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Particles (2)

から

Because

V

い-Adj

な-Adj + だ

N + だ

+ から

The first meaning of から is "because".

[!info] Example {疲|つか}れる==から==今ベットに行きます。 I'm going to bed now because I am tired.

From, since

The second meaning expresses that something comes from someone/something, or the start time/location. Used by only adding から.

[!info] Example お{祖母|ばあ}さん==から==もらった。 I got it from my grandmother.

ここで{子供|こども}の時==から=={家族|かぞく}と{住|す}んでいます。 I have lived here with my family since I'm a kid.

まで

Means "until" or "to".

[!info] Example {駅|えき}==まで==どのくらいですか。 How far is it to the station?

から~まで

These two particles are frequently used together. It means "from X to Y".

[!info] Example {朝|あさ}に6時==から==7時==まで==電車で{通|かよ}うっています。 I commute by train from 6am to 7am.

だけ

Means "only", "just".

[!info] Example {一|ひと}つ==だけ==ください。 Only one, please.

だけで

Means "just by doing".

[!info] Example 見る==だけ==で{楽|たの}しいですね。 Just looking at it is fun, isn't it.

Sentence ending

At the end of a sentence, some particles can be added to put emphasis on a meaning.

  • ==なあ== express hope, admiration or uncertainty. Can also be used to ask for confirmation ("right?").
  • ==ね== seeks confirmation.
  • ==よ== when informing someone about something.
  • ==わ== is informal women's speech.