@@ -204,15 +86,107 @@ Also means that it looks like, but connecting to nouns and verbs.
> 面白==そうに==人です。
> He seems like an interesting person.
-### Summing it up
+## みたい
-🛠 To do: check validity.
+みたい means similar to, like. Used for direct observation, with a high degree of certainty in consequence. Usually used for visual observation.
+It is a less polite form of ようだ.
-* ==ようだ== is a formal way to say that it looks like, usually from direct observation.
-* ==みたい== is a less formal way, used in a casual conversation.
-* ==っぽい== is even more casual. A girl trying to be masculine would be 男っぽい.
-* ==らしい== is usually used when something is typical or expected. The same girl wouldn't be either 女らしい or 男っぽい because it's not what is expected from her.
-* ==そうだ== is used for something that is hearsay or not directly observation, more as a guess.
+### みたいだ
+
+The basic form, used with all forms of words.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 今日は暑いですね。夏==みたいだ==な。
+> It's hot today, isn't it. It looks like it's summer.
+
+### みたいに
+
+
+
+The adverbial form.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 犬==みたいに==食べた。
+> I ate like a dog.
+
+### みたいな
+
+
+
+Similar to the precedent form, but when using with nouns.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {故郷|ふる|さと}==みたいな==町だ。
+> A city like my hometown.
+
+## らしい
+
+Expresses an information based on hearsay, or based on the situation, or ressemblance. This is always used based on a source that is unknown or ambiguous. It can be similar to a guess. Similar to the "perhaps" meaning of ようだ.
+Also used for something typical, expected, characteristic.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> 男==らしい==。
+> Typical of a man (befitting of a man).
+>
+> 今日は{君|きみ}==らしくない==。
+> You aren't yourself today.
+
+## っぽい
+
+
+
+This has the meaning of like, easy to, _-ish_. Makes a direct comparison with certainty, from the point of view of the person saying it. Close to an even more casual meaning of みたい, with a focus on attitude or gesture.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {子供|こ|ども}==っぽい==。
+> Childish.
+>
+> {忘|わす}れ==っぽい==。
+> Easy to forget.
+
+## 気味
+
+
+
+{気味|ぎみ} means that it shows sign of. It talks about a condition (tiredness, sickness, lateness, etc).
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 今日、{君|きみ}はちょっと{病気|びょうき}==気味==です。
+> You look a bit sick today.
+
+## Summing up
+
+* ==ようだ== is a formal way to say that it looks like, usually from direct observation. Used for logical assumptions.
+* ==そうだ== is used for things that are on the more subjective side.
+* ==みたい== is a less formal way, used in a casual conversation. Focused on visual information.
+* ==っぽい== is even more casual. Usually used for attitude or gesture.
+* ==らしい== is usually used when something is typical or expected.
+* ==気味== is used for condition (tiredness, sickness, lateness, etc).
## に見える
@@ -232,22 +206,3 @@ This is used (unlike other forms that can apply to abstract similarities) exclus
> [!info] Example
> {彼女|かのじょ}はフランス人==に見える==。
> She looks like she is French.
-
-## I heard that...
-
-### と言われている
-
-Used for something you heard by someone identifiable: for example, you were told by someone.
-For nouns, だ is placed before.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> このレストランのカレーはおいしいだ==と言われています==。
-> The curry of this restaurant is good (someone told me).
-
-### と聞いた
-
-Used when you heard something, but not from someone specifically identifiable: general knowledge, a rumour, etc.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> 彼はバカ==と聞いた==。
-> They say he's an idiot (I've heard that he's an idiot).
diff --git a/content/🔰 Grammar/Observation - tendency - feelings.md b/content/🔰 Grammar/Observation - tendency - feelings.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..34aef72
--- /dev/null
+++ b/content/🔰 Grammar/Observation - tendency - feelings.md
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+# Observation: tendency & feelings
+
+## がる・がっている
+
+
+
+This transforms adjective into verbs, and means "to show signs of", "to appear like".
+Can be conjugated: がっている means to currently show signs, がていた means to have shown signs.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {彼女|かのじょ}は虫を{怖|ごわ}==がる==。
+> She seems afraid of insects.
+
+## がり
+
+
+
+Expresses a personality trait (tendency to, sensitivity towards).
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {彼|かれ}はを{怖|ごわ}==がり==。
+> He has a tendency of being scared.
+
+## がち
+
+
+
+Used to describe a tendency, something that happens often. Usually used for something negative.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ドイツの{電車|でんしゃ}は{遅|おく}れ==がち==。
+> Trains in Germany tend to be late.
+
+## とみえる・とみえて
+
+
+
+
V
+
い-Adj
+
な-Adj + だ
+
N + だ
+
+
+ と見える・とみえて
+
+
+Means "it seems that". Used for something that the speaker concludes, being reasonably confident.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {通|とお}りにはゴミがない。{清掃車|せいそうしゃ}が{通|とお}り{過|す}ぎた==と見える==。
+> There's no garbage in the streets. It seems the garbage truck has passed by.
+
+## ような気がする
+
+
+
+
V + ような
+
い-Adj + ような
+
な-Adj + な
+
N + のような
+
+
+ 気がする
+
+
+ような{気|き}がする means "have a feeling". Has a degree of uncertainty.
+See also [[Description#がする]].
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {今年|ことし}は{恋人|こいびと}を{見|み}つかる==ような気がする==。
+> I have a feeling I will find a lover this year.
diff --git a/content/🔰 Grammar/Only - just.md b/content/🔰 Grammar/Only - just.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2fd0468
--- /dev/null
+++ b/content/🔰 Grammar/Only - just.md
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+# Only, just
+
+## だけ
+
+Means "only", "just".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {一|ひと}つ==だけ==ください。
+> Only one, please.
+
+## だけでなく
+
+
+
+
V
+
い-Adj
+
な-Adj + な・である
+
N (である)
+
+
+ だけでなく(て) ... (も)
+
+
+Means "not only A but also B".
+Can also be used as だけではなく.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> この{都市|とし}は大きい==だけでなく==、きれいでもある。
+> This city is not only big, it's also pretty.
+
+## きり
+
+
+
+Used with verbs and nouns, it indicates a cutting off point.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {一人|ひとり}==きり==で{住|す}んでいます。
+> I live alone.
+
+Used with a noun, it means "only".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> このバスで{一度|いちど}==きり=={乗|の}った。
+> I only rode this bus once.
+
+Used with a verb, it means "since", "after", "even since".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {彼|かれ}は{卒業|そつぎょう}した==きり=={見|み}なかった。
+> I haven't seen him since we graduated.
+
+Using it as っきり is more casual.
+
+## ばかり
+
+Means "only" or "nothing but", and can convey surprise or negative judgment depending on the context.
+Used with nouns and verbs.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> この{国|くに}の{春|はる}は雨==ばかり==だ!
+> In this country, there's nothing but rain in spring.
+>
+> うちの{子供|こども}はテレビ==ばかり==見てる。
+> My child does nothing but watching TV.
