, similar to "by".
-
-> [!info] Example
-> {来週|らい|しゅう}==までに=={終|お}わってください。
-> Please finish by next week.
-
-## おきに
-
-This is used for repeated intervals, after a noun indicating something measurable.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> この電車は４分==おきに=={出発|しゅ|っぱつ}します。
-> This train leaves every four minutes.
-
 ## ころ・ごろ
 
 <div class="usage">
-<div class="left">
+<div class="">
 	<p><span class="box">N (time)</span></p>
 </div>
-	<p class="right">+ ごろ</p>
+	<p class="r">+ ごろ</p>
 </div>
 
 Means "around" or "about".
@@ -229,5 +113,129 @@ Means "around" or "about".
 Means "when".
 
 > [!info] Example
-> 子供の==ころ==、毎日{公園|こうえん}で{遊|あそ}んだ。
+> {子供|こども}の==ころ==、毎日{公園|こうえん}で{遊|あそ}んだ。
 > When I was a kid, I played every day at the park.
+
+## までに
+
+This indicates a time limit for the action, similar to "by".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {来週|らい|しゅう}==までに=={終|お}わってください。
+> Please finish by next week.
+
+## ぶりに
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">N (time)</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r">+ ぶりに~する</p>
+</div>
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">N (time)</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r">+ ぶり + の</p>
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">N</span></p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+Means "for the first time in duration". Used for long times (can be a psychologically perceived one).
+Used with nouns measuring time.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ３{年|ねん}==ぶりに==ブラジルを{戻|もど}ります。
+> For the first time in 3 years, I'm returning to Brazil.
+
+## に先立ち
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V (る)</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ に先立ち・に先立って</p>
+</div>
+
+に{先|さき}{立|だ}ち means "before", "prior to". It is formal.
+Also used as に先立つ when a second noun follows a first one.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {初|はじ}める==に先立って==、{準備|じゅんび}しないといけない。
+> Before starting, you need to prepare.
+
+## 上で
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V (た)</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ 上で</p>
+</div>
+
+{上|うえ}で means "after", "upon". Shows a logical progression. Mostly used in formal situations.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {面接|めんせつ}の==上で==、{連絡|れんらく}します。
+> We will contact you after the interview.
+
+## にあたって
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V (る)</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ にあたって</p>
+</div>
+
+Means "at the time of", "on the occasion of". It is formal. Used when talking about the preparation.
+Can also be used as にあたり.
+Used with verbs and nouns.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {試験|しけん}を{受|う}ける==にあたって==、{鉛筆|えんぴつ}と{消|け}しゴムを{持|も}ってきてください。
+> Please bring a pencil and an eraser in preparation for the test.
+
+## に際して
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V (る)</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ に際して</p>
+</div>
+
+に{際|さい}して means "at the time of", "on the occasion of". It is formal. Used when talking about the moment of the situation.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {試験|しけん}を{受|う}ける==に際して==、{静|しず}かにしてください。
+> During the test, please be quiet.
+
+## とっくに
+
+Means "long ago", "a long time ago".
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {彼女|かのじょ}は==とっくに=={帰|かえ}ってしまった。
+> She went home long ago.
+
+## やがて
+
+Means "before long", "eventually".
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> ==やがて==この{新|あたら}しいゲームは{売|う}り{出|だ}すはずです。
+> This new game should be put on sale soon.
+
+## ところだった
+
+Means "almost", "about to", "almost happened". Used with a dictionary form verb (る) by adding ところだった.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {車|くるま}の{事故|じこ}が{起|お}こる==ところだった==。{無事|ぶじ}よかった。
+> A car accident almost happened. Thankfully we're safe.

🔰 Grammar/Towards.md

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+# Towards
+
+## 向け
+
+{向|む}け means "intended for", "aimed at".
+Used with nouns.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> この本は{子供|こども}==向け==です。
+> The book is for children.
+
+## 向き
+
+{向|む}き means "suitable for". Close to 向け, but intended doesn't exactly means suitable.
+Also means "facing".
+Used with nouns.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> この{建物|たてもの}は{南|みなみ}==向き==です。
+> This building is facing south.
+
+## に向かって・に向けて
+
+に{向|む}かって means "to face", "towards".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {今|いま}{名古屋|なごや}==に向かっています==。
+> I'm heading towards Nagoya now.
+
+## を中心に
+
+を{中心|ちゅう|しん}に means "mainly", "focused on".
+Used with nouns.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ポケモンはポケモン==を中心にする==ゲームです。
+> Pokémon is a game centered around on Pokémon battles.
+> 
+> この{授業|じゅぎょう}は{漢字|かんじ}==を中心に=={習|なら}います。
+> This class focuses on learning kanjis.
+
+## に対して
+
+### Towards
+
+The first meaning of に{対|たい}して is "towards", "regarding". Focuses on action, attitude, feelings, etc.
+Used with a noun.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {彼|かれ}は{子供|こども}==に対して=={優|やさ}しいです。
+> He is kind towards children.
+
+### In contrast to
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V + の</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + (な + の)</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + な + の</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ に対して</p>
+</div>
+
+The second meaning is "in contrast to".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {弟|おとうと}は{漢字|かんじ}を{読|よ}むこと==に対して==、{私|わたし}が{読|よ}みません。
+> My little brother can read kanji, whereas I can't.

