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Merge commit '36437cf4e65bf495444f0dfd10625859ca9a9b47' into jpg
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@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ Those rules combine a verb and an adjective to make a new meaning.
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## Difficulty
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### ~やすい: easy
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### ~やすい: easy
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Means:
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* easy to do
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@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ Means:
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> {泣|な}き==やすい==。
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> Prone to crying.
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### ~にくい・~づらい: difficult
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### ~にくい・~づらい: difficult
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Means that something is difficult to do.
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While にくい is the broader form, づらい is used in a more subjective manner, for actions that are intentional.
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@@ -36,14 +36,14 @@ While にくい is the broader form, づらい is used in a more subjective mann
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### ~がたい: very difficult
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~がたい means that something is very difficult to do.
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It is more extreme than ~にくい.
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~がたい means that something is very difficult to do.
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It is more extreme than ~にくい.
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> [!info] Example
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> それは{信|しん}じ==がたい==な。
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> That's hard to believe...
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## ~始める
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## ~始める
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~{始|はじ}める means that something starts or has started. Expresses intentionality.
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@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ It is more extreme than ~にくい.
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> {飲|の}み==始める==。
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> To start to drink.
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## ~出す
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## ~出す
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~{出|だ}す means that something suddenly started. Has the nuance of being unintentional, or cannot be avoided.
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@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ It is more extreme than ~にくい.
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> 雨が降り==出した==。
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> It suddenly started raining.
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## ~続く
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## ~続く
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~{続|つづ}く means that something continues.
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@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ It is more extreme than ~にくい.
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> {飲|の}み==続ける==。
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> To continue to drink.
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## ~終わる
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## ~終わる
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~{終|お}わる means that something ends.
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@@ -95,8 +95,8 @@ This can be used both as:
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## ~切る・~切れる・~切れない
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~{切|き}る means "to do completely" and ~切れる means "able to do completely".
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The negative form ~切れない means "unable to do", "too much to complete".
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~{切|き}る means "to do completely" and ~切れる means "able to do completely".
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The negative form ~切れない means "unable to do", "too much to complete".
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It focuses on the end of the action rather than the process.
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> [!info] Example
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@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ It focuses on the end of the action rather than the process.
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## ~通す
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~{通|とお}す means "to do something until the end", "continually" or "through". It focuses on the process of the action, rather than its ending.
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~{通|とお}す means "to do something until the end", "continually" or "through". It focuses on the process of the action, rather than its ending.
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> [!info] Example
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> マラソンの{全部|ぜんぶ}を{走|はし}り==通した==。
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@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ It focuses on the end of the action rather than the process.
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## ~直す
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~{直|なお}す means to do something again.
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~{直|なお}す means to do something again.
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> [!info] Example
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> {今年|ことし}をやり==直す==てほしい。
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@@ -124,55 +124,55 @@ It focuses on the end of the action rather than the process.
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## ~っぱなし
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~っぱなし means leaving something as it is.
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~っぱなし means leaving something as it is.
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> [!info] Example
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> この13時間{飛行|ひこう}で{座|すわ}り==っぱなし==でした。
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> I sat the entire time on this 13 hours flight.
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## ~かねる
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## ~かねる
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~かねる means "unable to do", due to an external circumstance. It is polite.
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~かねる means "unable to do", due to an external circumstance. It is polite.
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> [!info] Example
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> ごめんなさい、それをでき==かねます==。
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> I'm sorry, I cannot do that.
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## ~っこない
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## ~っこない
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~っこない means that something is not possible.
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~っこない means that something is not possible.
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> [!info] Example
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> {全然|ぜんぜん}{勉強|べんきょう}しなかった。。。{合格|ごうかく}し==っこない==よ。
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> I did not study at all... There's no way I'll pass.
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## ~抜く
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## ~抜く
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~{抜|ぬ}く means to do something to the end, or completely. The nuance is that someone tried hard and has made an effort to achieve this result.
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~{抜|ぬ}く means to do something to the end, or completely. The nuance is that someone tried hard and has made an effort to achieve this result.
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> [!info] Example
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> それは{毎日|まいにち}やり==抜く=={無理|むり}ですよ。
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> You cannot do this every day.
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## ~給え
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## ~給え
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~{給|たま}え is used for a light order. It is used by someone of higher rank to someone of lower rank.
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~{給|たま}え is used for a light order. It is used by someone of higher rank to someone of lower rank.
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> [!info] Example
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> ここに{座|すわ}り==給え==。
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> Seat here.
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## ~つつ(も)
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## ~つつ(も)
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~つつ means that something happens at the same time as another action. Adding も adds the meaning of "even": "even while doing".
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~つつ means that something happens at the same time as another action. Adding も adds the meaning of "even": "even while doing".
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> [!info] Example
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> 食べ==つつ==、飲みましょう。
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> While eating, let's drink.
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## ~つつある
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## ~つつある
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~つつある means that something is in an ongoing process or action, in a similar manner as てくる.
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~つつある means that something is in an ongoing process or action, in a similar manner as てくる.
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> [!info] Example
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> {雪|ゆき}が{降|ふ}り==つつある==。
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@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ It focuses on the end of the action rather than the process.
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## ~込む
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~{込|こ}む has multiple meanings depending on the verb. Sometimes it is idiomatic and so it cannot exactly be guessed. However, there are some broad categories.
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~{込|こ}む has multiple meanings depending on the verb. Sometimes it is idiomatic and so it cannot exactly be guessed. However, there are some broad categories.
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⚠ Depending on the context, verbs can fall into multiple categories!
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