mirror of
https://github.com/ZetaKebab/quartz.git
synced 2025-06-22 16:54:36 +00:00
Merge commit 'c172c9eea2158870d53dc4b01d430588406b0a2d' into jpg
This commit is contained in:
@ -1,118 +0,0 @@
|
||||
# 3- Te-Form - manner of doing - give & receive
|
||||
|
||||
## Manner of doing
|
||||
|
||||
### てしまう
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="usage">
|
||||
<div>
|
||||
<p><span class="box">Vて</span> + しまう</p>
|
||||
<p><span class="box">V<strike>て</strike></span> + ちゃう</p>
|
||||
<p><span class="box">V<strike>で</strike></span> + じゃう</p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
This means "by accident, unfortunately" or "completely".
|
||||
Only for **verbs**.
|
||||
|
||||
> [!info] Examples
|
||||
> {宿題|しゅく|だい}もうや==ってしまいました==。
|
||||
> I've already finished my homework.
|
||||
>
|
||||
> もう{全部|ぜん|ぶ}食べ==ちゃった==。。。
|
||||
> I've already eaten everything...
|
||||
|
||||
### てみる
|
||||
|
||||
Used to express the meaning of trying something, usually something new.
|
||||
Can also be used to suggest to someone to try something.
|
||||
Used in past tense, it implies a successful attempt.
|
||||
Only for **verbs**.
|
||||
|
||||
> [!info] Example
|
||||
> これを食べ==てみる==か？
|
||||
> Do you want to try this food?
|
||||
|
||||
### ていく・てくる
|
||||
|
||||
ていく combines the Te-form with the verb 行く.
|
||||
てくる combines the Te-form with the verb 来る.
|
||||
Both can be used when representing time or a physical place. Kanji and hiragana can be used, and they can be conjugated.
|
||||
Only for **verbs**.
|
||||
|
||||
The first meaning is the following:
|
||||
* ていく means to go and do something.
|
||||
* てくる means to do and come back.
|
||||
|
||||
> [!info] Examples
|
||||
> 家で食べ==ていく==か？
|
||||
> Want to go and eat at my home?
|
||||
>
|
||||
> {晩御飯|ばんごはん}を買==ってきた==。
|
||||
> I brought tonight's dinner. (bought and came with).
|
||||
|
||||
The second meaning is:
|
||||
* ていく means to start doing something with your own agency.
|
||||
* てくる on the contrary, is when something comes to the listener without agency from them.
|
||||
|
||||
> [!info] Examples
|
||||
> 彼は駅まで歩い==ていきます==。
|
||||
> He walk to the station.
|
||||
>
|
||||
> 雨が{降|ふ}==ってきた==。
|
||||
> It started raining.
|
||||
|
||||
## Give and receive
|
||||
|
||||
Extends the common forms of あげる, くれる, and もらう, but what is received or given is now a verb, instead of a noun.
|
||||
|
||||
### てあげる
|
||||
|
||||
Expresses that someone is doing or did something for someone else.
|
||||
The person that received the favor is followed by the に particle.
|
||||
Only for **verbs**.
|
||||
|
||||
> [!info] Example
|
||||
> 母にケーキを買==ってあげた==。
|
||||
> I bought a cake for my mother.
|
||||
>
|
||||
|
||||
### てくれる
|
||||
|
||||
Used to ask a favor from someone or to say that something was done to the speaker.
|
||||
The person that received the favor (usually oneself and thus omitted) is followed by the に particle.
|
||||
Only for **verbs**.
|
||||
|
||||
> [!info] Example
|
||||
> {友達|とも|だち}がギターを{教|おし}え==てくれる==。
|
||||
> My friend will teach me the guitar.
|
||||
|
||||
#### てくれてありがとう
|
||||
|
||||
This form expresses gratitude for something that benefited the speaker. It is not used for something expected.
|
||||
Only for **verbs**.