+
+## ばかりで
+
+
+
+
V
+
い-Adj
+
な-Adj + な
+
+
+ ばかりで
+
+
+Used to say "only" with a negative meaning.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> 彼は{有名|ゆうめい}な==ばかりで=={面白|おもしろ}くない。
+> He's only famous but not interesting.
+
+## ばかりでなく
+
+
+
+
V
+
い-Adj
+
な-Adj + な
+
N
+
+
+ ばかりでなく... (も)
+
+
+Means "not only A but also B".
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> 彼女は{綺麗|きれい}==ばかりでなく=={天才|てんさい}もあるです。
+> She's not only beautiful, she's also a genius.
+
+## てばかりいる
+
+Means "only", "nothing but".
+Used with a verb in て form.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {僕|ぼく}の{犬|いぬ}は{鳴|な}け==てばかりいる==。
+> My dog is always barking.
diff --git a/content/🔰 Grammar/Opposition - although.md b/content/🔰 Grammar/Opposition - although.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9bf6cf5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/content/🔰 Grammar/Opposition - although.md
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+# Opposition: although
+
+## に反して
+
+に{反|はん}して means "contrary to". Opposes the first noun to the rest of the sentence.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {常識|じょうしき}==に反して==、彼は{勉強|べんきょう}しなかった。
+> Contrary to common sense, he did not study.
+
+## 割に
+
+
+
+
V
+
い-Adj
+
な-Adj + な
+
N + の
+
+
+ 割に
+
+
+{割|わり}に means "considering A, B", "although".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> このマンションは{古|ふる}い==割に=={高|たか}いです。
+> This apartment is expensive considering how old it is.
+
+## ことは~が
+
+
+
+
+
+⚠ It must be the same verb or adjective at both end!
+
+Means "although".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {勉強|べんきょう}する==ことは==する==が==、まだ{下手|へた}です。
+> Although I study everyday, I'm still bad at it.
+
+## といっても
+
+Means "although". Puts a nuance to the first statement describing that it is not as much as imagined, and adds a complimentary information.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {彼|かれ}は{医者|いしゃ}==といっても==、あまり{頭|あたま}が{良|よ}くない。
+> He may be a doctor, but he is not very smart.
+
+## に対して
+
+に{対|たい}して.
+See [[Towards#In contrast to]].
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/content/🔰 Grammar/Opposition.md b/content/🔰 Grammar/Opposition - but - however.md
similarity index 65%
rename from content/🔰 Grammar/Opposition.md
rename to content/🔰 Grammar/Opposition - but - however.md
index 878376d..1da371f 100644
--- a/content/🔰 Grammar/Opposition.md
+++ b/content/🔰 Grammar/Opposition - but - however.md
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Opposition
+# Opposition: but, however
## が
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@ This is the basic way to say "but".
> コンビニに行きました。==でも==、何も買わなかった。
> I went to the convenience store. But I didn't buy anything.
+⚠ Do not confuse with [[TeF (4) - even if#Even if ても・でも]].
+
## しかし
This is similar to でも, meaning "however", but usually more formal and most commonly found in written form.
@@ -26,7 +28,8 @@ This is similar to でも, meaning "however", but usually more formal and most c
## けど・けれども
-けれども is more formal than けど. Contrary to でも (which is more stand-alone), this links two clauses. The second clause can also be implicit and not said.
+Means "but". Contrary to でも (which is more stand-alone), this links two clauses. The second clause can also be implicit and not said.
+けれども is more formal than けど.
> [!info] Example
> {外|そと}は{暑|あつ}い==けど==行きたい。
@@ -37,3 +40,16 @@ It can also be used to soften your assertion.
> [!info] Example
> {明日|あした}に行きたい==けど==。
> I'd like to go tomorrow... (but I don't want to cause any inconvenience).
+
+## 「ん・の」「だけど・ですけど」
+
+Means "but", "however".
+の is more formal than ん, and ですけど is more formal than だけど.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {手伝|てつだ}いたい==んですけど=={暇|ひま}はない。
+> I'd like to help but I don't have time.
+
+## Summing up
+
+🛠 Todo.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/content/🔰 Grammar/Opposition - even if.md b/content/🔰 Grammar/Opposition - even if.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..29a5517
--- /dev/null
+++ b/content/🔰 Grammar/Opposition - even if.md
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+# Opposition: even if, even though
+
+## て-form: even if
+
+See [[TeF (4) - even if]].
+
+## のに
+
+Means "although", "even tough".
+See [[Connectors#のに#Even tough]].
+
+## それでも
+
+Means "but still", "even so", "anyway".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 雨が{降|ふ}っていた、==それでも==出かけていた。
+> It was raining, but I still went out.
+
+## くせに
+
+
+
+
V
+
い-Adj
+
な-Adj + な
+
N + の
+
+
+ くせに
+
+
+Means "despite", "even tough". Has a negative connotation.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {掃除|そうじ}すると言った==くせに==、まだ{汚|きたな}いよ。
+> You said you would clean it up, but it's still dirty.
+
+## たとえ~ても
+
+
+
たとえ +
+
+
V (て)
+
い-Adj い くても
+
な-Adj + でも
+
N + でも
+
+
+
+Means "even if X is the case". Used to present possibilities.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ==たとえ=={疲|つか}れ==ても==、もうちょっと{起|お}きている。
+> Even if I'm tired, I'll stay up a little longer.
+
+## たって
+
+
+
+
V (た)
+
い-Adj い くた
+
な-Adj + だ
+
N + だ
+
+
+ って
+
+
+Means "even if", "even though".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {今|いま}で行==ったって==、{間|ま}に{合|あ}わない。
+> Even if you go now, you won't make it in time.
+
+## ても始まらない
+
+ても{始|はじ}まらない means "there's no point, even if you..."
+Used with a verb in て form.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> もう{遅|おく}れているから、行==っても始まらない==。
+> I'm already late, so it's no use going now.
+
+## ところが
+
+
+
+Means "however", "even though".
+It is used to talk about an unexpected result, that is contradictory to the precedent statement.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {自転車|じてんしゃ}の{乗|の}り{方|かた}を{忘|わす}れるはありえないと{思|おも}っていた。==ところが==すっかり{忘|わす}れた。
+> I thought it was impossible to forget how to ride a bike. However, I completely forgot.
+
+## ながらも
+
+Means "even while", "despite". It is used to express that while something is one state, something else.
+See also [[Time#ながら]].
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {病気|びょうき}==ながらも==、パーティーに行くつもりです。
+> Although I am sick, I'm planning to go to party.
+
+## 「と・に」しても
+
+See [[Considering - for - as#としても]].
+See [[Considering - for - as#にしても]].
+
+## Summing up
+
+🛠 Todo.
diff --git a/content/🔰 Grammar/Planning - Wishing.md b/content/🔰 Grammar/Planning - Wishing.md
deleted file mode 100644
index b8fae53..0000000
--- a/content/🔰 Grammar/Planning - Wishing.md
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,35 +0,0 @@
-# Planning & wishing
-
-## ようと思う
-
-ようと{思|おも}う means "thinking of doing".
