diff --git a/๐Ÿ”ฐ Grammar/Time.md b/๐Ÿ”ฐ Grammar/Time.md index de26110..85bc318 100644 --- a/๐Ÿ”ฐ Grammar/Time.md +++ b/๐Ÿ”ฐ Grammar/Time.md @@ -18,14 +18,22 @@ Means "time". When used like this, means "at the time of". > ่กŒใฃใŸ==ใจใ==ใ€{่ชฐ|ใ ใ‚Œ}ใ‚‚ใ„ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ > When I went, no one was there. -## ใจใ“ใ‚ +## ้š›ใซ -Means "just about to". Used when describing what we're about to do. -Used by combining to a verb. +
+
+

V (dictionary)

+

V (ใŸ)

+

N + ใฎ

+
+

+ ้š›ใซใƒป้š›ใฏ

+
+ +{้š›|ใ•ใ„}ใซ means "time", "when". More formal than ใจใ. > [!info] Example -> ไปŠใ”{้ฃฏ|ใฏใ‚“}ใ‚’ไฝœใ‚‹==ใจใ“ใ‚==ใงใ™ใ€‚ -> I'm about to make dinner. +> {ๅฎถ|ใ„ใˆ}ใง{ๅ…ฅ|ใฏใ„}ใ‚‹==้š›ใซ=={้ด|ใใค}ใ‚’{่„ฑ|ใฌ}ใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ +> Please take off your shoes when entering the house. ## ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ @@ -36,73 +44,20 @@ Used by combining to a verb. > {ๆ™‚ใ€…|ใจใ|ใฉใ}ใƒ‘ใƒชใธ่กŒใ==ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹==ใ€‚ > I sometimes go to Paris. -## ใชใŒใ‚‰ +## ใจใ“ใ‚ -
-
-

V-ใพใ™

-
-

+ ใชใŒใ‚‰ + ...

-
- -Means "while", "simultaneously". +Means "just about to". Used when describing what we're about to do. +Used by combining to a verb. > [!info] Example -> {ๆญฉ|ใ‚ใ‚‹}ใ==ใชใŒใ‚‰=={้›ป่ฉฑ|ใงใ‚“|ใ‚}ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ -> While walking, I'm looking at my phone. +> ไปŠใ”{้ฃฏ|ใฏใ‚“}ใ‚’ไฝœใ‚‹==ใจใ“ใ‚==ใงใ™ใ€‚ +> I'm about to make dinner. -## ้–“ +## ใ‹ใ‚‰๏ฝžใพใง -
-
-

V (dictionary)

-

N + ใฎ

-
-

+ ้–“

-
- -{้–“|ใ‚ใ„ใ } means "while" or "during". Used to express something that is done for the whole period of time. - -> [!info] Example -> ้›ป่ปŠใซ{ไน—|ใฎ}ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹==้–“==ใ€ใ‚ฒใƒผใƒ ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใŸใ€‚ -> While I was on the train, I was playing a game. - -Can also be used to talk about a distance between two physical places or the time between two things. - -> [!info] Example -> ๏ผ‘ๆ™‚ใ‹ใ‚‰๏ผ™ใ˜ใพใงใฎ==้–“==ใ€{ๅฏ|ใญ}ใพใ™ใ€‚ -> I sleep between 1AM and 9AM. - -## ้–“ใซ - -
-
-

V (casual, non-past)

