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Merge commit 'f48a4df00011999eea2fbabd2e1e9d0cc26f9bfe' into jpg

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Théo Marchal
2025-07-01 01:18:57 +02:00
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content/🔰 Grammar/Observation - hearsay.md
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@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ Similar in the quotation sense to [[Description#って・って言う・と言
## と聞いた
Used for something you heard by someone identifiable: for example, you were told by someone.
と{聞|きい}いた is used for something you heard by someone identifiable: for example, you were told by someone.
Mostly used formally.
> [!info] Example
@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ Mostly used formally.
## と言われている
Used when you heard something, but not from someone specifically identifiable: general knowledge, a rumour, etc.
と{言|い}われている is used when you heard something, but not from someone specifically identifiable: general knowledge, a rumour, etc.
For nouns, だ is placed before.
Mostly used formally.
@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ Can be used as ==ということだ== or ==とのことだ==. A more casual vers
## Summing up
* ==んだって== used for quotation, similar to って, when the information is new.
* ==と聞いた== is used for something for something you heard from an identifiable speaker. Is mostly formal.
* ==と聞いた== is used for something you heard from an identifiable speaker. Is mostly formal.
* ==と言われている== is used for something for something you heard from an unspecified speaker. Is mostly formal.
* ==そうだ== is used for hearsay and is casual.
* ==ということだ== is used for hearsay, when the validity of the information is certain. More formal than そうだ.
@ -85,3 +85,23 @@ Used with nouns. With verbs, ところ is added before.
> [!info] Examples
> {天気予報|てんきよほう}==によると=={今日|きょう}は{雪|ゆき}が{降|ふ}るようだ。
> According to the weather forecast, it's supposed to snow today.
## とか(で)
<div class="usage">
<div class="left">
<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
<p><span class="box">な-Adj + だ</span></p>
<p><span class="box">N + だ</span></p>
</div>
<p class="right">+ とか(で)</p>
</div>
Used to tell information heard via rumour. "I heard that..."
> [!info] Examples
> {目黒|めぐろ}に{住|す}んでいる==とか==。
> Apparently they live in Meguro.
Do not confuse with [[Listing#とか～とか]].