6.2 KiB
Time
とき
V (casual)
い-Adj
な-Adj + な
N + の
+ とき
Means "time". When used like this, means "at the time of".
[!info] Example 行った==とき==、{誰|だれ}もいなかった。 When I went, no one was there.
際に
V (dictionary)
V (た)
N + の
+ 際に・際は
{際|さい}に means "time", "when". More formal than とき.
[!info] Example {家|いえ}で{入|はい}る==際に=={靴|くつ}を{脱|ぬ}いでください。 Please take off your shoes when entering the house.
ことがある
Means "there are time when". Used by combining to a verb.
[!info] Example {時々|とき|どき}パリへ行く==ことがある==。 I sometimes go to Paris.
から～まで
See から: 🔰 Particles (2)#From, since (from). See まで: 🔰 Particles (2)#まで (until). See から～まで: 🔰 Particles (2)#から～まで (from... until).
前に
V (dictionary)
N + の
+ 前に
{前|まえ}に means before (time) or in front of (place).
[!info] Examples {寝|ねる}る==前に==、レストランに行こうと思います。 I think I'll go to the restaurant before sleeping.
レストランの==前に=={自転車|じ|てん|しゃ}があります。 There are bikes in front of the restaurant.
後で
V (た)
N + の
+ 後で
{後|あと}で means after or later. ⚠ Only works with the past form of verbs!
[!info] Example 食べた==後で==、寝ます。 After eating, I'll go to sleep.
ころ・ごろ
N (time)
+ ごろ
Means "around" or "about".
[!info] Example 午後８時==ごろ==来てください。 Please come around 8PM.
V (casual)
い/な-Adj
N + の
+ ころ
Means "when".
[!info] Example {子供|こども}の==ころ==、毎日{公園|こうえん}で{遊|あそ}んだ。 When I was a kid, I played every day at the park.
までに
This indicates a time limit for the action, similar to "by".
[!info] Example {来週|らい|しゅう}==までに=={終|お}わってください。 Please finish by next week.
ぶりに
N (time)
+ ぶりに~する
N (time)
+ ぶり + の
N
Means "for the first time in duration". Used for long times (can be a psychologically perceived one). Used with nouns measuring time.
[!info] Example ３{年|ねん}==ぶりに==ブラジルを{戻|もど}ります。 For the first time in 3 years, I'm returning to Brazil.
に先立ち (NEW!)
V (る)
N
+ に先立ち・に先立って
に{先|さき}{立|だ}ち means "before", "prior to". It is formal. Also used as に先立つ when a second noun follows a first one.
[!info] Examples {初|はじ}める==に先立って==、{準備|じゅんび}しないといけない。 Before starting, you need to prepare.
上で
V (た)
N + の
+ 上で
{上|うえ}で means "after", "upon". Shows a logical progression. Mostly used in formal situations.
[!info] Examples {面接|めんせつ}の==上で==、{連絡|れんらく}します。 We will contact you after the interview.
にあたって (NEW!)
V (る)
N
+ にあたって
Means "at the time of", "on the occasion of". It is formal. Used when talking about the preparation. Can also be used as にあたり. Used with verbs and nouns.
[!info] Examples {試験|しけん}を{受|う}ける==にあたって==、{鉛筆|えんぴつ}と{消|け}しゴムを{持|も}ってきてください。 Please bring a pencil and an eraser in preparation for the test.
に際して (NEW!)
V (る)
N
+ に際して
に{際|さい}して means "at the time of", "on the occasion of". It is formal. Used when talking about the moment of the situation.
[!info] Examples {試験|しけん}を{受|う}ける==に際して==、{静|しず}かにしてください。 During the test, please be quiet.
とっくに (NEW!)
Means "long ago", "a long time ago".
[!info] Examples {彼女|かのじょ}は==とっくに=={帰|かえ}ってしまった。 She went home long ago.
やがて (NEW!)
Means "before long", "eventually".
[!info] Examples ==やがて==この{新|あたら}しいゲームは{売|う}り{出|だ}すはずです。 This new game should be put on sale soon.
ところだった (NEW!)
Means "almost", "about to", "almost happened". Used with a verb (る) by adding ところだった.
[!info] Examples {車|くるま}の{事故|じこ}が{起|お}==こるところだった==。{無事|ぶじ}よかった。 A car accident almost happened. Thankfully we're safe.