# In addition ## も~ば~も

N1 + も +

V (ば)

い-Adj ければ

な-Adj + なら

N + なら

+ N2 + も

Means "also", "as well". Means that both N1 and N2 are true (and should share a connection). ⚠ Despite using conditional form, it is not conditional in meaning. > [!info] Examples > {母|はは}はポルトガル{語|ご}==も==できれ==ば==スペイン{語|ご}==も=={話|はな}せる。 > My mother can speak Portuguese as well as Spanish. ## おまけに (NEW!) Means "in addition". Used for emphasis for similar qualities (positive, negative). Used orally. > [!info] Examples > {暑|あつ}くて==おまけに==エアコンが{壊|こわ}れてしまった。 > It was hot, and to make matters worse, the air conditioning broke. ## しかも (NEW!) Means "moreover", "what's more". Talks about a same subject, for objective information, implying that A and B exist at the same time. It is similar to おまけに, but used for writing. > [!info] Examples > このレストランはとても{美味|おい}しいね。==しかも==、{安|やす}いよ! > This restaurant is delicious. What's more, it's cheap! ## 上に

V

い-Adj

な-Adj + な

N + の

+ 上(に)

{上|うえ}に means "and also", "in addition", "as well". Used with similar qualities (positive with positive, negative with negative). > [!info] Examples > この{家|いえ}は{狭|せま}い==上に=={家賃|やちん}は{高|たか}すぎる。 > This house is small, and the rent is too expensive. ## その上 (NEW!) その{上|うえ} means "besides", "in addition". Means the same as 上に, but with two separate sentences. > [!info] Examples > この{家|いえ}は{狭|せま}い。==その上==、{家賃|やちん}は{高|たか}すぎる。 > This house is small. In addition, the rent is too expensive. ## に加えて (NEW!) に{加|くわ}えて means "in addition to". It is formal, and often used in business settings. Used with nouns. > [!info] Examples > {今年|ことし}はピンポン==に加えて==バドミントンを{教|おし}えます。 > This year, I'll be teaching badminton in addition to ping pong. ## Not only, but also ### はもちろん

N

+ はもちろん +

phrase

+ も・さえ

Means "not only but also", "not to mention". The most common form. > [!info] Examples > このゲームセンターにはゲーム==はもちろん==ボウリング==も==あります。 > This game center not only has games but also bowling. ### はもとより (NEW!) Means "not only but also". Similar meaning than はもちろん. Conveys a sense of continuity. Used mostly in writing. Used with nouns. > [!info] Examples > {雪|ゆき}が{多|おお}いので、{電車|でんしゃ}==はもとより==タクシーもない。 > There is so much snow that there are no trains, let alone taxis.