147 lines
3.6 KiB
Markdown
147 lines
3.6 KiB
Markdown
# Comparison
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## より
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With the following pattern, it means that A is "more" Adj "than" B.
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<div class="usage">
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<p class="r">AはB +</p>
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<div class="">
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<p><span class="box">より</span></p>
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</div>
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<p class="r">+ Adj + です</p>
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</div>
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> [!info] Example
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> 電車は車==より=={速|はや}いです。
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> Trains are faster than cars.
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Do not confuse with [[🔰 Particles (2)#より (NEW!)]].
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## より(も)
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<div class="usage">
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<p class="r">V・N + </p>
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<div class="">
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<p><span class="box">より(も)</span></p>
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</div>
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<p class="r">+ Adj</p>
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</div>
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With this pattern, it just means "more".
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> [!info] Example
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> このビルは私のマンション==よりも=={高|たか}い。
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> This building is taller than my apartment.
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## というより
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<div class="usage">
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<p class="r">A + </p>
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<div class="">
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<p><span class="box">というより</span></p>
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</div>
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<p class="r">+ B</p>
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</div>
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This form is similar to より(も), but with a sense closer to "rather than".
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"It is rather B than A".
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Used with verbs, adjectives and nouns.
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> [!info] Example
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> 彼女は{恥|は}ずかしがり==というより=={静|しず}かです。
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> She is quiet rather than shy.
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## ほうがいい
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Means "should", or "it would be better", as an advice. It's better than not doing it.
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Used with a verb.
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> [!info] Example
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> 毎日{練習|れんしゅう}する==ほうがいい==。
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> It's better to train everyday.
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## より～ほうが
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<div class="usage">
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<div class="left">
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<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
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<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
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<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な</span></p>
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<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
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</div>
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<p class="right">+ ほうが</p>
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</div>
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With the following pattern, it means that B is more than A:
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<div class="usage">
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<p class="r">A +</p>
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<div class="">
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<p><span class="box">より</span></p>
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</div>
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<p class="r">+ B +</p>
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<div class="">
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<p><span class="box">ほうが</span></p>
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</div>
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</div>
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より indicates the lesser thing, and {方|ほう}が the greater thing.
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> [!info] Example
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> 昨日==より==今日の==ほうが==寒いです。
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> Today is colder than yesterday.
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## に比べて
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に{比|くら}べて is used for comparison.
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Used with nouns.
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> [!info] Example
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> 昨日==に比べて==、今日は晴れるです。
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> Compared to yesterday, it is sunny today.
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## ほど～ない
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<div class="usage">
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<p class="r">N + </p>
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<div class="">
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<p><span class="box">ほど</span></p>
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</div>
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<p class="r">+ V・Adj (ない)</p>
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</div>
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Means that the extent has not been reached, so it is not as much.
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See also [[Amounts#ほど]].
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> [!info] Example
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> {韓国|かんこく}==ほど=={辛|から}いの食べ{物|もの}は==ない==。
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> There's no food as spicy as Korean food.
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>
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> {中国|ちゅうごく}{料理|りょうり}は{韓国|かんこく}{料理|りょうり}==ほど=={辛|から}く==ない==です。
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> Korean food is spicier than Chinese food.
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## ならまだしも (NEW!)
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Means that A is okay, but B is not. "Rather", "instead".
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> [!info] Example
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> {寒|さむ}いだけ==ならまだしも==、{雨|あめ}が{降|ふ}ているから行きたくない。
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> It would be fine if it was just cold, but since it's raining I don't want to go.
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## に限る (NEW!)
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Means "the best is".
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Used with verbs and nouns.
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> [!info] Example
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> パンなら、フランス==に限る==。
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> Bread is best in France.
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## に越したことはない (NEW!)
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に{越|こし}したことはない means "there's nothing better than...". Implies that is nice to reach it.
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> [!info] Example
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> {健康|けんこう}のために{早|はや}く{寝|ね}る==に越したことはない==。
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> For your health, it's best to go to bed early.
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