151 lines
3.9 KiB
Markdown
151 lines
3.9 KiB
Markdown
# Opposition
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## が
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Between two sentences, it has the meaning of "but".
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> [!info] Example
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> この{建物|たてもの}は大きいです==が==、トイレは{一|ひと}つだけあります。
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> This building is huge but has only one toilet.
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## でも
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This is the basic way to say "but".
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> [!info] Example
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> コンビニに行きました。==でも==、何も買わなかった。
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> I went to the convenience store. But I didn't buy anything.
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⚠ Do not confuse with [[TeF (4) - even if#Even if ても・でも]].
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## しかし
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This is similar to でも, meaning "however", but usually more formal and most commonly found in written form.
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> [!info] Example
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> {戦争|せん|そう}は{悪|わる}いこと。==しかし==、{人類|じん|るい}はいつも{戦|たたか}っています
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> War is bad. However, humanity is always fighting.
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## けど・けれども
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けれども is more formal than けど. Contrary to でも (which is more stand-alone), this links two clauses. The second clause can also be implicit and not said.
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> [!info] Example
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> {外|そと}は{暑|あつ}い==けど==行きたい。
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> It's hot outside but I'd still like to go.
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It can also be used to soften your assertion.
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> [!info] Example
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> {明日|あした}に行きたい==けど==。
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> I'd like to go tomorrow... (but I don't want to cause any inconvenience).
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## (ん・の)(だけど・ですけど)
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🛠 what is the nuance?
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but; however; although; regarding ~
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https://jlptsensei.com/learn-japanese-grammar/%e3%81%a0%e3%81%91%e3%81%a9-dakedo-meaning/
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https://bunpro.jp/grammar_points/%E3%82%93%E3%81%A0%E3%81%91%E3%81%A9-%E3%82%93%E3%81%A7%E3%81%99%E3%81%8C
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## に反して
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に{反|はん}して means "contrary to". Opposes the first noun to the rest of the sentence.
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> [!info] Example
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> {常識|じょうしき}==に反して==、彼は{勉強|べんきょう}しなかった。
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> Contrary to common sense, he did not study.
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## ながらも
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Means "even while", "despite". It is used to express that while something is one state, something else.
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See also [[Time#ながら]].
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> [!info] Example
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> {病気|びょうき}==ながらも==、パーティーに行くつもりです。
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> Although I am sick, I'm planning to go to party.
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## 割に
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<div class="usage">
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<div class="left">
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<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
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<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
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<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な</span></p>
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<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
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</div>
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<p class="right">+ 割に</p>
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</div>
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{割|わり}に means "considering A, B".
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> [!info] Example
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>
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considering ~; for ~; despite ~
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https://jlptsensei.com/learn-japanese-grammar/%e5%89%b2%e3%81%ab-%e3%82%8f%e3%82%8a%e3%81%ab-wari-ni-meaning/
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https://bunpro.jp/grammar_points/%E3%82%8F%E3%82%8A%E3%81%AB
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🛠 check [[Connectors - even if]]
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lots of things are similar
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## ことは～が
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<div class="usage">
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<div class="">
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<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
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</div>
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<p class="r">+ ことは + </p>
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<div class="">
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<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
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</div>
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<p class="r">+ が</p>
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</div>
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<div class="usage">
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<div class="">
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<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
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</div>
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<p class="r">+ ことは + </p>
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<div class="">
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<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
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</div>
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<p class="r">+ が</p>
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</div>
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<div class="usage">
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<div class="">
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<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な</span></p>
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</div>
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<p class="r">+ ことは + </p>
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<div class="">
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<p><span class="box">な-Adj</span></p>
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</div>
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<p class="r">+ が</p>
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</div>
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⚠ It must be the same verb and adjective at both end!
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Means "although".
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> [!info] Example
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> {勉強|べんきょう}する==ことは==する==が==、まだ{下手|へた}です。
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> Although I study everyday, I'm still bad at it.
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## に対して
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See [[Towards#In contrast to]].
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# TODO
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## といっても
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although I say; although one might say ~
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https://jlptsensei.com/learn-japanese-grammar/%e3%81%a8%e3%81%84%e3%81%a3%e3%81%a6%e3%82%82-to-ittemo-meaning/ |