Second pass

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@ -47,6 +47,15 @@ This particles means "and" or "with". Used for a list that is exhaustive. Connec
> フランス語==と==スペイン語を習っています。
> I am learning French and Spanish.
### 及び (NEW!)
{及|およ}び means "and", like と. Used in formal settings.
Used with nouns.
> [!info] Examples
> {試験|しけん}には{鉛筆|えんぴつ}==及び=={消|け}しゴムを{持|も}ってきてください。
> Please bring a pencil and an eraser to the exam.
### て connecting
Used for a list that is exhaustive. Connects verbs.
@ -72,6 +81,15 @@ Used with nouns.
> お金がないのでカフェ**や**レストラン==など=={払|はら}えない。
> I can't pay things like cafes or restaurant (etc.) because I have no money.
### といった (NEW!)
Used to describe typical examples: "things as", "like", "such as". It is casual. It has the same meaning as など.
Used with nouns.
> [!info] Examples
> フランスとカナダ==といった=={国|くに}はフランス{語|ご}を{話|はな}す。
> Countries such as France and Canada speak French.
### とか~とか
Used for a list that is unexhaustive. Translates to "and", "among other things". More casual than や. Ending a sentence with とか can soften the meaning. Can also be used to quote someone.
@ -127,70 +145,34 @@ It can be used to emphasize something when used at the end of a sentence.
> 言ってない==し==
> I never said that!
### やら~やら (NEW!)
<div class="usage">
<div class="left">
<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
<p><span class="box">N</span></p>
</div>
<p class="right">+ やら + B + やら</p>
</div>
This form is unexhaustive and can be translated as "and", "among other things".
It has 3 nuances:
- Conveys a negative image
- Among other things, in an unorganized manner
- Conflicting feelings
> [!info] Examples
> {今日|きょう}{電車|でんしゃ}がなかった==やら==、{車|くるま}が{壊|こわ}れた==やら==、{家|いえ}に{出|で}かけられませんでした。
> There were no trains and my car broke down, so I couldn't go out.
>
> {黒|くろ}い==やら=={白|しろ}い==やら=={着物|きもの}があります。
> There are black and white kimonos (among other things).
>
## Summing up
* ==や== means "and", and is formal. Can be completed by ==など== (= etc).
* ==とか== also means "and", but is casual.
* ==たり== means "or", "things like". Used to express possibilities.
* ==し== means "and", but with an emphasis on a review.
## And also
### も~ば~も
<div class="usage">
<p class="iright">N1 + も + </p>
<div class="ileft">
<div class="left">
<p><span class="box">V (ば)</span></p>
<p><span class="box">い-Adj <strike></strike> ければ</span></p>
<p><span class="box">な-Adj + なら</span></p>
<p><span class="box">N + なら</span></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class="right">+ N2 + も</p>
</div>
Means "also", "as well". Means that both N1 and N2 are true (and should share a connection).
⚠ Despite using conditional form, it is not conditional in meaning.
> [!info] Examples
> {母|はは}はポルトガル{語|ご}==も==できれ==ば==スペイン{語|ご}==も=={話|はな}せる。
> My mother can speak Portuguese as well as Spanish.
### 上に
<div class="usage">
<div class="left">
<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な</span></p>
<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
</div>
<p class="right">+ 上(に)</p>
</div>
{上|うえ}に means "and also", "in addition", "as well". Used with similar qualities (positive with positive, negative with negative).
> [!info] Examples
> このスーパーは{高|たか}い==上に=={不便|ふべん}です。
> This supermarket is expensive as well as inconvenient.
### はもちろん
<div class="usage">
<div class="">
<p><span class="box">N</span></p>
</div>
<p class="r">+ はもちろん + </p>
<div class="">
<p><span class="box">phrase</span></p>
</div>
<p class="r">+ も・さえ</p>
</div>
Means "not only but also", "not to mention".
> [!info] Examples
> このゲームセンターにはゲーム==はもちろん==ボウリング==も==あります。
> This game center not only has games but also bowling.