🔰 Grammar/Transformation.md

@@ -11,16 +11,16 @@ V+こと => 食べること. The verbs are never conjugated.
 
 ## ~さ: adjective as noun
 
-This allows to transform an adjective into a noun (adjective nominalizer).
-
 <div class="usage">
 <div class="left">
-	<p><span class="box">な-Adj</span></p>
 	<p><span class="box">い-Adj <strike>い</strike></span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj</span></p>
 </div>
 	<p class="right">+ さ</p>
 </div>
 
+This allows to transform an adjective into a noun (adjective nominalizer). Used to talk about the degree of the adjective. Generally objective.
+
 > [!info] Example
 > やさしい。
 > Kind.
@@ -28,6 +28,28 @@ This allows to transform an adjective into a noun (adjective nominalizer).
 > やさし==さ==。
 > Kindness.
 
+## ~み: adjective as noun
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">い-Adj <strike>い</strike></span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">な-Adj</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ み</p>
+</div>
+
+This allows to transform an adjective into a noun (adjective nominalizer). Similar to さ, but it is used in specific contexts. Rather than a degree, it talks about a quality. Generally subjective. Can be used with less adjectives than さ.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 甘い。
+> Sweet.
+> 
+> 甘さ。
+> Amount of sweetness.
+> 
+> 甘==味==。
+> Quality of sweetness.
+
 ## ということ: phrase as noun
 
 This allows to transform a phrase into a noun.
@@ -68,7 +90,7 @@ Also means "the reason for A is B", "doing A is B".
 > このレストランで{一番|いち|ばん}{人気|にん|き}がある==のは=={寿司|すし}です。
 > The most popular dish in the restaurant is sushi.
 
-## くする: い-adjectives as adverbs
+## くする: い-adjective as adverb
 
 Replacing the い in a い-Adj by くする transforms it into an adverb.
 大きい (big) => 大きくする (make big).
@@ -77,7 +99,7 @@ Replacing the い in a い-Adj by くする transforms it into an adverb.
 > エアコンを{点|つ}けると{空気|くう|き}が{寒|さむ}==くなる==。
 > When turning on the AC, the air becomes cold.
 
-## にする: な-adjectives as adverbs
+## にする: な-adjective as adverb
 
 Appending にする to a な-Adj transforms it into an adverb.
 {静|しず}かな (quiet) => 静かにする (make quiet).
@@ -86,7 +108,7 @@ Appending にする to a な-Adj transforms it into an adverb.
 > {部屋|へや}をきれい==にして==ください。
 > Please clean the room (make the room cleaner).
 
-## がる・がっている: adjectives as verbs
+## がる・がっている: adjective as verb
 
 See [[Observation - tendency - feelings#がる・がっている]].
 

🔰 Grammar/Without.md

@@ -9,12 +9,78 @@ It is a bit more casual than ずに.
 > {勉強|べんきょう}し==ないで=={卒業|そつぎょう}した。
 > I graduated without studying.
 
-## ずに
+## ず(に)
 
-Means "without doing". Formed with a verb in the negative tense (ない) by removing the -ない stem and adding ずに.
+Means "without doing". Formed with a verb in the negative tense (ない) by removing the -ない stem and adding ず(に).
 する transforms to せずに.
-It is a bit more formal than ないで.
+It is a bit more formal than ないで. Used more often in written form than ないで.
 
