2.7 KiB
Certainty
Certain
に決まっている (NEW!)
に{決|き}まっている means "certain that". It is casual.
[!info] Example 私は{試験|しけん}を{合格|ごうかく}==に決まっている==。 I'm sure I'll pass the exam.
に違いない
に{違|ちが}いない means "certain that". It is polite.
[!info] Example {絶対|ぜったい}に来る==に違いない==。 He's definitely coming.
に相違ない (NEW!)
に{相|そう}{違|い}ない means "certain that". It is very formal.
[!info] Example 彼女は{必|かなら}ず{悲|かな}しい==に相違ない==。 I'm certain that she's sad.
Uncertain: というものではない (NEW!)
Means "there is no guarantee that", "not necessarily".
[!info] Example {高|}い{商品|しょうひん}を{買|か}って{良質|りょうしつ}==というものではない==。 Buying a product that is expensive does not guarantee that it is of good quality.
Not always: とは限らない
V
い-Adj
な-Adj + だ
N + だ
+ とは限らない
とは{限|かぎ}らない means "not always", "not necessarily".
[!info] Example {大人|おとな}は{正|ただ}しい==とは限らない==。 Adults are not always right.
Impossible
わけがない
V
い-Adj
な-Adj + な
+ わけがない
Means that there is no way, "impossible". The nuance is that the way of doing is unknown, thus impossible for the subject. But someone else might know. It can also mean that the will to do is not present, especially with する.
[!info] Example もうこんな時間。帰り==わけがない==。 It's already this late. I have no way to go back home (I don't know how).
ようがない・ようもない
~{様|よう}がない means that there is no way, "impossible". Works by removing ~ます from a verb and adding ようがない・ようもない. The nuance it that it is impossible in general. With する, it can mean the same as わけがない, i.e. "I don't know how to".
[!info] Example {全部|ぜんぶ}食べられる==ようがない==よ！ It is impossible to eat it all!
まさか
Usually at the start of a sentence, expresses surprise, about something that seemed impossible.
[!info] Example ==まさか=={僕|ぼく}たちのチームが{負|ま}けた。 I cannot believe our team lost.