-Used with a verb in the volitional form (よう).
-
-> [!info] Example
-> レストランへ行こ==うと思います==。
-> I'm thinking of going to the restaurant.
-
-## つもり
-
-Means "intend to".
-
-> [!info] Example
-> 明日ゲームセンターに行く==つもり==はない。
-> I don't plan to go to the arcade tomorrow.
-
-## よてい
-
-
-
-
V (dictionary)
-
N + の
-
-
+ 予定だ
-
-
-It means "plan to".
-This form is stronger than つもり. For a same sentence, the nuance could be a strong intention for つもり, while with よてい the plan has already been booked.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> 来年日本へ行く==予定==です。
-> I'm planning to go to Japan next year (I have my tickets).
diff --git a/content/🔰 Grammar/Planning.md b/content/🔰 Grammar/Planning.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eabbf39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/content/🔰 Grammar/Planning.md
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+# Planning
+
+## ようと思う
+
+ようと{思|おも}う means "thinking of doing".
+Used with a verb in the volitional form (よう).
+
+> [!info] Example
+> レストランへ行こ==うと思います==。
+> I'm thinking of going to the restaurant.
+
+## つもり
+
+Means "intend to".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 明日ゲームセンターに行く==つもり==はない。
+> I don't plan to go to the arcade tomorrow.
+
+### つもりだった・つもりなのに
+
+Used to express that someone thought they did something.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> リンゴを買った==つもりだった==けど。
+> I'm sure I bought apples... (that was my intention, but apparently I did not)
+>
+> リンゴを買う==つもりだった==けど。
+> I was planning to buy apples... (it was my intention, but I changed my mind)
+
+### つもりで
+
+
+
+Means "with the intention of doing".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {旅行|りょこう}に行く==つもりで==、{旅行|りょこう}本を読んでいる。
+> With the intention of traveling, I'm reading a travel book.
+
+## よてい
+
+
+
+
V (dictionary)
+
N + の
+
+
+ 予定だ
+
+
+It means "plan to".
+This form is stronger than つもり. For a same sentence, the nuance could be a strong intention for つもり, while with よてい the plan has already been booked.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 来年日本へ行く==予定==です。
+> I'm planning to go to Japan next year (I have my tickets).
+
+## Summing up
+
+* ==ようとおもう== expresses a thought about doing.
+* ==つもり== expresses an intention.
+* ==予定== expresses a plan.
diff --git a/content/🔰 Grammar/Possibility - Obligation.md b/content/🔰 Grammar/Possibility - Obligation.md
deleted file mode 100644
index 4f65187..0000000
--- a/content/🔰 Grammar/Possibility - Obligation.md
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,81 +0,0 @@
-# Possibility and obligation
-
-## でも
-
-Used to list one or more possible options.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> ジュース==でも==お茶==でも==飲もうか。
-> Shall we drink something like a juice or tea?
-
-## かもしれない
-
-Express a possibility, like "perhaps".
-By order of politeness: かもしれません > かもしれない > かも.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> 今日も来る==かもしれない==。
-> He might come today too.
-
-## かどうか
-
-Means "whether or not".
-
-> [!info] Example
-> 行きたい==かどうか=={分|わ}からない。
-> I'm not sure if I want to go or not.
-
-## はずだ・はずがない
-
-
-
-
V
-
い-Adj
-
な-Adj + な
-
N + の
-
-
+ はずだ ・ はずがない
-
-
-はずだ means "it must/should be", while はずがない means "it cannot be".
-
-> [!info] Examples
-> {彼|かれ}は今日来る==はずだ==。
-> He should be coming today.
->
-> そんあ==はずがありません==。
-> This cannot be true.
-
-## ぜひ
-
-Means certainly, definitely. Expresses a wish.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> この{映画|えい|が}==ぜひ==見ます。
-> I'll watch this movie for sure.
-
-## きっと
-
-Means surely, almost certainly. Express an expectation.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> ==きっと==雨でしょう。
-> It will surely rain.
-
-## 必ず
-
-{必|かなら}ず means certainly, definitely. Expresses an obligation.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> 明日の{授業|じゅ|ぎょう}==必ず==来てください。
-> Please be sure to attend tomorrow's class.
-
-## ことができる
-
-Means "can", "able to".
-It has the same meaning as the potential form (see Conjugation [[Basics]]).
-食べる => 食べられる = 食べることができる.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> {英語|えいご}を{話|はな}す==ことが出来ない==。
-> I cannot speak English.
diff --git a/content/🔰 Grammar/Possibility - expectation.md b/content/🔰 Grammar/Possibility - expectation.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6a65ef8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/content/🔰 Grammar/Possibility - expectation.md
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+# Possibility: expectation
+
+## きっと
+
+Means surely, almost certainly. Express an expectation.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ==きっと==雨でしょう。
+> It will surely rain.
diff --git a/content/🔰 Grammar/Possibility - impossibility.md b/content/🔰 Grammar/Possibility - impossibility.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aec72a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/content/🔰 Grammar/Possibility - impossibility.md
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+# Possibility: impossibility
+
+### とても~ない
+
+Means "cannot". This form implies a strong impossibility. Used with negative verbs, often in potential form.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {苦|にが}い{食|たべ}べ{物|もの}は==とても==食べられ==ない==。
+> I cannot eat bitter food.
diff --git a/content/🔰 Grammar/Possibility - no choice.md b/content/🔰 Grammar/Possibility - no choice.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4082108
--- /dev/null
+++ b/content/🔰 Grammar/Possibility - no choice.md
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+# Possibility: no choice
+
+## しかない
+
+Means "have no choice but".
+Used with verbs in dictionary form.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {説明書|せつめいしょ}を{読|よ}む==しかない==な。
+> I guess I have no choice but to read to manual.
diff --git a/content/🔰 Grammar/Possibility - wish.md b/content/🔰 Grammar/Possibility - wish.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bc7af11
--- /dev/null
+++ b/content/🔰 Grammar/Possibility - wish.md
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+# Possibility: wish
+
+## ぜひ
+
+Means certainly, definitely. Expresses a wish.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> この{映画|えい|が}==ぜひ==見ます。
+> I'll watch this movie for sure.
diff --git a/content/🔰 Grammar/Possibility.md b/content/🔰 Grammar/Possibility.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..94ef8e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/content/🔰 Grammar/Possibility.md
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+# Possibility
+
+## でも
+
+Used to list one or more possible options.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ジュース==でも==お茶==でも==飲もうか。
+> Shall we drink something like a juice or tea?
+
+⚠ Do not confuse with [[TeF (4) - even if#Even if ても・でも]].
+
+## か何か
+
+か{何|なに}か means "or something".
+Used with nouns.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ジュース==か何か=={飲|の}もうか。
+> Shall we drink something like a juice?
+
+## かもしれない
+
+Express a possibility, like "perhaps".
+By order of politeness: かもしれません > かもしれない > かも.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 今日も来る==かもしれない==。
+> He might come today too.