 > [!info] Example
 > 毎日食べ==ずに==出かける。
 > Everyday, I go out without eating.
+
+## ずに済む・なくて済む
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">V-<strike>ない</strike></span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r">+ ずに済む</p>
+</div>
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">V-ない</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r">+ なくて済む</p>
+</div>
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">V-ない</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r">+ で済む</p>
+</div>
+
+ずに{済|す}む and なくて{済|す}む mean "get by without doing". Used with a negative verb.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {天才|てんさい}ので、彼は{勉強|べんきょう}==せずに済んだ=={合格|ごうかく}できました。
+> He passed the exam without having to study, since he's a genius.
+
+## ことなく
+
+Means "without doing". Implies that it is regretful that it happened.
+Used with a verb (dictionary form).
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {私|わたし}が{作|つく}ったケーキを{食|た}べる==ことなく=={友達|ともだち}は{帰|かえ}ってしまた。
+> My friend went home without eating the cake I made.
+
+## 抜きで・抜きにして
+
+{抜|ぬ}きにして・{抜|ぬ}きで means "without".
+Used with nouns.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {彼女|かのじょ}==抜きで==何もできない。
+> I can't do anything without her.
+
+## もかまわず
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">V + の</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r">+ も構わず</p>
+</div>
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="">
+	<p><span class="box">N</span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="r">+ も構わず</p>
+</div>
+
+も{構|かま}わず means "without worrying about".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {未来|みらい}==も構わず==、{全然|ぜんぜん}{勉強|べんきょう}した。
+> Without worrying about the future, I didn't studied at all.

🔰 Grammar/🔰 Particles (1).md

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ When a sentence is negative, は is usually used instead of が and を.
 > 肉==は==食べません。
 > I don't eat meat.
 
-When used with a noun that is a number or an amount, it takes the meaning of "at least" or "around". Can be mixed with [[Amount#くらい]].
+When used with a noun that is a number or an amount, it takes the meaning of "at least" or "around". Can be mixed with [[Amounts#くらい・ぐらい]].
 
 > [!info] Example
 > {毎週|まいしゅう}２{回|かい}==は=={映画館|えいがかん}に行きます。
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ It is also used for making a contrast.
 In a noun modifying clause, は becomes が.
 
 > [!info] Example
-> {彼|かれ}はラメんを{作|つく}。
+> {彼|かれ}はラメんを{作|つく}った。
 > He made ramen.
 > 
 > {彼|かれ}==が=={作|つく}ったラメんはおいしいです。
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ The first sentence would most likely be the answer to "where are you from?", whi
 This particle is used for the target of the action of a verb.
 
 > [!info] Examples
-> ケーキ==を==作る。
+> ケーキ==を=={作|つく}る。
 > I prepare a cake.
 
 ## に

🔰 Grammar/🔰 Particles (2).md

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ Means "until" or "to".
 These two particles are frequently used together. It means "from X to Y".
 
 > [!info] Example
-> {朝|あさ}に６時==から==７時==まで==電車で{通|かよ}うっています。
+> {朝|あさ}に６時==から==７時==まで=={電車|でんしゃ}で{通|かよ}うっています。
 > I commute by train from 6am to 7am.
 
 ## っけ
@@ -65,6 +65,55 @@ Used when the speaker tries to remember, or confirm an information, that has bee
 > {会議|かいぎ}は今日だった==っけ==。
 > Was the meeting today?
 
+## こそ
+
+Means "for sure". Used to emphasize words.
+Used with nouns.
+
+⚠ Replaces the を and が particle. It is, in a certain way, a stronger way than が to highlight information.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {今年|ことし}==こそ=={日本|にほん}に{住|す}む。
+> This year, for sure I'll live in Japan.
+
+## さえ
+
+<div class="usage">
+<div class="left">
+	<p><span class="box">V (て)</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">V <strike>ます</strike></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + で</span></p>
+	<p><span class="box">N + </span></p>
+</div>
+	<p class="right">+ さえ</p>
+</div>
+
+Means "even", "not even" (with negative verbs).
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {先生|せんせい}で==さえ==、この{曲|きょく}を{弾|ひ}くことは{難|むずか}しいです。
+> Even for my teacher, this composition is difficult to play.
+
+⚠ With conditional verbs, it means "only". See [[State#さえ～ば]].
+
+## にて
+
+This particle is a formal version of [[🔰 Particles (1)#で]], and is used the same way.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {電話|でんわ}==にて=={連絡|れんらく}ください。
+> Please contact us by phone.
+
+## より
+
+It is a more formal form of から ([[#From, since]]).
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 明日==より=={毎日|まいにち}{運動|うんどう}するつもりです。
+> Starting tomorrow, I'm going to exercise every day.
+
+Do not confuse with [[Comparison#より]].
+
 ## Sentence ending
 
 At the end of a sentence, some particles can be added to put emphasis on a meaning.