jpg-content/🔰 Grammar/Time.md

# Time

## とき

<div class="usage">
<div class="left">
	<p><span class="box">V (casual)</span></p>
	<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な</span></p>
	<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
</div>
	<p class="right">+ とき</p>
</div>

Means "time". When used like this, means "at the time of".

> [!info] Example
> 行った==とき==、{誰|だれ}もいなかった。
> When I went, no one was there.

## 際に

<div class="usage">
<div class="left">
	<p><span class="box">V (dictionary)</span></p>
	<p><span class="box">V (た)</span></p>
	<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
</div>
	<p class="right">+ 際に・際は</p>
</div>

{際|さい}に means "time", "when". More formal than とき.

> [!info] Example
> {家|いえ}で{入|はい}る==際に=={靴|くつ}を{脱|ぬ}いでください。
> Please take off your shoes when entering the house.

## ことがある

Means "there are time when".
Used by combining to a verb.

> [!info] Example
> {時々|とき|どき}パリへ行く==ことがある==。
> I sometimes go to Paris.

## ところ

Means "just about to". Used when describing what we're about to do.
Used by combining to a verb.

> [!info] Example
> 今ご{飯|はん}を作る==ところ==です。
> I'm about to make dinner.

## から～まで

See から: [[🔰 Particles (2)#From, since]] (from).
See まで: [[🔰 Particles (2)#まで]] (until).
See から～まで: [[🔰 Particles (2)#から～まで]] (from... until).

## 前に

<div class="usage">
<div class="left">
	<p><span class="box">V (dictionary)</span></p>
	<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
</div>
	<p class="right">+ 前に</p>
</div>

{前|まえ}に means before (time) or in front of (place).

> [!info] Examples
> {寝|ねる}る==前に==、レストランに行こうと思います。
> I think I'll go to the restaurant before sleeping.
> 
> レストランの==前に=={自転車|じ|てん|しゃ}があります。
> There are bikes in front of the restaurant.

## 後で

<div class="usage">
<div class="left">
	<p><span class="box">V (た)</span></p>
	<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
</div>
	<p class="right">+ 後で</p>
</div>

{後|あと}で means after or later.
⚠ Only works with the past form of verbs!

> [!info] Example
> 食べた==後で==、寝ます。
> After eating, I'll go to sleep.

## ころ・ごろ

<div class="usage">
<div class="">
	<p><span class="box">N (time)</span></p>
</div>
	<p class="r">+ ごろ</p>
</div>

Means "around" or "about".

> [!info] Example
> 午後８時==ごろ==来てください。
> Please come around 8PM.

<div class="usage">
<div class="left">
	<p><span class="box">V (casual)</span></p>
	<p><span class="box">い/な-Adj</span></p>
	<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
</div>
	<p class="right">+ ころ</p>
</div>

Means "when".

> [!info] Example
> {子供|こども}の==ころ==、毎日{公園|こうえん}で{遊|あそ}んだ。
> When I was a kid, I played every day at the park.

## までに

This indicates a time limit for the action, similar to "by".

> [!info] Example
> {来週|らい|しゅう}==までに=={終|お}わってください。
> Please finish by next week.

## ぶりに

<div class="usage">
<div class="">
	<p><span class="box">N (time)</span></p>
</div>
	<p class="r">+ ぶりに~する</p>
</div>
<div class="usage">
<div class="">
	<p><span class="box">N (time)</span></p>
</div>
	<p class="r">+ ぶり + の</p>
<div class="">
	<p><span class="box">N</span></p>
</div>
</div>

Means "for the first time in duration". Used for long times (can be a psychologically perceived one).
Used with nouns measuring time.

> [!info] Example
> ３{年|ねん}==ぶりに==ブラジルを{戻|もど}ります。
> For the first time in 3 years, I'm returning to Brazil.

## から〜にかけて

Means "through", "from... until". Indicates that something happens over a period of time.

> [!info] Example
> {朝|あさ}==から=={夜|よる}==にかかて==ゲームしたい。
> I want to play games from morning to night.

## 上で

<div class="usage">
<div class="left">
	<p><span class="box">V (た)</span></p>
	<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
</div>
	<p class="right">+ 上で</p>
</div>

{上|うえ}で means "after", "upon". Shows a logical progression. Mostly used in formal situations.

> [!info] Examples
> {面接|めんせつ}の==上で==、{連絡|れんらく}します。
> We will contact you after the interview.