+
+## もしかしたら
+
+Means "perhaps", "maybe". Usually completed by [[#かもしれない]].
+Can be used as もしかしたら, もしかすると and もしかして.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ==もしかして=={今日|きょう}も{郵便局員|ゆうびんきょくいん}が来ません==かもしれない==。
+> Perhaps the postman will not come today either.
+
+## ことができる
+
+Means "can", "able to".
+It has the same meaning as the potential form (see Conjugation [[Basics]]).
+食べる => 食べられる = 食べることができる.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {英語|えいご}を{話|はな}す==ことが出来ない==。
+> I cannot speak English.
+
+## かどうか
+
+Means "whether or not".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 行きたい==かどうか=={分|わ}からない。
+> I'm not sure if I want to go or not.
+
+## ないことはない
+
+
+
+
V (ない)
+
い-Adj い くない
+
な-Adj + ではない
+
N + ではない
+
+
+ ことはない
+
+
+Means "not impossible to", "it is not that". Used with negative forms.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 本を{読|よ}ま==ないことはない==ですが、{最近|さいきん}は{暇|ひま}がない。
+> It's not that I don't read books, it's just that I don't have free time these days.
+
+## か
+
+Means "or". Can be used when there is uncertainty between two or more choices.
+See [[Question#か]].
+
+## 又は
+
+{又|また}は can be used for two things:
+* choosing between two options ("or")
+* listing two options ("both")
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 日本語==又は==英語でしゃべれます。
+> I can speak both Japanese and English.
+
+## それとも
+
+This is used to give a choice between a limited set of two options. It is casual.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 何が食べたい。ラーメン==それとも==カレーか。
+> What do you want to eat? Ramen or curry?
diff --git a/content/🔰 Grammar/Question.md b/content/🔰 Grammar/Question.md
index 864d8f1..8ec7cfd 100644
--- a/content/🔰 Grammar/Question.md
+++ b/content/🔰 Grammar/Question.md
@@ -17,6 +17,30 @@ It can also be used when there is uncertainty between two or more choices. It ca
> 雨==か=={分|わ}かりません。
> I don't know if it will rain.
+## かな・かしら
+
+Means "I wonder", "should I?". かな is a neutral form, while かしら sounds feminine.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> この{帽子|ぼうし}を{被|かぶ}ろう==かな==。
+> Should I wear this hat?
+
+## かい
+
+Using this particle, the sentences becomes a yes/no question. Very casual, masculine connotation.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 来るの==かい==。
+> Are you coming?
+
+## どうやって
+
+Means "how", "in what way".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> これを==どうやって==作れましたか。
+> How did you make this?
+
## Probably - right - isn't it?
### でしょう
@@ -64,27 +88,3 @@ This particle when added to the end of a sentence meaning "right?".
* ==でしょう==・==だろう== expresses a probability or an assumption.
* ==ではないか==・==じゃないか== invites or suggests an action.
* ==ね== asks an agreement or a confirmation.
-
-## かな・かしら
-
-Means "I wonder", "should I?". かな is a neutral form, while かしら sounds feminine.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> この{帽子|ぼうし}を{被|かぶ}ろう==かな==。
-
-## かい
-
-Using this particle, the sentences becomes a yes/no question. Very casual, masculine connotation.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> 来るの==かい==。
-> Are you coming?
-
-## どうやって
-
-Means "how", "in what way".
-
-> [!info] Example
-> これを==どうやって==作れましたか。
-> How did you make this?
-
diff --git a/content/🔰 Grammar/Reason.md b/content/🔰 Grammar/Reason.md
index ee53160..7b9f9d8 100644
--- a/content/🔰 Grammar/Reason.md
+++ b/content/🔰 Grammar/Reason.md
@@ -24,6 +24,24 @@ It is more objective than から: it expresses a situation that exists, and that
See [[🔰 Particles (2)#Because]].
It is more subjective than ので: it expresses more personal needs/actions/opinions.
+## ことから
+
+
+
+
V
+
い-Adj
+
な-Adj + な
+
N + の
+
+
+ ことから
+
+
+Means "based on the fact that". Most formal than から, and puts an emphasis on it being true (objective information).
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {部屋|へや}から{音|おと}がある==ことから==、{誰|だれ}かいるはずです。
+> From the fact that there is sound coming from the room, someone must be there.
+
## んです・のです
@@ -49,8 +67,125 @@ It is only used with nouns when asking questions.
## のは・のが
+Means "the reason for A is B", "doing A is B".
See [[Transformation#のは・のが sentence as noun]].
-## のに
+## なぜなら~から
-See [[Connectors#のに]].
+
+
+Means "the reason is".
+There are three variations:
+* なぜなら(ば)
+* なぜかというと
+* どうしてかというと
+
+> [!info] Example
+> それを{言|い}えない!==どうしてかというと=={秘密|ひみつ}だ==から==。
+> I cannot tell you that! Why, because it's a secret.
+
+## そのために
+
+
+
+Means "for that reason", "because of".
+See also [[Connectors - in order to#ために]].
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {丸|まる}い{日|にち}{働|はたら}いていた、==そのために=={今|いま}{寝|ね}に行きます。
+> I worked the whole day. For that reason, I'm going to bed.
+>
+> {日本|にほん}に行きたい。==そのために==、{日本語|にほんご}をちゃんと{勉強|べんきょう}しています。
+> I want to go to Japan. In order to do so, I'm studying seriously.
+
+## せいで
+
+
+
+
V
+
い-Adj
+
な-Adj + な
+
N + の
+
+
+ せいで
+
+
+Means "because of". Mostly used for negative contexts, to blame, etc.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> あなたの==せいで=={負|ま}けた。
+> We lost because of you.
+
+## おかげで
+
+
+
+
V
+
い-Adj
+
な-Adj + な
+
N + の
+
+
+ おかげで
+
+
+Means "because of". Used for positive contexts, like "thanks to".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> あなたの==おかげで=={勝|か}った。
+> We lost because of you.
+
+## というのは
+
+
+
+Means "this means", "known as", "because".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 「モバゲー」==というのは==モバイルゲームのことです。
+> "Mobage" stands for mobile game.
+
+## わけだ・わけではない
+
+
+
+
V
+
い-Adj
+
な-Adj + な
+
N + の
+
+
+ わけだ・わけではない
+
+
+わけだ・わけです means "for that reason", "as you'd expect".
+わけではない・わけじゃない means "it doesn't mean that".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {毎日|まいにち}{料理|りょうり}を{作|つく}るからうまくになった==わけだ==。
+> I got good at cooking because I cook every day.
+
+See also [[Certainty#わけがない]].
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/content/🔰 Grammar/Request.md b/content/🔰 Grammar/Request.md
index 34cec68..a451823 100644
--- a/content/🔰 Grammar/Request.md
+++ b/content/🔰 Grammar/Request.md
@@ -27,6 +27,8 @@ Means "is it alright if?", "may I?".
> ここに{座|すわ}==てもいい==ですか。
> May I sit here?
+A more polite way is [[Can't help - doesn't matter#ても構わない]].
