168 lines
4.0 KiB
Markdown
168 lines
4.0 KiB
Markdown
# Time
|
||
|
||
## とき
|
||
|
||
<div class="usage">
|
||
<div class="left">
|
||
<p><span class="box">V (casual)</span></p>
|
||
<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
|
||
<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な</span></p>
|
||
<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p class="right">+ とき</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
Means "time". When used like this, means "at the time of".
|
||
|
||
> [!info] Example
|
||
> 行った==とき==、{誰|だれ}もいなかった。
|
||
> When I went, no one was there.
|
||
|
||
## 際に
|
||
|
||
<div class="usage">
|
||
<div class="left">
|
||
<p><span class="box">V (dictionary)</span></p>
|
||
<p><span class="box">V (た)</span></p>
|
||
<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p class="right">+ 際に・際は</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
{際|さい}に means "time", "when". More formal than とき.
|
||
|
||
> [!info] Example
|
||
> {家|いえ}で{入|はい}る==際に=={靴|くつ}を{脱|ぬ}いでください。
|
||
> Please take off your shoes when entering the house.
|
||
|
||
## ことがある
|
||
|
||
Means "there are time when".
|
||
Used by combining to a verb.
|
||
|
||
> [!info] Example
|
||
> {時々|とき|どき}パリへ行く==ことがある==。
|
||
> I sometimes go to Paris.
|
||
|
||
## ところ
|
||
|
||
Means "just about to". Used when describing what we're about to do.
|
||
Used by combining to a verb.
|
||
|
||
> [!info] Example
|
||
> 今ご{飯|はん}を作る==ところ==です。
|
||
> I'm about to make dinner.
|
||
|
||
## から～まで
|
||
|
||
See から: [[🔰 Particles (2)#From, since]] (from).
|
||
See まで: [[🔰 Particles (2)#まで]] (until).
|
||
See から～まで: [[🔰 Particles (2)#から～まで]] (from... until).
|
||
|
||
## 前に
|
||
|
||
<div class="usage">
|
||
<div class="left">
|
||
<p><span class="box">V (dictionary)</span></p>
|
||
<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p class="right">+ 前に</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
{前|まえ}に means before (time) or in front of (place).
|
||
|
||
> [!info] Examples
|
||
> {寝|ねる}る==前に==、レストランに行こうと思います。
|
||
> I think I'll go to the restaurant before sleeping.
|
||
>
|
||
> レストランの==前に=={自転車|じ|てん|しゃ}があります。
|
||
> There are bikes in front of the restaurant.
|
||
|
||
## 後で
|
||
|
||
<div class="usage">
|
||
<div class="left">
|
||
<p><span class="box">V (た)</span></p>
|
||
<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p class="right">+ 後で</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
{後|あと}で means after or later.
|
||
⚠ Only works with the past form of verbs!
|
||
|
||
> [!info] Example
|
||
> 食べた==後で==、寝ます。
|
||
> After eating, I'll go to sleep.
|
||
|
||
## ころ・ごろ
|
||
|
||
<div class="usage">
|
||
<div class="">
|
||
<p><span class="box">N (time)</span></p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p class="r">+ ごろ</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
Means "around" or "about".
|
||
|
||
> [!info] Example
|
||
> 午後８時==ごろ==来てください。
|
||
> Please come around 8PM.
|
||
|
||
<div class="usage">
|
||
<div class="left">
|
||
<p><span class="box">V (casual)</span></p>
|
||
<p><span class="box">い/な-Adj</span></p>
|
||
<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p class="right">+ ころ</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
Means "when".
|
||
|
||
> [!info] Example
|
||
> {子供|こども}の==ころ==、毎日{公園|こうえん}で{遊|あそ}んだ。
|
||
> When I was a kid, I played every day at the park.
|
||
|
||
## までに
|
||
|
||
This indicates a time limit for the action, similar to "by".
|
||
|
||
> [!info] Example
|
||
> {来週|らい|しゅう}==までに=={終|お}わってください。
|
||
> Please finish by next week.
|
||
|
||
## ぶりに
|
||
|
||
<div class="usage">
|
||
<div class="">
|
||
<p><span class="box">N (time)</span></p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p class="r">+ ぶりに~する</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="usage">
|
||
<div class="">
|
||
<p><span class="box">N (time)</span></p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p class="r">+ ぶり + の</p>
|
||
<div class="">
|
||
<p><span class="box">N</span></p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
Means "for the first time in duration". Used for long times (can be a psychologically perceived one).
|
||
Used with nouns measuring time.
|
||
|
||
> [!info] Example
|
||
> ３{年|ねん}==ぶりに==ブラジルを{戻|もど}ります。
|
||
> For the first time in 3 years, I'm returning to Brazil.
|
||
|
||
## から〜にかけて
|
||
|
||
Means "through", "from... until". Indicates that something happens over a period of time.
|
||
|
||
> [!info] Example
|
||
> {朝|あさ}==から=={夜|よる}==にかかて==ゲームしたい。
|
||
> I want to play games from morning to night.
|