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64
🔰 Grammar/Certainty.md
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🔰 Grammar/Certainty.md
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# Certainty
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## Certain: に違いない
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に{違|ちが}いない means "I'm certain that".
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> [!info] Example
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> 私は{試験|しけん}を{合格|ごうかく}==に違いない==。
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> I'm sure I'll pass the exam.
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## Not always: とは限らない
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<div class="usage">
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<div class="left">
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<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
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<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
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<p><span class="box">な-Adj + だ</span></p>
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<p><span class="box">N + だ</span></p>
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</div>
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<p class="right">+ とは限らない</p>
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</div>
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とは{限|かぎ}らない means "not always", "not necessarily".
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> [!info] Example
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> {大人|おとな}は{正|ただ}しい==とは限らない==。
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> Adults are not always right.
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## Impossible
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### わけがない
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<div class="usage">
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<div class="left">
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<p><span class="box">V</span></p>
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<p><span class="box">い-Adj</span></p>
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<p><span class="box">な-Adj + な</span></p>
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</div>
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<p class="right">+ わけがない</p>
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</div>
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Means that there is no way, "impossible". 🛠 nuance?
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> [!info] Example
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> {全部|ぜんぶ}食べられる==わけがない==よ!
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> It is impossible to eat it all!
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### ようがない・ようもない
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~{様|よう}がない means that there is no way, "impossible". 🛠 nuance?
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Works by removing ~ます from a verb and adding ようがない・ようもない.
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🛠 difference between ようがない and ようもない?
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> [!info] Example
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> もうこんな時間。帰り==ようがない==。
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> It's already this late. I have no way to go back home.
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### まさか
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Usually at the start of a sentence, expresses surprise, about something that seemed impossible.
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> [!info] Example
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> ==まさか=={僕|ぼく}たちのチームが{負|ま}けた。
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> I cannot believe our team lost.
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68
🔰 Grammar/Planning.md
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🔰 Grammar/Planning.md
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# Planning
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## ようと思う
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ようと{思|おも}う means "thinking of doing".
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Used with a verb in the volitional form (よう).
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> [!info] Example
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> レストランへ行こ==うと思います==。
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> I'm thinking of going to the restaurant.
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## つもり
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Means "intend to".
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> [!info] Example
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> 明日ゲームセンターに行く==つもり==はない。
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> I don't plan to go to the arcade tomorrow.
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### つもりだった・つもりなのに
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Used to express that someone thought they did something.
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> [!info] Example
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> リンゴを買った==つもりだった==けど。
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> I'm sure I bought apples... (that was my intention, but apparently I did not)
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>
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> リンゴを買う==つもりだった==けど。
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> I was planning to buy apples... (it was my intention, but I changed my mind)
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### つもりで
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<div class="usage">
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<div class="left">
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<p><span class="box">V (た)</span></p>
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<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
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</div>
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<p class="right">+ つもりで</p>
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</div>
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Means "with the intention of doing".
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> [!info] Example
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> {旅行|りょこう}に行く==つもりで==、{旅行|りょこう}本を読んでいる。
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> With the intention of traveling, I'm reading a travel book.
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## よてい
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<div class="usage">
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<div class="left">
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<p><span class="box">V (dictionary)</span></p>
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<p><span class="box">N + の</span></p>
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</div>
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<p class="right">+ 予定だ</p>
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</div>
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It means "plan to".
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This form is stronger than つもり. For a same sentence, the nuance could be a strong intention for つもり, while with よてい the plan has already been booked.
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> [!info] Example
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> 来年日本へ行く==予定==です。
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> I'm planning to go to Japan next year (I have my tickets).
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## Summing it up
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* ==ようとおもう== expresses a thought about doing.
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* ==つもり== expresses an intention.
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* ==予定== expresses a plan.
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@ -88,4 +88,20 @@ Appending にする to a な-Adj transforms it into an adverb.
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## がる・がっている: adjectives as verbs
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## がる・がっている: adjectives as verbs
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See [[Observation - Description#がる・がっている]].
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See [[Observation - tendency - feelings#がる・がっている]].
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## 的: noun as な-Adj / Adverb
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This allows to change a noun into:
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* ~{的|てき} な for a な-Adj
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* ~{的|てき} に for an Adverb
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> [!info] Example
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> {感情|かんじょう}。
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> Emotion.
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>
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> {感情|かん|じょう}==的==。
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> Emotional.
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>
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> 彼女のスピーチはとても{感情|かん|じょう}==的==だった。
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> Her speech was very emotional.
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