+
## ないでください
Means "please don't". It is a polite request. Removing the ください makes it more casual.
diff --git a/content/🔰 Grammar/State.md b/content/🔰 Grammar/State.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ae0cb80
--- /dev/null
+++ b/content/🔰 Grammar/State.md
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+# State
+
+## まま
+
+
+
+
V (ない)
+
V (た)
+
い-Adj
+
な-Adj
+
N + の
+
+
+ まま
+
+
+Means that something doesn't change state, stays as it is.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {開|あ}けた==まま==。
+> To be left open.
+>
+> {熱|あつ}い==まま==。
+> Still hot.
+>
+> {昔|むかし}の==まま==。
+> As it always been.
+>
+> その==まま==でいい。
+> It is fine as it is.
+
+## さえ~ば
+
+
+
+
+
+Means "as long as", "if only". If a certain condition is met, the result will be okay.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {公園|こうえん}==さえ==あれ==ば==、うれしいです。
+> As long as there is a park, I am happy.
+
+## かける
+
+Means "half", "not yet finished", "in the middle of".
+Made by removing the ます stem of a verb.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> この{本棚|ほんだな}はまだ{作|つく}り==かける==です。
+> This bookshelf is not yet finished building.
+
+## 一方だ
+
+{一方|いっぽう}だ means "to continue to", "more and more".
+Used with verbs that expresses change.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {禁煙|きんえん}の{場所|ばしょ}は{増|ふ}えている==一方です==。
+> The number of places where smoking is prohibited keeps increasing.
+
+## 結果
+
+
+
+{結果|けっか} means "as a result of", "after".
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {遅|おく}れた==結果==もう{全部|ぜんぶ}の{切符|きっぷ}は{売|う}り{切|き}れた。
+> As a result of being late, all the tickets were already sold out.
+
+## 結局
+
+{結局|けっきょく} means "after all", "in the end". Acts as a conclusion.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> ==結局=={卒業|そつぎょう}した。
+> In the end, I graduated.
diff --git a/content/🔰 Grammar/Talking about.md b/content/🔰 Grammar/Talking about.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e1d3140
--- /dev/null
+++ b/content/🔰 Grammar/Talking about.md
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+# Talking about
+
+## と言えば・と言うと
+
+と{言|い}えば・と{言|い}うと means "speaking of".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 日本==と言えば==、富士山です。
+> Speaking of Japan, Mount Fuji comes to mind.
+
+## において・における
+
+Means "in", "at", "regarding".
+Used with nouns. Is used in formal language.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {冬|ふゆ}==において=={雪|ゆき}が{降|ふ}る。
+> Snow falls in winter.
+>
+> 荒川==において=={花火|はなび}。
+> Fireworks held on Arakawa River.
+
+## について
+
+Means "concerning", "about".
+Used with nouns.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {面接|めんせつ}==について==はいつがよろしいでしょうか。
+> Regarding the interview, when would be a good time?
+
+## に関する・に関して
+
+に{関|かん}する・に{関|かん}して means "related to", "about". More formal than について.
+Used with nouns.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ロボット==に関して==ゲームがあるんです。
+> Are there any games about robots?
+
+## つまり
+
+Means "in other words". Used after a first phrase for an alternative explanation.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> この{映画|えいが}は120分、==つまり==2時です。
+> This movie is 120 minutes, that is to say 2 hours.
+
+## すなわち
+
+Means "in other words". More formal than つまり.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> この{映画|えいが}は120分、==すなわち==2時です。
+> This movie is 120 minutes, that is to say 2 hours.
+
+## にかけて
+
+Means "through", "concerning". It is used for something that happens over a period of time.
+Used with a noun.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {日本|にほん}には6月から9月==にかけて==は{暑|あつ}いです。
+> It is hot in Japan from June through September.
+
+## をはじめ
+
+Means "starting with", "not only".
+Used with nouns.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 漫画==をはじめ=={日本|にほん}の{文化|ぶんか}は{面白|おもしろ}い。
+> Japanese culture, starting with manga, is interesting.
+>
+> フランスの文化はパン==をはじめ==、ワインも{人気|にんき}です。
+> French culture is popular not only for bread, but also for wine.
+
+## にとって
+
+Means "concerning", "regarding". Focuses on the standpoint of the preceding part.
+Used with nouns.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 猫==にとって=={睡眠|すい|みん}は{大切|たいせつ}です。
+> Sleeping is important for cats.
+
+## なんか・なんて
+
+Means "such as", "things like". It is used to give examples or to show emphasis.
+なんか is more informal than なんて. Both are spoken form, while [[Listing#など]] is more written.
+なんて is used with all words, while なんか is used with nouns.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> iPod==なんか=={古|ふる}いな{物|もの}です。
+> Things like iPod are old.
+
+## 例えば
+
+{例|たと}えば means "for example".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {虫|むし}が{好|すき}きです。==例えば=={蝉|せみ}です。
+> I like insect. For example, cicadas.
diff --git a/content/🔰 Grammar/Time - during.md b/content/🔰 Grammar/Time - during.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e9dd9b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/content/🔰 Grammar/Time - during.md
@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+# Time: during
+
+## 間
+
+
+
+
V (dictionary)
+
N + の
+
+
+ 間
+
+
+{間|あいだ} means "while" or "during". Used to express something that is done for the whole period of time.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 電車に{乗|の}っている==間==、ゲームをしてた。
+> While I was on the train, I was playing a game.
+
+Can also be used to talk about a distance between two physical places or the time between two things.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 1時から9じまでの==間==、{寝|ね}ます。
+> I sleep between 1AM and 9AM.
+
+## 間に
+
+
+
+
V (casual, non-past)
+
い-Adj
+
な-Adj + な
+
N + の
+
+
+ 間に
+
+
+A first meaning is similar to {間|あいだ} (while), but with intentionality.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 電車に{乗|の}った==間に==、本を読みました。
+> While I was on the train, I read a book.
+
+A second meaning is a statement of something that happened during a time period, independently of your actions.
+Contrary to 間, it doesn't include the whole time period. So 間に means that at a point during the time period, something happened.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {夜|よる}の==間に==、{隣|となり}の木が{落|お}ちていた。
+> During the night, the tree next door fell.
+
+## ながら
+
+
+
+Means "while", "simultaneously". The difference with ついでに is that here the main action is the second one.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {歩|ある}き==ながら=={電話|でん|わ}を見ています。
+> While walking, I'm looking at my phone.
+
+## ついでに
+
+
+
+
V (dictionary)
+
V (た)
+
N + の
+
+
+ ついでに
+
+
+Means "while", "at the same time". The difference with ながら is that here the main action is the first one.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> スーパーに行く==ついでに==、おにぎりを{買|か}ってくれませんか。
+> While you're going to the supermarket, could you bring onigiri?
+
+## 中
+
+{中|ちゅう}・{中|じゅう} means different things depending on its pronunciation:
+* ちゅう is used when pointing a specific time: "during", "at some point".
