diff --git a/๐Ÿ”ฐ Grammar/Combination actions.md b/๐Ÿ”ฐ Grammar/Combination actions.md index 3551608..a9d2cc2 100644 --- a/๐Ÿ”ฐ Grammar/Combination actions.md +++ b/๐Ÿ”ฐ Grammar/Combination actions.md @@ -9,7 +9,9 @@ Those rules combine a verb and an adjective to make a new meaning.

+ Adj

-## ~ใ‚„ใ™ใ„ +## Difficulty + +### ~ใ‚„ใ™ใ„: easy Means: * easy to do @@ -23,7 +25,7 @@ Means: > {ๆณฃ|ใช}ใ==ใ‚„ใ™ใ„==ใ€‚ > Prone to crying. -## ~ใซใใ„ใƒป~ใฅใ‚‰ใ„ +### ~ใซใใ„ใƒป~ใฅใ‚‰ใ„: difficult Means that something is difficult to do. While ใซใใ„ is the broader form, ใฅใ‚‰ใ„ is used in a more subjective manner, for actions that are intentional. @@ -32,6 +34,15 @@ While ใซใใ„ is the broader form, ใฅใ‚‰ใ„ is used in a more subjective mann > ่ฆ‹==ใซใใ„==ใ€‚ > Difficult to see. +### ๏ฝžใŒใŸใ„: very difficult + +~ใŒใŸใ„ means that something is very difficult to do. +It is more extreme than ~ใซใใ„. + +> [!info] Example +> ใใ‚Œใฏ{ไฟก|ใ—ใ‚“}ใ˜==ใŒใŸใ„==ใชใ€‚ +> That's hard to believe... + ## ~ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ ๏ฝž{ๅง‹|ใฏใ˜}ใ‚ใ‚‹ means that something starts or has started. Expresses intentionality. @@ -63,3 +74,72 @@ While ใซใใ„ is the broader form, ใฅใ‚‰ใ„ is used in a more subjective mann > [!info] Example > {้ฃฒ|ใฎ}ใฟ==็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™==ใ€‚ > To stop to drink. + +## ๏ฝžไธŠใ’ใ‚‹ + +This can be used both as: +* {ไธŠ|ใ‚}ใ’ใ‚‹ means "finish doing" (transitive) +* {ไธŠ|ใ‚}ใŒใ‚‹ means "was finished" (intransitive) + +> [!info] Example +> {ๅ…จ้ƒจ|ใœใ‚“ใถ}ใฎ{ๅคไผ‘|ใชใค|ใ‚„}ใฟใฎ{ๅฎฟ้กŒ|ใ—ใ‚…ใใ ใ„}ใ‚’ๅ‡บๆฅ==ไธŠใ’ใฃใŸ==ใ€‚ +> I have finished all my summer homework. + +## ๏ฝžๅˆใ† + +๏ฝž{ๅˆ|ใ‚}ใ† means that the action is done with someone else. + +> [!info] Example +> {ๅฆน|ใ„ใ‚‚ใ†ใจ}ใจ{ๅฎถ|ใ„ใˆ}ใธ{ๅธฐ|ใ‹ใˆ}ใ‚Š==ไผšใฃใŸ==ใ€‚ +> I went home with my sister. + +## ๏ฝžๅˆ‡ใ‚‹ใƒป๏ฝžๅˆ‡ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใƒป๏ฝžๅˆ‡ใ‚Œใชใ„ + +~{ๅˆ‡|ใ}ใ‚‹ means "to do completely" and ~ๅˆ‡ใ‚Œใ‚‹ means "able to do completely". +The negative form ~ๅˆ‡ใ‚Œใชใ„ means "unable to do", "too much to complete". +It focuses on the end of the action rather than the process. + +> [!info] Example +> ็ˆถใฏใ™ในใฆใฎ{้ƒจๅฑ‹|ใธใ‚„}ใ‚’{ๆŽƒ้™ค|ใใ†ใ˜}ใ—==ๅˆ‡ใฃใŸ==ใ€‚ +> My father finished cleaning all the rooms. +> +> ๅฝผใฏ{็ด่ฑ†|ใชใฃใจใ†}ใ‚’้ฃŸใน==ๅˆ‡ใ‚Œใชใ‹ใฃใŸ==ใ€‚ +> He could not finish all his natto. + +## ๏ฝž้€šใ™ + +~{้€š|ใจใŠ}ใ™ means "to do something until the end", "continually" or "through". It focuses on the process of the action, rather than its ending. + +> [!info] Example +> ใƒžใƒฉใ‚ฝใƒณใฎ{ๅ…จ้ƒจ|ใœใ‚“ใถ}ใ‚’{่ตฐ|ใฏใ—}ใ‚Š==้€šใ—ใŸ==ใ€‚ +> He ran through the whole marathon. + +## ๏ฝž่พผใ‚€ +๐Ÿ›  +~{่พผ|ใ“}ใ‚€ has + +> [!info] Example +> + +to do something for a long time or to move something inside + +https://jlptsensei.com/learn-japanese-grammar/%e8%be%bc%e3%82%80-%e3%81%93%e3%82%80-komu-meaning/ +https://www.tofugu.com/japanese/komu-compound-verbs/ +https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=31xnxSFUCiw +https://www.reddit.com/r/LearnJapanese/comments/12b4dtj/%E8%BE%BC%E3%82%80_n3_grammar_what_even_is_this/ + +## ๏ฝž็›ดใ™ + +~{็›ด|ใชใŠ}ใ™ means to do something again. + +> [!info] Example +> {ไปŠๅนด|ใ“ใจใ—}ใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚Š==็›ดใ™==ใฆใปใ—ใ„ใ€‚ +> I want this year to start over. + +## ๏ฝžใฃใฑใชใ— + +~ใฃใฑใชใ— means leaving something as it is. + +> [!info] Example +> ใ“ใฎ๏ผ‘๏ผ“ๆ™‚้–“{้ฃ›่กŒ|ใฒใ“ใ†}ใง{ๅบง|ใ™ใ‚}ใ‚Š==ใฃใฑใชใ—==ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ +> I sat the entire time on this 13 hours flight.