3.2 KiB
Only, just
だけ
Means "only", "just".
[!info] Example {一|ひと}つ==だけ==ください。 Only one, please.
だけでなく
V
い-Adj
な-Adj + な・である
N (である)
+ だけでなく(て) ... (も)
Means "not only A but also B". Can also be used as だけではなく.
[!info] Example この{都市|とし}は大きい==だけでなく==、きれいでもある。 This city is not only big, it's also pretty.
きり
V (た)
N
+ きり・っきり
Used with a noun, it means "only".
[!info] Example このバスで{一度|いちど}==きり=={乗|の}った。
Used with a verb, it means "since", "after", "even since".
[!info] Example
Using it as っきり is more casual.
only; just; since; after ~
https://jlptsensei.com/learn-japanese-grammar/%e3%81%8d%e3%82%8a-kiri-meaning/ https://japanesequizzes.com/all-about-japanese-particles-%E3%81%8D%E3%82%8A-kiri/ https://bunpro.jp/grammar_points/%E3%81%8D%E3%82%8A https://yasuwangblog.com/kkiri-en/
ばかり
Means "only" or "nothing but", and can convey surprise or negative judgment depending on the context. Used with nouns and verbs.
[!info] Examples この{国|くに}の{春|はる}は雨==ばかり==だ！ In this country, there's nothing but rain in spring.
うちの{子供|こども}はテレビ==ばかり==見てる。 My child does nothing but watching TV.
ばかりで
V
い-Adj
な-Adj + な
+ ばかりで
Used to say "only" with a negative meaning.
[!info] Examples 彼は{有名|ゆうめい}な==ばかりで=={面白|おもしろ}くない。 He's only famous but not interesting.
ばかりでなく
V
い-Adj
な-Adj + な
N
+ ばかりでなく... (も)
Means "not only A but also B".
[!info] Examples 彼女は{綺麗|きれい}==ばかりでなく=={天才|てんさい}もあるです。 She's not only beautiful, she's also a genius.
Summing it up
"Only" can be said with:
- ==だけ==
- ==きり==
- ==ばかり==
"Not only" can be said with:
- ==だけでなく==
- ==ばかりでなく==
differences => https://cotoacademy.com/how-to-say-only-just-in-japanese-dake-shika-nai-bakari-whats-the-difference/
https://bunpro.jp/grammar_points/%E3%81%A0%E3%81%91%E3%81%97%E3%81%8B
TODO
てばかりいる
only; nothing but ~