+* じゅう is used for the entire time or area: "through", "within", "before it ends".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {午後|ごご}==中==に{会議|かいぎ}がある。
+> There is a meeting in the afternoon (ちゅう).
+>
+> {今年|ことし}==中==にスウェーデンに行きたい。
+> I want to go to Sweden before the end of this year (じゅう).
+
+## うちに
+
+
+
+
V (casual)
+
い-Adj
+
な-Adj + な
+
N + の
+
+
+ うちに
+
+
+Means "while". The nuance is that the time is optimal and should be taken advantage of.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {晴|は}れる==うちに=={散歩|さんぽ}しましょう。
+> Let's take a walk while the weather is nice.
+
+## 途中で・途中に
+
+
+
+
V (dictionary)
+
N + の
+
+
+ 途中で・途中に
+
+
+{途中|とちゅう}で・{途中|とちゅう}に means "in the middle of", "on the way".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {帰|かえ}る==途中で=={自動販売機|じ|どう|はん|ばい|き}で{飲|のみ}み{物|もの}を{買|か}った。
+> On the way home, I bought a drink from the vending machine.
+
+## ているところ
+
+Means "in the process/middle of doing".
+See [[TeF (2) - manner of doing#ているところ]].
+
+## 最中に
+
+
+
+{最中|さいちゅう}に means "in the middle of". Happens during something else, interrupting or disturbing it.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {運転|うんてん}していた==最中に=={鹿|しか}が{現|あらわ}れた。
+> While I was driving, a deer appeared.
+
+## しばらく
+
+Means "for a while", "for now".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ==しばらく==お{待|ま}ちください。
+> Please wait for a moment.
diff --git a/content/🔰 Grammar/Time - finally.md b/content/🔰 Grammar/Time - finally.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b6bd4b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/content/🔰 Grammar/Time - finally.md
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+# Time: finally
+
+## やっと
+
+Means that something happened at last. More rarely means "barely".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ==やっと=={論文|ろん|ぶん}を書き{終|お}わった。
+> I finally finished writing my thesis.
+
+## ついに
+
+Means "finally", "at last". Something happened after working to accomplish the goal.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ==ついに== {新|あたら}しい{地下鉄|ちかてつ}が{出来上|で|き|あ}がった。
+> At last, the new subway was completed.
diff --git a/content/🔰 Grammar/Time - recently.md b/content/🔰 Grammar/Time - recently.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4d24d21
--- /dev/null
+++ b/content/🔰 Grammar/Time - recently.md
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+# Time: recently
+
+## さっき
+
+Means that something happened recently, either just now, or a little while ago.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ==さっき==家に出てきた。
+> I just left home.
+
+## たところ
+
+Combined with a verb in the past tense, it express that something just occurred (something just ended, just started, etc).
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 今食べた==ところ==だ。
+> I just finished to eat right now.
+
+## たばかり
+
+Combined with a verb in the past tense, it express that something just occurred (something just ended, just started, etc). It is more subjective than ところ. It doesn't have to be something that literally just happened, but something that feels like it just happened.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 今食べた==ばかり==だ。
+> I just finished to eat right now.
+
+When comparing the two examples, the meaning is different depending on the context. Imagine a friend asking you to go eat with him. When using ところ, it means you just finished your meal this instant. When using ばかり, it means that it feels too soon to eat again just yet from your point of view, independently of how much time has really passed.
+
+## たて
+
+
+
+
+Means that something has just been finished. It cannot be used with all verbs. It has a meaning of something fresh, that changes after completion (fresh food that degrades, etc).
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {炊|たき}き==たて==のお{好|この}み{焼|やき}きを食べるべきです。
+> You should eat freshly cooked okonomiyaki.
diff --git a/content/🔰 Grammar/Time - regularity.md b/content/🔰 Grammar/Time - regularity.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bac985c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/content/🔰 Grammar/Time - regularity.md
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+# Time: regularity
+
+## たびに
+
+
+
+
V (dictionary)
+
N + の
+
+
+ たびに
+
+
+Means "whenever", "every time".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {犬|いぬ}を{見|み}る==たびに=={幸|しあわ}せになる。
+> Whenever I see a dog, I feel happy.
+
+## おきに
+
+Means "every other". This is used for repeated intervals, after a noun indicating something measurable.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> この電車は4分==おきに=={出発|しゅ|っぱつ}します。
+> This train leaves every four minutes.
+
+## ごとに
+
+
+
+Means "each", "every". Used for intervals.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {彼女|かのじょ}に{会|あ}う==ごとに==、{心|こころ}がドキドキする。
+> Every time I see her, my heart pounds.
+
+## おきに vs ごとに
+
+The way the intervals are counted between these two grammar structure is different.
+* おきに refers to what is _inside_ the interval.
+* ごとに refers to the interval _per se_.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 1日==おきに== =2日==ごとに== = every other day = every second day
+> ●○●○●○●
+>
+> 2日==おきに== =3日==ごとに== (every three days = every third day)
+> ●○○●○○●○○●
diff --git a/content/🔰 Grammar/Time - surprise.md b/content/🔰 Grammar/Time - surprise.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ab9bfe2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/content/🔰 Grammar/Time - surprise.md
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+# Time: surprise
+
+## 急に
+
+{急|きゅう}に means that something happened unexpectedly or quickly.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ==急に==電車が{現|あらわ}れた。
+> A train suddenly appeared.
+
+## ふと
+
+This means "suddenly", "unexpectedly", "unintentionally". Emphasis is on the lack of intention.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ==ふと=={通|とお}りに1000円を{見|み}つけた。
+> I found 1000 yen on the street by chance.
+
+## たとたん
+
+Means "just as". Used for an action that happens just at the moment something else occurs. Can convey a nuance of something unexpected or surprising.
+Used with verbs in the past form (た).
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {部屋|へや}を{掃除|そうじ}し==たとたん==、うちの{猫|ねこ}が{吐|は}いてしまった。
+> As soon as I cleaned my room, my cat vomited.
diff --git a/content/🔰 Grammar/Time.md b/content/🔰 Grammar/Time.md
index de26110..e148e17 100644
--- a/content/🔰 Grammar/Time.md
+++ b/content/🔰 Grammar/Time.md
@@ -18,14 +18,22 @@ Means "time". When used like this, means "at the time of".
> 行った==とき==、{誰|だれ}もいなかった。
> When I went, no one was there.
-## ところ
+## 際に
-Means "just about to". Used when describing what we're about to do.
-Used by combining to a verb.
+
+
+
V (dictionary)
+
V (た)
+
N + の
+
+
+ 際に・際は
+
+
+{際|さい}に means "time", "when". More formal than とき.
> [!info] Example
-> 今ご{飯|はん}を作る==ところ==です。
-> I'm about to make dinner.
+> {家|いえ}で{入|はい}る==際に=={靴|くつ}を{脱|ぬ}いでください。
+> Please take off your shoes when entering the house.
## ことがある
@@ -36,73 +44,20 @@ Used by combining to a verb.
> {時々|とき|どき}パリへ行く==ことがある==。
> I sometimes go to Paris.