|
||||
|
||||
> [!info] Example
|
||||
> 今日来==てくれてありがとう==！
|
||||
> Thank you for coming today!
|
||||
|
||||
### てもらう
|
||||
|
||||
This form expresses gratitude for a favor that the recipient generally requested for, or where gratitude is the focus.
|
||||
Only for **verbs**.
|
||||
|
||||
> [!info] Example
|
||||
> {友達|とも|だち}が手伝==ってもらった==。
|
||||
> My friend helped me (and I owe him / because I asked him and I am grateful)
|
||||
|
||||
### てくれない・てもらえない
|
||||
|
||||
Used as a mean to ask for a favor like "would you, could you?". Used in a similar form to じゃないか.
|
||||
Only for **verbs**.
|
||||
|
||||
> [!info] Example
|
||||
> {電気|でん|き}をつけ==てもらえない==か。
|
||||
> Could you please turn on the lights?
|
||||
>
|
||||
> 電気をつけ==ないでもらえない==か。
|
||||
> Could you please turn off the light?
|
||||
65
content/2- Conjugation/Basics.md
Normal file
65
content/2- Conjugation/Basics.md
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
|
||||
# 1- Basics
|
||||
|
||||
## う-verbs
|
||||
|
||||
| Tense | Dictionary positive | Dictionary negative | Polite positive | Polite negative |
|
||||
| ------------------- | ------------------- | ------------------- | --------------- | --------------- |
|
||||
| Present | 書く | 書かない | 書きます | 書きません |
|
||||
| Past | 書いた | 書かなかった | 書きました | 書きませんでした |
|
||||
| Volitional | 書こう | 書かないだろう | 書きましょう | 書かないでしょう |
|
||||
| Present Progressive | 書いている | 書いていない | 書いています | 書いていません |
|
||||
| Past Progressive | 書いていた | 書いていなかった | 書いていました | 書いていませんでした |
|
||||
| Imperative | 書け | 書けな | 書いてください | 書かないでください |
|
||||
| Conditional -eba | 書けば | 書かなければ | / | / |
|
||||
| Conditional -tara | 書いたら | 書かなかったら | / | / |
|
||||
| Potential | 書ける | 書けない | 書けます | 書けません |
|
||||
| Causative | 書かせる | 書かせない | 書かせます | 書かせません |
|
||||
| Passive | 書かれる | 書かれない | 書かれます | 書かれません |
|
||||
|
||||
## る-verbs
|
||||
|
||||
| Tense | Dictionary positive | Dictionary negative | Polite positive | Polite negative |
|
||||
| ------------------- | ------------------- | ------------------- | --------------- | --------------- |
|
||||
| Present | 食べる | 食べない | 食べます | 食べません |
|
||||
| Past | 食べた | 食べなかった | 食べました | 食べませんでした |
|
||||
| Volitional | 食べよう | 食べないだろう | 食べましょう | 食べませんでしょう |
|
||||
| Present Progressive | 食べている | 食べていない | 食べています | 食べていません |
|
||||
| Past Progressive | 食べていた | 食べていなかった | 食べていました | 食べていませんでした |
|
||||
| Imperative | 食べろ | 食べるな | 食べてください | 食べないでください |
|
||||
| Conditional -eba | 食べれば | 食べなければ | / | / |
|
||||
| Conditional -tara | 食べたら | 食べなかったら | / | / |
|
||||
| Potential | 食べられる | 食べられない | 食べられます | 食べられません |
|
||||
| Causative | 食べさせる | 食べさせない | 食べさせます | 食べさせません |
|
||||
| Passive | 食べられる | 食べられない | 食べられます | 食べられません |
|
||||
|
||||
## Irregular: する
|
||||
|
||||
| Tense | Dictionary positive | Dictionary negative | Polite positive | Polite negative |
|
||||
| ------------------- | ------------------- | ------------------- | --------------- | --------------- |
|
||||
| Present | する | しない | します | しません |
|
||||
| Past | した | しなかった | しました | しませんでした |
|
||||
| Volitional | しよう | しないだろう | しましょう | しませんでしょう |
|
||||
