jpg-content/🔰 Grammar/Amounts - quantification.md

Amounts of quantification

以 prefix

{以上|い|じょう} means "above", "exceeding". {以下|い|か} means "below", "not exceeding". {以外|い|がい} means "excepting". {以内|い|ない} means "within".

Used with nouns.

[!info] Example １{時間|じかん}==以内=={終|お}わります。 It will be finished within an hour.

せいぜい

Means "at the most". Used before a noun of time or a verb.

[!info] Example ==せいぜい=={頑張|がんば}ります。 I'll do my best.

この木は==せいぜい==３{年|ねん}です。 This tree is at most 3 years old.

さらに

{更|さら}に means "even more", "more and more", "in addition to". Used with time, quantity, etc.

[!info] Example {新|あたら}しい{仕事|しごと}を{始|はじめ}めて==さらに==うれしいになりました。 I've become even happier with my new job.

別に～ない

{別|べつ}に means "not really", "not particularly". Used with words in negative form.

[!info] Example どうしてエアコンを{付|つ}きましたか。{今|いま}は==別に=={暑|あつ}==くない==よ。 Why did you turn on the AC? It's not that hot right now.

No matter how

どんなに～ても

どんなに +

V (て)

い-Adj い くても

な-Adj + でも

N + でも

Means "no matter how much". Also used as いくら~ても.

[!info] Example ==どんなに=={練習|れんしゅう}し==ても==、マラソンを{走|はし}れない。 No matter how much I train, I cannot run a marathon.

どうしても

Means "no matter what".

[!info] Example ==どうしても=={花火|はなび}に行きたい。 No matter what, I want to go see the fireworks.

Very

てしょうがない・てしかたがない

V (て)

い-Adj い くて

な-Adj + な で

+ しょうがない・しかたがない

Means both "extremely" and "can't be helped".

[!info] Example {今日|きょう}は{暑|あつ}く==てしょうがない==。 Today is extremely hot.

{隣|となり}の{会話|かいわ}は{聞|き}き==ってしょうがない==。 I can't help but to listen to the conversion next door.

なかなか

なかなか +

Adj

の + N

Means "very", "quite". See also Adverbs#なかなか～ない.

[!info] Example {今日|きょう}は==なかなか=={寒|さむ}いね。 It's quite cold today.

だけ

V (dictionary)

い-Adj

な-Adj + な

N

+ だけ

Means "as much". See also Only - just#だけ.

[!info] Example 私は{払|はら}うんでだ、{飲|の}む==だけ==飲んで！ I'll be paying, so drink as much as you can!

なるべく・できるだけ

Means "as much as possible". なるべく is a bit softer than できるだけ.

[!info] Example ==なるべく=={静|しず}かにしてください。 Please be as quiet as possible.

あまり

🛠🛠🛠🛠 so much… that

https://jlptsensei.com/learn-japanese-grammar/%e3%81%82%e3%81%be%e3%82%8a-amari-meaning/ https://bunpro.jp/grammar_points/%E3%81%82%E3%81%BE%E3%82%8A

あまりにも

🛠🛠🛠🛠 too much; so much… that; excessively ~

https://jlptsensei.com/learn-japanese-grammar/%e3%81%82%e3%81%be%e3%82%8a%e3%81%ab%e3%82%82-amari-ni-mo-meaning/ https://bunpro.jp/grammar_points/%E3%81%82%E3%81%BE%E3%82%8A%E3%81%AB