-## ながら
+## ところ
-
-
-Means "while", "simultaneously".
+Means "just about to". Used when describing what we're about to do.
+Used by combining to a verb.
> [!info] Example
-> {歩|ある}き==ながら=={電話|でん|わ}を見ています。
-> While walking, I'm looking at my phone.
+> 今ご{飯|はん}を作る==ところ==です。
+> I'm about to make dinner.
-## 間
+## から~まで
-
-
-
V (dictionary)
-
N + の
-
-
+ 間
-
-
-{間|あいだ} means "while" or "during". Used to express something that is done for the whole period of time.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> 電車に{乗|の}っている==間==、ゲームをしてた。
-> While I was on the train, I was playing a game.
-
-Can also be used to talk about a distance between two physical places or the time between two things.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> 1時から9じまでの==間==、{寝|ね}ます。
-> I sleep between 1AM and 9AM.
-
-## 間に
-
-
-
-
V (casual, non-past)
-
い-Adj
-
な-Adj + な
-
N + の
-
-
+ 間に
-
-
-A first meaning is similar to {間|あいだ} (while), but with intentionality.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> 電車に{乗|の}った==間に==、本を読みました。
-> While I was on the train, I read a book.
-
-A second meaning is a statement of something that happened during a time period, independently of your actions.
-Contrary to 間, it doesn't include the whole time period. So 間に means that at a point during the time period, something happened.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> {夜|よる}の==間に==、{隣|となり}の木が{落|お}ちていた。
-> During the night, the tree next door fell.
-
-# から~まで
-
-See から: [[🔰 Particles (2)#From, since]].
-See まで: [[🔰 Particles (2)#まで]].
-See から~まで: [[🔰 Particles (2)#から~まで]].
+See から: [[🔰 Particles (2)#From, since]] (from).
+See まで: [[🔰 Particles (2)#まで]] (until).
+See から~まで: [[🔰 Particles (2)#から~まで]] (from... until).
## 前に
@@ -140,75 +95,13 @@ See から~まで: [[🔰 Particles (2)#から~まで]].
> 食べた==後で==、寝ます。
> After eating, I'll go to sleep.
-## さっき
-
-Means that something happened recently, either just now, or a little while ago.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> ==さっき==家に出てきた。
-> I just left home.
-
-## たところ
-
-Combined with a verb in the past tense, it express that something just occurred (something just ended, just started, etc).
-
-> [!info] Example
-> 今食べた==ところ==だ。
-> I just finished to eat right now.
-
-## ているところ
-
-See [[TeF (2) - manner of doing#ているところ]].
-
-## たばかり
-
-Combined with a verb in the past tense, it express that something just occurred (something just ended, just started, etc). It is more subjective than ところ. It doesn't have to be something that literally just happened, but something that feels like it just happened.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> 今食べた==ばかり==だ。
-> I just finished to eat right now.
-
-When comparing the two examples, the meaning is different depending on the context. Imagine a friend asking you to go eat with him. When using ところ, it means you just finished your meal this instant. When using ばかり, it means that it feels too soon to eat again just yet from your point of view, independently of how much time has really passed.
-
-## 急に
-
-{急|きゅう}に means that something happened unexpectedly or quickly.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> ==急に==電車が{現|あらわ}れた。
-> A train suddenly appeared.
-
-## やっと
-
-Means that something happened at last. More rarely means "barely".
-
-> [!info] Example
-> ==やっと=={論文|ろん|ぶん}を書き{終|お}わった。
-> I finally finished writing my thesis.
-
-## までに
-
-This indicates a time limit for the action, similar to "by".
-
-> [!info] Example
-> {来週|らい|しゅう}==までに=={終|お}わってください。
-> Please finish by next week.
-
-## おきに
-
-This is used for repeated intervals, after a noun indicating something measurable.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> この電車は4分==おきに=={出発|しゅ|っぱつ}します。
-> This train leaves every four minutes.
-
## ころ・ごろ
-
Means "around" or "about".
@@ -229,5 +122,62 @@ Means "around" or "about".
Means "when".
> [!info] Example
-> 子供の==ころ==、毎日{公園|こうえん}で{遊|あそ}んだ。
+> {子供|こども}の==ころ==、毎日{公園|こうえん}で{遊|あそ}んだ。
> When I was a kid, I played every day at the park.
+
+## までに
+
+This indicates a time limit for the action, similar to "by".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {来週|らい|しゅう}==までに=={終|お}わってください。
+> Please finish by next week.
+
+## ぶりに
+
+
+
+
+Means "for the first time in duration". Used for long times (can be a psychologically perceived one).
+Used with nouns measuring time.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 3{年|ねん}==ぶりに==ブラジルを{戻|もど}ります。
+> For the first time in 3 years, I'm returning to Brazil.
+
+## から〜にかけて
+
+Means "through", "from... until". Indicates that something happens over a period of time.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {朝|あさ}==から=={夜|よる}==にかかて==ゲームしたい。
+> I want to play games from morning to night.
+
+## 上で
+
+
+
+{上|うえ}で means "after", "upon". Shows a logical progression. Mostly used in formal situations.
+
+> [!info] Examples
+> {面接|めんせつ}の==上で==、{連絡|れんらく}します。
+> We will contact you after the interview.
diff --git a/content/🔰 Grammar/Towards.md b/content/🔰 Grammar/Towards.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5458440
--- /dev/null
+++ b/content/🔰 Grammar/Towards.md
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+# Towards
+
+## 向け
+
+{向|む}け means "intended for", "aimed at".
+Used with nouns.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> この本は{子供|こども}==向け==です。
+> The book is for children.
+
+## 向き
+
+{向|む}き means "suitable for". Close to 向け, but intended doesn't exactly means suitable.
+Also means "facing".
+Used with nouns.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> この{建物|たてもの}は{南|みなみ}==向き==です。
+> This building is facing south.
+
+## を中心に
+
+を{中心|ちゅう|しん}に means "mainly", "focused on".
+Used with nouns.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> ポケモンはポケモン==を中心にする==ゲームです。
+> Pokémon is a game centered around on Pokémon battles.
+>
+> この{授業|じゅぎょう}は{漢字|かんじ}==を中心に=={習|なら}います。
+> This class focuses on learning kanjis.
+
+## に対して
+
+### Towards
+
+The first meaning of に{対|たい}して is "towards", "regarding". Focuses on action, attitude, feelings, etc.
+Used with a noun.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {彼|かれ}は{子供|こども}==に対して=={優|やさ}しいです。
+> He is kind towards children.
+
+### In contrast to
+
+
+
+
V + の
+
い-Adj
+
な-Adj + な + の
+
N + な + の
+
+
+ に対して
+
+
+The second meaning is "in contrast to".
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {弟|おとうと}は{漢字|かんじ}を{読|よ}むこと==に対して==、{私|わたし}が{読|よ}みません。
+> My little brother can read kanji, whereas I can't.
diff --git a/content/🔰 Grammar/Transformation.md b/content/🔰 Grammar/Transformation.md
index 6795188..b31c27e 100644
--- a/content/🔰 Grammar/Transformation.md
+++ b/content/🔰 Grammar/Transformation.md
@@ -11,16 +11,16 @@ V+こと => 食べること. The verbs are never conjugated.