-

ใ„-Adj

-

ใช-Adj + ใช

-

N + ใฎ

-
-

+ ้–“ใซ

-
- -A first meaning is similar to {้–“|ใ‚ใ„ใ } (while), but with intentionality. - -> [!info] Example -> ้›ป่ปŠใซ{ไน—|ใฎ}ใฃใŸ==้–“ใซ==ใ€ๆœฌใ‚’่ชญใฟใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ -> While I was on the train, I read a book. - -A second meaning is a statement of something that happened during a time period, independently of your actions. -Contrary to ้–“, it doesn't include the whole time period. So ้–“ใซ means that at a point during the time period, something happened. - -> [!info] Example -> {ๅคœ|ใ‚ˆใ‚‹}ใฎ==้–“ใซ==ใ€{้šฃ|ใจใชใ‚Š}ใฎๆœจใŒ{่ฝ|ใŠ}ใกใฆใ„ใŸใ€‚ -> During the night, the tree next door fell. - -# ใ‹ใ‚‰๏ฝžใพใง - -See ใ‹ใ‚‰: [[๐Ÿ”ฐ Particles (2)#From, since]]. -See ใพใง: [[๐Ÿ”ฐ Particles (2)#ใพใง]]. -See ใ‹ใ‚‰๏ฝžใพใง: [[๐Ÿ”ฐ Particles (2)#ใ‹ใ‚‰๏ฝžใพใง]]. +See ใ‹ใ‚‰: [[๐Ÿ”ฐ Particles (2)#From, since]] (from). +See ใพใง: [[๐Ÿ”ฐ Particles (2)#ใพใง]] (until). +See ใ‹ใ‚‰๏ฝžใพใง: [[๐Ÿ”ฐ Particles (2)#ใ‹ใ‚‰๏ฝžใพใง]] (from... until). ## ๅ‰ใซ @@ -140,75 +95,13 @@ See ใ‹ใ‚‰๏ฝžใพใง: [[๐Ÿ”ฐ Particles (2)#ใ‹ใ‚‰๏ฝžใพใง]]. > ้ฃŸในใŸ==ๅพŒใง==ใ€ๅฏใพใ™ใ€‚ > After eating, I'll go to sleep. -## ใ•ใฃใ - -Means that something happened recently, either just now, or a little while ago. - -> [!info] Example -> ==ใ•ใฃใ==ๅฎถใซๅ‡บใฆใใŸใ€‚ -> I just left home. - -## ใŸใจใ“ใ‚ - -Combined with a verb in the past tense, it express that something just occurred (something just ended, just started, etc). - -> [!info] Example -> ไปŠ้ฃŸในใŸ==ใจใ“ใ‚==ใ ใ€‚ -> I just finished to eat right now. - -## ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ“ใ‚ - -See [[TeF (2) - manner of doing#ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ“ใ‚]]. - -## ใŸใฐใ‹ใ‚Š - -Combined with a verb in the past tense, it express that something just occurred (something just ended, just started, etc). It is more subjective than ใจใ“ใ‚. It doesn't have to be something that literally just happened, but something that feels like it just happened. - -> [!info] Example -> ไปŠ้ฃŸในใŸ==ใฐใ‹ใ‚Š==ใ ใ€‚ -> I just finished to eat right now. - -When comparing the two examples, the meaning is different depending on the context. Imagine a friend asking you to go eat with him. When using ใจใ“ใ‚, it means you just finished your meal this instant. When using ใฐใ‹ใ‚Š, it means that it feels too soon to eat again just yet from your point of view, independently of how much time has really passed. - -## ๆ€ฅใซ - -{ๆ€ฅ|ใใ‚…ใ†}ใซ means that something happened unexpectedly or quickly. - -> [!info] Example -> ==ๆ€ฅใซ==้›ป่ปŠใŒ{็พ|ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚}ใ‚ŒใŸใ€‚ -> A train suddenly appeared. - -## ใ‚„ใฃใจ - -Means that something happened at last. More rarely means "barely". - -> [!info] Example -> ==ใ‚„ใฃใจ=={่ซ–ๆ–‡|ใ‚ใ‚“|ใถใ‚“}ใ‚’ๆ›ธใ{็ต‚|ใŠ}ใ‚ใฃใŸใ€‚ -> I finally finished writing my thesis. - -## ใพใงใซ - -This indicates a time limit for the action, similar to "by". - -> [!info] Example -> {ๆฅ้€ฑ|ใ‚‰ใ„|ใ—ใ‚…ใ†}==ใพใงใซ=={็ต‚|ใŠ}ใ‚ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ -> Please finish by next week. - -## ใŠใใซ - -This is used for repeated intervals, after a noun indicating something measurable. - -> [!info] Example -> ใ“ใฎ้›ป่ปŠใฏ๏ผ”ๅˆ†==ใŠใใซ=={ๅ‡บ็™บ|ใ—ใ‚…|ใฃใฑใค}ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ -> This train leaves every four minutes. - ## ใ“ใ‚ใƒปใ”ใ‚
-
+

N (time)

-

+ ใ”ใ‚

+

+ ใ”ใ‚

Means "around" or "about". @@ -229,5 +122,46 @@ Means "around" or "about". Means "when". > [!info] Example -> ๅญไพ›ใฎ==ใ“ใ‚==ใ€ๆฏŽๆ—ฅ{ๅ…ฌๅœ’|ใ“ใ†ใˆใ‚“}ใง{้Š|ใ‚ใ}ใ‚“ใ ใ€‚ +> {ๅญไพ›|ใ“ใฉใ‚‚}ใฎ==ใ“ใ‚==ใ€ๆฏŽๆ—ฅ{ๅ…ฌๅœ’|ใ“ใ†ใˆใ‚“}ใง{้Š|ใ‚ใ}ใ‚“ใ ใ€‚ > When I was a kid, I played every day at the park. + +## ใพใงใซ + +This indicates a time limit for the action, similar to "by". + +> [!info] Example +> {ๆฅ้€ฑ|ใ‚‰ใ„|ใ—ใ‚…ใ†}==ใพใงใซ=={็ต‚|ใŠ}ใ‚ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ +> Please finish by next week. + +## ใถใ‚Šใซ + +
+
+

N (time)

+
+

+ ใถใ‚Šใซ~ใ™ใ‚‹

+
+
+
+

N (time)

+
+

+ ใถใ‚Š + ใฎ

+
+

N

+
+
+ +Means "for the first time in duration". Used for long times (can be a psychologically perceived one). +Used with nouns measuring time. + +> [!info] Example +> ๏ผ“{ๅนด|ใญใ‚“}==ใถใ‚Šใซ==ใƒ–ใƒฉใ‚ธใƒซใ‚’{ๆˆป|ใ‚‚ใฉ}ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ +> For the first time in 3 years, I'm returning to Brazil. + +## ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€œใซใ‹ใ‘ใฆ + +Means "through", "from... until". Indicates that something happens over a period of time. + +> [!info] Example +> {ๆœ|ใ‚ใ•}==ใ‹ใ‚‰=={ๅคœ|ใ‚ˆใ‚‹}==ใซใ‹ใ‹ใฆ==ใ‚ฒใƒผใƒ ใ—ใŸใ„ใ€‚ +> I want to play games from morning to night.