1.9 KiB
Give and receive; lend and borrow
Give and receive
あげる
Giver が Receiver に Object を +
あげる
Used when you give an object to someone.
[!info] Example {友達|とも|だち}に本を==あげる==。 I give a book to my friend.
くれる
Giver が Receiver に Object を +
くれる
Used when someone gives an object to you.
[!info] Example {友達|とも|だち}が本を==くれる==。 My friend gives me a book.
もらう
Receiver が Giver 「に・から」 Object を +
もらう
Used when you receive an object from someone.
[!info] Example {友達|とも|だち}に本を==もらう==。 I get a book from my friend.
When to use?
Giving
There's a nuance between the two terms depending on who you are close to. The general rule is that you:
- use ==あげる== if you, your friends or family give something to others (closer to giver's side).
- use ==くれる== if you, your friends or family are receiving things from others (closer to receiver's side).
In both cases, the topic is the giver.
Receiving
There's only one word: ==もらう==, and it doesn't matter who you are close to.
In this case, the topic is the receiver.
Lend and borrow
貸す
{貸|か}す means to lend.
[!info] Examples 傘を==貸しました==。 I lent my umbrella.
傘を==貸して==くれませんか？ Could you do me a favor of lending me your umbrella?
トイレ==貸りて==もいい。 Could I use your toilets?
借りる
{借|か}りる means to borrow.
[!info] Example 傘を==借りました==。 I borrowed the umbrella.