# Only, just

## だけ

Means "only", "just".

> [!info] Example
> {一|ひと}つ==だけ==ください。
> Only one, please.

## だけでなく

<div class="usage">
<div class="left">
	<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
	<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な・である</span></p>
	<p><span class="box">N (である)</span></p>
</div>
	<p class="right">+ だけでなく(て) ... (も)</p>
</div>

Means "not only A but also B".
Can also be used as だけではなく.

> [!info] Example
> この{都市|とし}は大きい==だけでなく==、きれいでもある。
> This city is not only big, it's also pretty.

## のみ (NEW!)

It is a more formal, written version of だけ. It is only used with nouns.

> [!info] Example
> この{道|みち}は{歩行者|ほこうしゃ}==のみ==です。
> This road is pedestrian only.

## きり

<div class="usage">
<div class="left">
	<p><span class="box">V (た)</span></p>
	<p><span class="box">N</span></p>
</div>
	<p class="right">+ きり・っきり</p>
</div>

Used with verbs and nouns, it indicates a cutting off point.

> [!info] Example
> {一人|ひとり}==きり==で{住|す}んでいます。
> I live alone.

Used with a noun, it means "only".

> [!info] Example
> このバスで{一度|いちど}==きり=={乗|の}った。
> I only rode this bus once.

Used with a verb, it means "since", "after", "even since".

> [!info] Example
> {彼|かれ}は{卒業|そつぎょう}した==きり=={見|み}なかった。
> I haven't seen him since we graduated.

Using it as っきり is more casual.

## ばかり

Means "only" or "nothing but", and can convey surprise or negative judgment depending on the context.
Used with nouns and verbs.

> [!info] Examples
> この{国|くに}の{春|はる}は雨==ばかり==だ！
> In this country, there's nothing but rain in spring.
> 
> うちの{子供|こども}はテレビ==ばかり==見てる。
> My child does nothing but watching TV.

## ばかりで

<div class="usage">
<div class="left">
	<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
	<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な</span></p>
</div>
	<p class="right">+ ばかりで</p>
</div>

Used to say "only" with a negative meaning.

> [!info] Examples
> 彼は{有名|ゆうめい}な==ばかりで=={面白|おもしろ}くない。
> He's only famous but not interesting.

## ばかりでなく

<div class="usage">
<div class="left">
	<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
	<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
	<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な</span></p>
	<p><span class="box">N</span></p>
</div>
	<p class="right">+ ばかりでなく... (も)</p>
</div>

Means "not only A but also B".

> [!info] Examples
> 彼女は{綺麗|きれい}==ばかりでなく=={天才|てんさい}もあるです。
> She's not only beautiful, she's also a genius.

## に限らず (NEW!)

に{限|かぎ}らず means "not only A, but also B".
Used with nouns.

> [!info] Examples
> この{店|みせ}は{平日|へいじつ}==に限らず==、{週末|しゅうまつ}も{営業|えいぎょう}している。
> This store is open not only on weekdays but also on weekends.

## てばかりいる

Means "only", "nothing but".
Used with a verb in て form.

> [!info] Examples
> {僕|ぼく}の{犬|いぬ}は{鳴|な}け==てばかりいる==。
> My dog is always barking.

# TODO

## でしかない (NEW!)

TODO ask nuance

Means "nothing but" or "no more than". More often than not conveys a negative nuance.
Used with nouns.

> [!info] Examples
> {彼|かれ}は{子供|こども}==でしかない==。
> He nothing more than a child.

## に過ぎない (ni suginai)

TODO ask nuance
TODO all

でしかない similar (check in the handbook)

Meaning: no more than; just; merely; only ~. This is used to emphasize that something is of a lower quality / quantity / level.
Category: amount?

https://jlptsensei.com/learn-japanese-grammar/%e3%81%ab%e9%81%8e%e3%81%8e%e3%81%aa%e3%81%84-ni-suginai-meaning/
https://bunpro.jp/grammar_points/%E3%81%AB%E3%81%99%E3%81%8E%E3%81%AA%E3%81%84