| Present Progressive | している | していない | しています | していません |
|
||||
| Past Progressive | していた | していなかった | していました | していませんでした |
|
||||
| Imperative | しろ | するな | してください | しないでください |
|
||||
| Conditional -eba | すれば | しなければ | / | / |
|
||||
| Conditional -tara | したら | しなかったら | / | / |
|
||||
| Potential | できる | できない | できます | できません |
|
||||
| Causative | させる | させない | させます | させません |
|
||||
| Passive | される | されない | されます | されません |
|
||||
|
||||
## Irregular: 来る
|
||||
|
||||
| Tense | Dictionary positive | Dictionary negative | Polite positive | Polite negative |
|
||||
| ------------------- | ------------------- | ------------------- | --------------- | --------------- |
|
||||
| Present | くる | こない | きます | きません |
|
||||
| Past | きた | こなかった | きました | きませんでした |
|
||||
| Volitional | きよう | こないだろう | きましょう | きませんでしょう |
|
||||
| Present Progressive | きている | きていない | きています | きていません |
|
||||
| Past Progressive | きていた | きていなかった | きていました | きていませんでした |
|
||||
| Imperative | こい | くるな | きてください | こないでください |
|
||||
| Conditional -eba | くれば | こなければ | / | / |
|
||||
| Conditional -tara | きたら | こなかったら | / | / |
|
||||
| Potential | こられる | こられない | こられます | こられません |
|
||||
| Causative | こさせる | こさせない | こさせます | こさせません |
|
||||
| Passive | こられる | こられない | こられます | こられません |
|
||||
86
content/2- Conjugation/TeF (2) - manner of doing.md
Normal file
86
content/2- Conjugation/TeF (2) - manner of doing.md
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
|
||||
# Te-Form (2) - manner of doing
|
||||
|
||||
## ていく・てくる
|
||||
|
||||
ていく combines the Te-form with the verb 行く.
|
||||
てくる combines the Te-form with the verb 来る.
|
||||
Both can be used when representing time or a physical place. Kanji and hiragana can be used, and they can be conjugated.
|
||||
Only for **verbs**.
|
||||
|
||||
The first meaning is the following:
|
||||
* ていく means to go and do something.
|
||||
* てくる means to do and come back.
|
||||
|
||||
> [!info] Examples
|
||||
> 家で食べ==ていく==か？
|
||||
> Want to go and eat at my home?
|
||||
>
|
||||
> {晩御飯|ばんごはん}を買==ってきた==。
|
||||
> I brought tonight's dinner. (bought and came with).
|
||||
|
||||
The second meaning is:
|
||||
* ていく means to start doing something with your own agency.
|
||||
* てくる on the contrary, is when something comes to the listener without agency from them.
|
||||
|
||||
> [!info] Examples
|
||||
> 彼は駅まで歩い==ていきます==。
|
||||
> He walk to the station.
|
||||
>
|
||||
> 雨が{降|ふ}==ってきた==。
|
||||
> It started raining.
|
||||
|
||||
## てしまう・ちゃう・じゃう
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="usage">
|
||||
<div>
|
||||
<p><span class="box">Vて</span> + しまう</p>
|
||||
<p><span class="box">V<strike>て</strike></span> + ちゃう</p>
|
||||
<p><span class="box">V<strike>で</strike></span> + じゃう</p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
This means "by accident, unfortunately" or "completely".
|
||||
Only for **verbs**.
|
||||
|
||||
> [!info] Examples
|
||||
> {宿題|しゅく|だい}もうや==ってしまいました==。
|
||||
> I've already finished my homework.
|
||||
>
|
||||
> もう{全部|ぜん|ぶ}食べ==ちゃった==。。。
|
||||
> I've already eaten everything...
