92 lines
2.7 KiB
Markdown
92 lines
2.7 KiB
Markdown
# Certainty
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## Certain
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### に決まっている
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に{決|き}まっている means "certain that". It is casual.
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> [!info] Example
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> 私は{試験|しけん}を{合格|ごうかく}==に決まっている==。
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> I'm sure I'll pass the exam.
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### に違いない
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に{違|ちが}いない means "certain that". It is polite.
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> [!info] Example
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> {絶対|ぜったい}に来る==に違いない==。
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> He's definitely coming.
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### に相違ない
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に{相|そう}{違|い}ない means "certain that". It is very formal.
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> [!info] Example
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> 彼女は{必|かなら}ず{悲|かな}しい==に相違ない==。
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> I'm certain that she's sad.
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## Uncertain: というものではない
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Means "there is no guarantee that", "not necessarily".
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> [!info] Example
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> {高|}い{商品|しょうひん}を{買|か}って{良質|りょうしつ}==というものではない==。
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> Buying a product that is expensive does not guarantee that it is of good quality.
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## Not always: とは限らない
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<div class="usage">
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<div class="left">
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<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
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<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
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<p><span class="box">な-Adj + だ</span></p>
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<p><span class="box">N + だ</span></p>
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</div>
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<p class="right">+ とは限らない</p>
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</div>
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とは{限|かぎ}らない means "not always", "not necessarily".
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> [!info] Example
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> {大人|おとな}は{正|ただ}しい==とは限らない==。
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> Adults are not always right.
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## Impossible
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### わけがない
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<div class="usage">
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<div class="left">
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<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
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<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
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<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な</span></p>
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</div>
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<p class="right">+ わけがない</p>
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</div>
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Means that there is no way, "impossible". The nuance is that the way of doing is unknown, thus impossible for the subject. But someone else might know.
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It can also mean that the will to do is not present, especially with する.
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> [!info] Example
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> もうこんな時間。帰り==わけがない==。
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> It's already this late. I have no way to go back home (I don't know how).
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### ようがない・ようもない
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～{様|よう}がない means that there is no way, "impossible".
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Works by removing ～ます from a verb and adding ようがない・ようもない.
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The nuance it that it is impossible in general. With する, it can mean the same as わけがない, i.e. "I don't know how to".
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> [!info] Example
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> {全部|ぜんぶ}食べられる==ようがない==よ！
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> It is impossible to eat it all!
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### まさか
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Usually at the start of a sentence, expresses surprise, about something that seemed impossible.
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> [!info] Example
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> ==まさか=={僕|ぼく}たちのチームが{負|ま}けた。
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> I cannot believe our team lost.
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