## ~さ: adjective as noun
-This allows to transform an adjective into a noun (adjective nominalizer).
-
+This allows to transform an adjective into a noun (adjective nominalizer). Used to talk about the degree of the adjective. Generally objective.
+
> [!info] Example
> やさしい。
> Kind.
@@ -28,6 +28,28 @@ This allows to transform an adjective into a noun (adjective nominalizer).
> やさし==さ==。
> Kindness.
+## ~み: adjective as noun
+
+
+
+This allows to transform an adjective into a noun (adjective nominalizer). Similar to さ, but it is used in specific contexts. Rather than a degree, it talks about a quality. Generally subjective. Can be used with less adjectives than さ.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 甘い。
+> Sweet.
+>
+> 甘さ。
+> Amount of sweetness.
+>
+> 甘==味==。
+> Quality of sweetness.
+
## ということ: phrase as noun
This allows to transform a phrase into a noun.
@@ -68,7 +90,7 @@ Also means "the reason for A is B", "doing A is B".
> このレストランで{一番|いち|ばん}{人気|にん|き}がある==のは=={寿司|すし}です。
> The most popular dish in the restaurant is sushi.
-## くする: い-adjectives as adverbs
+## くする: い-adjective as adverb
Replacing the い in a い-Adj by くする transforms it into an adverb.
大きい (big) => 大きくする (make big).
@@ -77,7 +99,7 @@ Replacing the い in a い-Adj by くする transforms it into an adverb.
> エアコンを{点|つ}けると{空気|くう|き}が{寒|さむ}==くなる==。
> When turning on the AC, the air becomes cold.
-## にする: な-adjectives as adverbs
+## にする: な-adjective as adverb
Appending にする to a な-Adj transforms it into an adverb.
{静|しず}かな (quiet) => 静かにする (make quiet).
@@ -86,6 +108,22 @@ Appending にする to a な-Adj transforms it into an adverb.
> {部屋|へや}をきれい==にして==ください。
> Please clean the room (make the room cleaner).
-## がる・がっている: adjectives as verbs
+## がる・がっている: adjective as verb
-See [[Observation - Description#がる・がっている]].
+See [[Observation - tendency - feelings#がる・がっている]].
+
+## 的: noun as な-Adj / Adverb
+
+This allows to change a noun into:
+* ~{的|てき} な for a な-Adj
+* ~{的|てき} に for an Adverb
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {感情|かんじょう}。
+> Emotion.
+>
+> {感情|かん|じょう}==的==。
+> Emotional.
+>
+> 彼女のスピーチはとても{感情|かん|じょう}==的==だった。
+> Her speech was very emotional.
diff --git a/content/🔰 Grammar/Wanting.md b/content/🔰 Grammar/Wanting.md
index aeaa372..f710c03 100644
--- a/content/🔰 Grammar/Wanting.md
+++ b/content/🔰 Grammar/Wanting.md
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ This form is used for yourself when you want to do something. It can be conjugat
This form is used to express that someone else wants to do something.
-See also [[Observation - Description#がる・がっている]].
+See also [[Observation - tendency - feelings#がる・がっている]].
> [!info] Examples
> {彼女|かのじょ}は毎日{練習|れんしゅう}し==たがった==。
diff --git a/content/🔰 Grammar/Without.md b/content/🔰 Grammar/Without.md
index 8c99c0f..9848995 100644
--- a/content/🔰 Grammar/Without.md
+++ b/content/🔰 Grammar/Without.md
@@ -3,7 +3,18 @@
## ないで
Means "without doing". Formed with a verb in the negative tense (ない).
+It is a bit more casual than ずに.
> [!info] Example
> {勉強|べんきょう}し==ないで=={卒業|そつぎょう}した。
-> I graduated without studying.
\ No newline at end of file
+> I graduated without studying.
+
+## ずに
+
+Means "without doing". Formed with a verb in the negative tense (ない) by removing the -ない stem and adding ずに.
+する transforms to せずに.
+It is a bit more formal than ないで.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 毎日食べ==ずに==出かける。
+> Everyday, I go out without eating.
diff --git a/content/🔰 Grammar/🔰 Particles (1).md b/content/🔰 Grammar/🔰 Particles (1).md
index e14d3d7..6bf6f72 100644
--- a/content/🔰 Grammar/🔰 Particles (1).md
+++ b/content/🔰 Grammar/🔰 Particles (1).md
@@ -14,6 +14,12 @@ When a sentence is negative, は is usually used instead of が and を.
> 肉==は==食べません。
> I don't eat meat.
+When used with a noun that is a number or an amount, it takes the meaning of "at least" or "around". Can be mixed with [[Amount#くらい]].
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {毎週|まいしゅう}2{回|かい}==は=={映画館|えいがかん}に行きます。
+> I go to the cinema at least twice a week.
+
## が
The が particle indicates the subject of a sentence.
diff --git a/content/🔰 Grammar/🔰 Particles (2).md b/content/🔰 Grammar/🔰 Particles (2).md
index f523cae..1e84aff 100644
--- a/content/🔰 Grammar/🔰 Particles (2).md
+++ b/content/🔰 Grammar/🔰 Particles (2).md
@@ -47,21 +47,54 @@ These two particles are frequently used together. It means "from X to Y".
> {朝|あさ}に6時==から==7時==まで==電車で{通|かよ}うっています。
> I commute by train from 6am to 7am.
-## だけ
+## っけ
-Means "only", "just".
+
+
+
V
+
い-Adj い かった
+
な-Adj + だ・だった
+
N + だ・だった
+
+
+ っけ
+
+
+Used when the speaker tries to remember, or confirm an information, that has been forgotten.
> [!info] Example
-> {一|ひと}つ==だけ==ください。
-> Only one, please.
+> {会議|かいぎ}は今日だった==っけ==。
+> Was the meeting today?
-### だけで
+## こそ
-Means "just by doing".
+Means "for sure". Used to emphasize words.
+Used with nouns.
+
+⚠ Replaces the を and が particle. It is, in a certain way, a stronger way than が to highlight information.
> [!info] Example
-> 見る==だけ==で{楽|たの}しいですね。
-> Just looking at it is fun, isn't it.
+> {今年|ことし}==こそ=={日本|にほん}を{住|す}む。
+> This year, for sure I'll live in Japan.
+
+## さえ
+
+
+
+
V (て)
+
V ます
+
N + で
+
N +
+
+
+ さえ
+
+
+Means "even", "not even" (with negative verbs).
+
+> [!info] Example
+> {先生|せんせい}で==さえ==、この{曲|きょく}を{弾|ひ}くことは{難|むずか}しいです。
+> Even for my teacher, this composition is difficult to play.
+
+⚠ With conditional verbs, it means "only". See [[State#さえ~ば]].
## Sentence ending