130 lines
3.5 KiB
Markdown
130 lines
3.5 KiB
Markdown
# Transformation
|
|
|
|
## こと: verb as noun
|
|
|
|
This allows to transform a verb into a noun (verb nominalizer).
|
|
V+こと => 食べること. The verbs are never conjugated.
|
|
|
|
> [!info] Example
|
|
> {音楽|おん|がく}を聞く==こと==が好きです。
|
|
> I like to listen to music (listening to music is something I like).
|
|
|
|
## ~さ: adjective as noun
|
|
|
|
<div class="usage">
|
|
<div class="left">
|
|
<p><span class="box">い-Adj <strike>い</strike></span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="box">な-Adj</span></p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p class="right">+ さ</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
This allows to transform an adjective into a noun (adjective nominalizer). Used to talk about the degree of the adjective. Generally objective.
|
|
|
|
> [!info] Example
|
|
> やさしい。
|
|
> Kind.
|
|
>
|
|
> やさし==さ==。
|
|
> Kindness.
|
|
|
|
## ~み: adjective as noun
|
|
|
|
<div class="usage">
|
|
<div class="left">
|
|
<p><span class="box">い-Adj <strike>い</strike></span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="box">な-Adj</span></p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p class="right">+ み</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
This allows to transform an adjective into a noun (adjective nominalizer). Similar to さ, but it is used in specific contexts. Rather than a degree, it talks about a quality. Generally subjective. Can be used with less adjectives than さ.
|
|
|
|
> [!info] Example
|
|
> 甘い。
|
|
> Sweet.
|
|
>
|
|
> 甘さ。
|
|
> Amount of sweetness.
|
|
>
|
|
> 甘==味==。
|
|
> Quality of sweetness.
|
|
|
|
## ということ: phrase as noun
|
|
|
|
This allows to transform a phrase into a noun.
|
|
|
|
<div class="usage">
|
|
<div class="left">
|
|
<p><span class="box">V (casual)</span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="box">な-Adj + だ</span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="box">N + だ</span></p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p class="right">+ ということ</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
> [!info] Example
|
|
> 毎日サッカーをする==ということ==は{大変|たい|へん}です。
|
|
> It is hard to play soccer every day.
|
|
|
|
## のは・のが: sentence as noun
|
|
|
|
<div class="usage">
|
|
<div class="left">
|
|
<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な</span></p>
|
|
<p><span class="box">N + だ</span></p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p class="right">+ のは・のが</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
Transforms a sentence into a noun.
|
|
Also means "the reason for A is B", "doing A is B".
|
|
|
|
> [!info] Example
|
|
> {勉強|べんきょう}する==のは==つまらないです。
|
|
> Studying is boring.
|
|
>
|
|
> このレストランで{一番|いち|ばん}{人気|にん|き}がある==のは=={寿司|すし}です。
|
|
> The most popular dish in the restaurant is sushi.
|
|
|
|
## くする: い-adjective as adverb
|
|
|
|
Replacing the い in a い-Adj by くする transforms it into an adverb.
|
|
大きい (big) => 大きくする (make big).
|
|
|
|
> [!info] Example
|
|
> エアコンを{点|つ}けると{空気|くう|き}が{寒|さむ}==くなる==。
|
|
> When turning on the AC, the air becomes cold.
|
|
|
|
## にする: な-adjective as adverb
|
|
|
|
Appending にする to a な-Adj transforms it into an adverb.
|
|
{静|しず}かな (quiet) => 静かにする (make quiet).
|
|
|
|
> [!info] Example
|
|
> {部屋|へや}をきれい==にして==ください。
|
|
> Please clean the room (make the room cleaner).
|
|
|
|
## がる・がっている: adjective as verb
|
|
|
|
See [[Observation - tendency - feelings#がる・がっている]].
|
|
|
|
## 的: noun as な-Adj / Adverb
|
|
|
|
This allows to change a noun into:
|
|
* ~{的|てき} な for a な-Adj
|
|
* ~{的|てき} に for an Adverb
|
|
|
|
> [!info] Example
|
|
> {感情|かんじょう}。
|
|
> Emotion.
|
|
>
|
|
> {感情|かん|じょう}==的==。
|
|
> Emotional.
|
|
>
|
|
> 彼女のスピーチはとても{感情|かん|じょう}==的==だった。
|
|
> Her speech was very emotional.
|