1.9 KiB
Request
てください
It is a polite request that is translated as "please do". See Conjugation Basics ("command"). In casual speech, can be shortened to て.
[!info] Example {消|けし}しゴムを{貸|か}し==て==。 Lend me your eraser.
てもいい
V-て
い-Adj い くて
な-Adj + で
N + で
+ もいい
Means "is it alright if?", "may I?".
[!info] Example ここに{座|すわ}==てもいい==ですか。 May I sit here?
A more polite way is Can't help - doesn't matter#ても構わない.
ないでください
Means "please don't". It is a polite request. Removing the ください makes it more casual. Formed by a verb in the negative form (ない) with the で particle.
[!info] Example {冷蔵庫|れいぞうこ}のデザートは食べ==ないでください==。 Please do not eat the dessert from the fridge.
なさい
This form is used when commanding an action. It is used with verbs by removing the ます and adding なさい. In casual conversation, it can be shortened to な.
[!info] Example {質問|しつ|もん}を{答|こた}え==なさい==。 Answer the question.
ように言う
It means "to tell", "to request", "to order". It is form by added ように{言|い}う to a verb. The verb {頼|たの}む can be used for requests, while {命|めい}じる can be used for order. The verb {言|い}う can tell the three meanings depending on the tone. Other similar verbs can be used ({注意|ちゅうい}する, {進|すす}む, etc).
[!info] Example {子供|こども}にお{菓子|か|し}を食べない==ように言った==。 I told the kids to not eat candies.