|
||||
|
||||
## てみる
|
||||
|
||||
Used to express the meaning of trying something, usually something new.
|
||||
Can also be used to suggest to someone to try something.
|
||||
Used in past tense, it implies a successful attempt.
|
||||
Only for **verbs**.
|
||||
|
||||
> [!info] Example
|
||||
> これを食べ==てみる==か？
|
||||
> Do you want to try this food?
|
||||
|
||||
## てすみません
|
||||
|
||||
Means "sorry for".
|
||||
|
||||
> [!info] Example
|
||||
> {遅|おく}れ==てすみません==。
|
||||
> Sorry for being late.
|
||||
|
||||
## てよかった
|
||||
|
||||
Means "glad that".
|
||||
|
||||
> [!info] Example
|
||||
> {美術館|びじゅつかん}に行==ってよかった==。
|
||||
> I'm glad I went to the museum.
|
||||
|
||||
## ているところ
|
||||
|
||||
Means "in the process/middle of doing". Can either talk about the exact moment or in general.
|
||||
See also [[1- Grammar/Time|Time#たところ]].
|
||||
|
||||
> [!info] Example
|
||||
> {現在|げんざい}、{求職|きゅうしょく}し==ているところ==です。
|
||||
> I am currently seeking a job.
|
||||
56
content/2- Conjugation/TeF (3) - give & receive.md
Normal file
56
content/2- Conjugation/TeF (3) - give & receive.md
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
|
||||
# Te-Form (3) - give & receive
|
||||
|
||||
Extends the common forms of あげる, くれる, and もらう, but what is received or given is now a verb, instead of a noun.
|
||||
|
||||
## てあげる
|
||||
|
||||
Expresses that someone is doing or did something for someone else.
|
||||
The person that received the favor is followed by the に particle.
|
||||
Only for **verbs**.
|
||||
|
||||
> [!info] Example
|
||||
> 母にケーキを買==ってあげた==。
|
||||
> I bought a cake for my mother.
|
||||
>
|
||||
|
||||
For casual language, ==てやる== can be used.
|
||||
|
||||
## てくれる
|
||||
|
||||
Used to ask a favor from someone or to say that something was done to the speaker.
|
||||
The person that received the favor (usually oneself and thus omitted) is followed by the に particle.
|
||||
Only for **verbs**.
|
||||
|
||||
> [!info] Example
|
||||
> {友達|とも|だち}がギターを{教|おし}え==てくれる==。
|
||||
> My friend will teach me the guitar.
|
||||
|
||||
### てくれてありがとう
|
||||
|
||||
This form expresses gratitude for something that benefited the speaker. It is not used for something expected.
|
||||
Only for **verbs**.
|
||||
|
||||
> [!info] Example
|
||||
> 今日来==てくれてありがとう==！
|
||||
> Thank you for coming today!
|
||||
|
||||
## てもらう
|
||||
|
||||
This form expresses gratitude for a favor that the recipient generally requested for, or where gratitude is the focus.
|
||||
Only for **verbs**.
|
||||
|
||||
> [!info] Example
|
||||
> {友達|とも|だち}が手伝==ってもらった==。
|
||||
> My friend helped me (and I owe him / because I asked him and I am grateful)
|
||||
|
||||
## てくれない・てもらえない
|
||||
|
||||
Used as a mean to ask for a favor like "would you, could you?". Used in a similar form to じゃないか.
|
||||
Only for **verbs**.
|
||||
|
||||
> [!info] Example
|
||||
> {電気|でん|き}をつけ==てもらえない==か。
|
||||
> Could you please turn on the lights?
|
||||
>
|
||||
> 電気をつけ==ないでもらえない==か。
|
||||
> Could you please turn off the light?
|
||||
@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
|
||||
# 4- Te-Form - even if
|
||||
# Te-Form (4) - even if
|
||||
|
||||
For **verbs**, **adjectives** and **nouns**.
|
||||
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user