From 8ef83016ea24fb67342da678cac956f7b9680200 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Th=C3=A9o=20Marchal?= <me@theomarchal.com>
Date: Mon, 3 Jun 2024 11:00:14 +0200
Subject: [PATCH] Update Observation - hearsay.md

---
 🔰 Grammar/Observation - hearsay.md | 48 ++++++++++++++++-------------
 1 file changed, 27 insertions(+), 21 deletions(-)

diff --git a/🔰 Grammar/Observation - hearsay.md b/🔰 Grammar/Observation - hearsay.md
index 0988dc7..8f70a88 100644
--- a/🔰 Grammar/Observation - hearsay.md	
+++ b/🔰 Grammar/Observation - hearsay.md	
@@ -1,22 +1,5 @@
 # Observation - Hearsay
 
-## と聞いた
-
-Used when you heard something, but not from someone specifically identifiable: general knowledge, a rumour, etc.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> 彼はバカ==と聞いた==。
-> They say he's an idiot (I've heard that he's an idiot).
-
-## と言われている
-
-Used for something you heard by someone identifiable: for example, you were told by someone.
-For nouns, だ is placed before.
-
-> [!info] Example
-> このレストランのカレーはおいしいだ==と言われています==。
-> The curry of this restaurant is good (someone told me).
-
 ## んだって
 
 <div class="usage">
@@ -30,13 +13,31 @@ For nouns, だ is placed before.
 </div>
 
 Used to quote something that you heard in a casual conversation.
-🛠 nuance with と言われている?
 Similar in the quotation sense to [[Description#って・って言う・と言う|って]], but here the nuance is that the information is new or unexpected.
 
 > [!info] Example
 > ワールドカップでアルゼンチンが{勝|か}した==んだって==!
 > Argentina won the world cup! (you just saw it on TV but you were doing something else and are surprised)
 
+## と聞いた
+
+Used for something you heard by someone identifiable: for example, you were told by someone.
+Mostly used formally.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> 彼はバカ==と聞いた==。
+> They say he's an idiot (I've heard that he's an idiot).
+
+## と言われている
+
+Used when you heard something, but not from someone specifically identifiable: general knowledge, a rumour, etc.
+For nouns, だ is placed before.
+Mostly used formally.
+
+> [!info] Example
+> このレストランのカレーはおいしいだ==と言われています==。
+> They say the curry of this restaurant is good.
+
 ## そうだ
 
 <div class="usage">
@@ -50,10 +51,11 @@ Similar in the quotation sense to [[Description#って・って言う・と言
 </div>
 
 Means "I heard that".
-Do not confuse with [[Observation - looking like#そうだ]].
+Do not confuse with [[Observation - looking like#そうだ]] (no stem modification).
+It is casual.
 
 > [!info] Examples
-> テストは{難|むず}しい==だそうだ==。
+> テストは{難|むず}しいだ==そうだ==。
 > The exam is said to be difficult.
 
 ## ということだ
@@ -69,4 +71,8 @@ Can be used as ==ということだ== or ==とのことだ==. A more casual vers
 
 ## Summing it up
 
-🛠 Todo: understand the nuances.
\ No newline at end of file
+* ==んだって== used for quotation, similar to って, when the information is new.
+* ==と聞いた== is used for something for something you heard from an identifiable speaker. Is mostly formal.
+* ==と言われている== is used for something for something you heard from an unspecified speaker. Is mostly formal.
+* ==そうだ== is used for hearsay and is casual.
+* ==ということだ== is used for hearsay, when the validity of the information is certain. More formal than そうだ.